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COVID-19 disease in children and adolescents following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A report from the Turkish pediatric bone marrow transplantation study group
No full textBackground: Data on the risk factors and outcomes for pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are limited.
Objectives: The study aimed to analyze the clinical signs, risk factors, and outcomes for ICU admission and mortality in a large pediatric cohort who underwent allogeneic HSCT prior to COVID-19 infection.
Method: In this nationwide study, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 184 pediatric HSCT recipients who had COVID-19 between March 2020 and August 2022.
Results: The median time from HSCT to COVID-19 infection was 209.0 days (IQR, 111.7-340.8; range, 0-3845 days). The most common clinical manifestation was fever (58.7%). While most patients (78.8%) had asymptomatic/mild disease, the disease severity was moderate in 9.2% and severe and critical in 4.4% and 7.6%, respectively. The overall mortality was 10.9% (n: 20). Deaths were attributable to COVID-19 in nine (4.9%) patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) (OR, 23.20, p: .001) and lymphopenia at diagnosis (OR, 5.21, p: .006) were risk factors for ICU admission and that HSCT from a mismatched donor (OR, 54.04, p: .028), multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (OR, 31.07, p: .003), and LRTD (OR, 10.11, p: .035) were associated with a higher risk for COVID-19-related mortality.
Conclusion: While COVID-19 is mostly asymptomatic or mild in pediatric transplant recipients, it can cause ICU admission in those with LRTD or lymphopenia at diagnosis and may be more fatal in those who are transplanted from a mismatched donor and those who develop MIS-C or LRTD
Decoding myasthenia gravis: advanced diagnosis with infrared spectroscopy and machine learning
No full textMyasthenia Gravis (MG) is a rare neurological disease. Although there are intensive efforts, the underlying mechanism of MG still has not been fully elucidated, and early diagnosis is still a question mark. Diagnostic paraclinical tests are also time-consuming, burden patients financially, and sometimes all test results can be negative. Therefore, rapid, cost-effective novel methods are essential for the early accurate diagnosis of MG. Here, we aimed to determine MG-induced spectral biomarkers from blood serum using infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis methods e.g., principal component analysis (PCA), support vector machine (SVM), discriminant analysis and Neural Network Classifier were used for rapid MG diagnosis. The detailed spectral characterization studies revealed significant increases in lipid peroxidation; saturated lipid, protein, and DNA concentrations; protein phosphorylation; PO2-asym + sym /protein and PO2-sym/lipid ratios; as well as structural changes in protein with a significant decrease in lipid dynamics. All these spectral parameters can be used as biomarkers for MG diagnosis and also in MG therapy. Furthermore, MG was diagnosed with 100% accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values by infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis methods. In conclusion, FTIR spectroscopy coupled with machine learning technology is advancing towards clinical translation as a rapid, low-cost, sensitive novel approach for MG diagnosis
Unique combination of hyaluronic acid and amino acids in the management of patients with a wide range of moderate-to-severe chronic wounds: Evidence from international clinical practice
No full textThe availability of new products and strategies to manage wounds has taken a
quantum leap in recent years. Healthcare professionals now have an extensive
range of products to choose from, but while positive this also raises dilemmas
in real-world clinical practice to decide on the most appropriate treatment for
a given patient. Clinical trials confirm the effectiveness of the unique combination of hyaluronic acid and amino acids (Vulnamin®) in a range of wounds,
but are these results replicated in real-world clinical practice? International
experts presented their clinical experience with the use of the combination in
difficult-to-treat wounds. The objective was to reach a consensus on how and
when to use the unique combination products to provide a cost-effective, convenient option, in all healthcare settings that improves QoL for patients and
their carers
An ensemble-based approach for effective distributed denial of service attack detection in software defined networking
No full textSoftware defined networking (SDN) is a network framework that aims to redefine network characteristics through the programmability of network components, faster and larger network monitoring, centralized network operation, and effective detection of fraudulent traffic and special malfunctions. However, SDN networks are vulnerable to security threats that can cause complete network failure. To address this issue, in this paper, machine learning techniques are suggested for the swift detection of attacks. Various methods for detecting distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are evaluated, and the study identifies the most precise method for categorizing such attacks within a SDN network. The results indicate that the proposed system achieves high accuracy in detecting DDoS attacks, with ensemble learning achieving 99% accuracy. This indicates a remarkable improvement percentage in comparison to the approaches of decision tree (DT), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM)
Diş hekimliği, tıp ve eczacılık öğrencilerinin HIV/AIDS konusunda bilgi ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi
No full textObjective: HIV is one of the main infectious diseases threatening world health for a long time. It is critical that today's healthcare students have the right knowledge and perspectives on HIV/AIDS, as they are the first line of defense against such a threat locally and globally. This cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare students toward HIV/AIDS. Method: In this study, a 4-part questionnaire consisting of 50 questions was administered to 450 healthcare students. Participants’ sociodemographic status, general knowledge of HIV/AIDS, their attitude to patients, and their knowledge related to oral manifestations of it were evaluated. Results: With the participation of 100 students from each of the faculties of dentistry, medicine, and pharmacy, a response rate of 66.7% was achieved. The mean knowledge of HIV/AIDS score percentage was 44.2% in dentistry, 43.3% in medicine, and 44.6% in pharmacy. It was determined that they had a positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients, and their mean attitude percentage was 78.6% in dentistry, 75.9% in medicine, and 76.2% in pharmacy. When it comes to the oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS, as expected, dentistry students were found to have higher scores on the most common oral manifestations. Still, it was observed that students of all three faculties were not aware of most lesions. Conclusion: Although students' knowledge levels were lower than expected, it was determined that most students displayed a professional attitude towards HIV/AIDS. The results obtained from this study revealed that dentistry, medicine, and pharmacy students need more detailed relevant education
Media representations of female political leaders: An analysis of body politics
No full textFemale politicians have historically faced exclusion within politics, partly due to societal
expectations dictating their roles and the patriarchal systems reinforcing these norms.
Elevating the presence of women in politics serves as a challenge to these entrenched
barriers, disrupting the dominance of men in the field and inspiring more women to
participate. However, research reveals biases in media coverage favoring male politicians
both in quantity and quality. While male politicians are typically covered based on their
policies and views, female politicians often face biased reporting colored by gender
stereotypes and marginalization. In today's highly mediated political landscape, where the
media plays a central role in shaping public perception, this bias undermines the careers of
women politicians and the foundations of democratic representation. This study
investigates the media portrayal of two prominent female leaders, Angela Merkel and
Hillary Clinton, with a focus on body politics. Using a case study research design and
drawing from Feminist media theory, it aims to shed light on how the media represents
these leaders through the lens of body politics. The findings of the study reveal that, unlike
their male counterparts, Angela Merkel and Hillary Clinton, are often unfairly portrayed by
the media with derogatory and sexist comments, revealing deep-seated gender biases and
the persistent barriers women leaders face. The study, therefore, suggests, among other
suggestions, that that media practitioners should assess their methods critically and work to
depict female political leaders in a fair, truthful, and courteous manner. This involves defying gender norms and emphasizing their political achievements rather than their
physical attributes.Kadın politikacılar tarihsel olarak toplumsal beklentilerin rollerini belirlemesi ve ataerkil
sistemlerin bu normları pekiştirmesi nedeniyle siyasetten dışlanmışlardır. Siyasette
kadınların varlığını artırmak, bu kökleşmiş engellere meydan okuyarak erkeklerin alandaki
hakimiyetini bozmakta ve daha fazla kadını siyasete katılmaya teşvik etmektedir. Ancak,
araştırmalar medya haberlerinde erkek politikacılar lehine nicelik ve nitelik açısından bir
yanlılık olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Erkek politikacılar genellikle politikaları ve
görüşleri üzerinden ele alınırken, kadın politikacılar cinsiyet stereotipleri ve
marjinalleştirme ile bezeli önyargılı haberlere maruz kalmaktadır. Medyanın kamusal
algıyı şekillendirmede merkezi bir rol oynadığı günümüzün yoğun medyatik siyasi
ortamında, bu önyargı kadın politikacıların kariyerlerini zayıflatmakta ve demokratik
temsiliyetin temellerini sarsmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Angela Merkel ve Hillary Clinton gibi
iki önemli kadın liderin medya görünürlüğünü beden siyaseti odaklı incelemektedir.
Araştırma tasarımını olarak vaka çalışması kullanilarak ve feminist medya teorisi
yararlanilarak, bu liderlerin medya tarafından beden siyaseti merceğinden nasıl temsil
edildiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, erkek meslektaşlarının
aksine Angela Merkel ve Hillary Clinton'ın medya tarafından sıklıkla aşağılayıcı ve
cinsiyetçi yorumlarla adaletsiz bir şekilde tasvir edildiğini, derin kökleri olan cinsiyet
önyargılarını ve kadın liderlerin karşılaştığı ısrarlı engelleri ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma
bu nedenle, diğer önerilerin yanı sıra, medya uygulayıcılarının yöntemlerini eleştirel bir
şekilde değerlendirmeleri ve kadın siyasi liderleri adil, doğru ve saygılı bir şekilde tasvir etmeleri gerektiğini öne sürmektedir. Bu, cinsiyet normlarına karşı çıkmayı ve kadın
liderlerin fiziksel özelliklerinden ziyade siyasi başarılarını vurgulamayı gerektirir
Performance analyses of AES and blowfish algorithms by encrypting files, videos, and images
No full textThis study attempts to secure the stored images and restrict unauthorized individuals from accessing them to effectively protect the data of the various systems, whether it be an image, a video, or a text file. For the data encryption process, symmetric encryption algorithms have been proposed. The findings of two well-known encryption algorithms were compared to make sure the best methods were being employed. Given that both Blowfish and AES symmetric encryption use block ciphers with a lot of data, they were chosen. Both techniques are capable of encoding high-resolution facial images, and the encoded files can be analyzed using quantitative metrics like histograms and time elapsed with volume scaling. According to the results obtained using the suggested criteria, AES is preferred since it produces specific results in terms of picture and file encoding quality and accuracy, processing and execution speed, coding complexity, coding efficiency, and homogeneity. In conclusion, symmetric encryption methods protect the face recognition system faster and more effectively than alternative options. The AES algorithm is favored over others because of its enormous block space, encryption accuracy, and speed of implementation
Design and analysing of charge controlling system with the electrical vehicle based on rider optimization algorithm utilize fuzzy logic control
No full textUsing the fuzzy logic control with the optimized technique has been investigated with
proportional integral derivative acceleration controller in this article, the fuzzy logic control
concept has the ability to make the decisions in multi-task probabilities called membership
which is responsible for the crisp value when converting the values that came from the
controller in this format in addition to that rules calculations were are depend on the
intelligent things to select the suitable output for upcoming values, therefore, the Rider
Optimization Algorithm was used as an assistant intelligent algorithm to help and solve the
estimations of the parameters for the controlled charge controlling system which is
responsible for the enhancement issue for the electrical vehicle, this work has been simulated
utilizing MATLAB R2021a.Bu makalede, oransal integral türev hızlandırma kontrolörü ile optimize edilmiş teknikle
bulanık mantık kontrolünün kullanılması araştırılmış olup, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı,
kontrolörden gelen değerleri bu formata dönüştürürken net değerden sorumlu olan üyelik adı
verilen çok görevli olasılıklarda kararlar verebilmektedir. Buna ek olarak, bulanık mantık
kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık
mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı,
bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol
kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık kontrol kavramı, bulanık mantık
kontrol kavramı bu kural hesaplamaları, yaklaşan değerler için uygun çıktıyı seçmek için
akıllı şeylere bağlıdır, bu nedenle, binici Optimizasyon Algoritması, elektrikli araç için
iyileştirme sorunundan sorumlu olan kontrollü şarj kontrol sistemi parametrelerinin
tahminlerine yardımcı olmak ve çözmek için yardımcı bir akıllı algoritma olarak kullanıldı,
bu çalışma MATLAB R2021a kullanılarak simüle edildi
An improved image steganography security and capacity using ant colony algorithm optimization
No full textThis advanced paper presents a new approach to improving image steganography using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. Image steganography, a technique of embedding hidden information in digital photographs, should ideally achieve the dual purposes of maximum data hiding and maintenance of the integrity of the cover media so that it is least suspect. The contemporary methods of steganography are at best a compromise between these two. In this paper, we present our approach, entitled Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)-Least Significant Bit (LSB), which attempts to optimize the capacity in steganographic embedding. The approach makes use of a grayscale cover image to hide the confidential data with an additional bit pair per byte, both for integrity verification and the file checksum of the secret data. This approach encodes confidential information into four pairs of bits and embeds it within uncompressed grayscale images. The ACO algorithm uses adaptive exploration to select some pixels, maximizing the capacity of data embedding while minimizing the degradation of visual quality. Pheromone evaporation is introduced through iterations to avoid stagnation in solution refinement. The levels of pheromone are modified to reinforce successful pixel choices. Experimental results obtained through the ACO-LSB method reveal that it clearly improves image steganography capabilities by providing an increase of up to 30% in the embedding capacity compared with traditional approaches; the average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) is 40.5 dB with a Structural Index Similarity (SSIM) of 0.98. The approach also demonstrates very high resistance to detection, cutting down the rate by 20%. Implemented in MATLAB R2023a, the model was tested against one thousand publicly available grayscale images, thus providing robust evidence of its effectiveness
A novel time management approach for the construction industry: a mathematical analysis
Get PDFThe primary focus of this study revolves around the issues associated with timely completion of construction projects and the achievement of critical milestones. The extension of a project's timeline often leads to adverse effects on the initial objectives and accomplishments. The present study investigates the consequences of substantial disparities between the real and expected durations of projects at any given point. The focus is given to project scheduling and methodological study, utilizing the Schedule Arrival on Time Index and Planning System Progress Index. The results indicate that it is important to consider the minimum realistic timescales for each project, in addition to evaluating the coefficient for construction safety margin. In the determination of boundary constraints for project status changes, it is imperative to consider the protective immunity coefficient value and the probability of timely completion of all tasks. The implementation of the suggested preventive measures can effectively reduce the probability of building project managers encountering delays in meeting deadlines. The timely identification of significant temporal deviations empowers managers to implement essential modifications, thereby mitigating the risk of difficulties increasing and compromising the project's overall performance. This study presents a modern paradigm for efficient project management in the construction sector