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Shaping ability of three instrumentation system in moderately curved canals: A micro-CT study
No full textThis study aims to compare the shaping ability of three systems using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Moderately-curved mesial canals of 36 mandibular molars were assigned to three groups (n = 24); Protaper Next (PTN, 0.25, 0.06), WaveOne Gold (WOG, 0.25, 0.07), TruNatomy (TRN, 0.25, 0.04), and instrumentation was performed. Pre- and post-micro-CT scans were obtained. Canal volume and surface, structure model index (SMI), centroid shift, canal transportation, and untouched canal were analyzed. One-way ANOVA and Student's t-test were used for statistics. There was no difference in SMI, centroid shift, and centering ability between the study groups (p > .05). Removed dentin and canal surface changes were lower in TRN, while untouched dentin walls were higher (p .05). Considering the removed dentin by TRN, it can be used in critical dentin thickness, such as the danger zone (DZ). PTN, WOG, and WOG kept the original canal course similarly. Untouched dentin by TRN (41%) was wider than PTN and WOG, consequently, meticulous irrigation is recommended. TRN, which provides a controlled increase in canal volume, can be used in thin dentin such as the DZ, however, its use should be supported by copious irrigation and brushing considering the rate of untouched dentin walls. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: TRN presented a higher untouched dentin wall compared to PTN and WOG. Canal volume and surface changes were the lowest in the TRN group. The centering abilities were similar in PTN, WOG, and TRN
From discourse to policy: analysing frontex in terms of Paris school
Get PDFBu araştırma Avrupa Birliği’nin göçü güvenlikleştirme politikasının nihai vücüt bulmuş
formu olarak Frontex’i ve Frontex’in görevini farklı durumlarda aynı şekilde yerine getirip
getirmediğini inceleyen eleştirel bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır. Göçü güvenlikleştirme
çalışmalarına Schengen Anlaşması ile başladığı kabul edilen Avrupa Birliğinin, aynı amaçla
zaman içerisinde oluşturduğu politikalarına yansıyan farklı kurumlar oluşturduğu
görülmüştür. Avrupa Birliğinin göçü güvenlikleştirme politikasının nihai vücut bulmuş
kurumu Frontex olduğu için çalışma öncelikle söylemlerin nasıl ülkelerin politikaları haline
geldiğini inceleyerek, güvenlik kavramını Paris ve Kopenhag Okulları olmak üzere iki okul
açısından analiz etmekte; sonrasında da AB-Belarus ve AB-Ukrayna sınırlarında yaşanan
son göçmen krizlerine odaklanmaktadır çünkü bu vakalarda Frontex'in rolü belirsiz kalmış,
etkili medya ve uluslararası insan hakları örgütleri Frontex'in insan haklarını koruma ve
insani durumu izleme konusundaki etkinliğini sorgulamışlardır. Belarus ve Ukrayna’daki
göçmenlerin, bütün dünya üzerindekilere oranla, sayılarının az olmasına rağmen Frontex ‘in
farklı yapıdaki göçmen krizlerine yaklaşımını analiz edebilmek için yine bu vakalar iki iyi
örnek oluşturmaktadır. Göçmen krizlerinin güncelliği de aynı zamanda Frontex üzerinden
AB’nin güncel göçmen politikasını anlamakta etkili olacaktır. Normal şartlarda Frontex’in
faaliyetleri, ilgili ülkenin Frontex görevlilerinin ülkelerine konuşlanmasını talep etmesiyle
başlar. Eğer hükümet bu talebi yapmazsa ya da Frontex'in göreve hazır olduğuna dair yaptığı
duyuruyu reddederse, AB- Beyaz Rusya göçmen krizi esnasında Polonya’nın Frontex'in yardımını talep etmediği durumda olduğu gibi, Frontex inisiyatifi ele alıp kendi başına
bölgeye yönelemez. Bu ataletin bir nedeni de Polonya'nın göçmen akınlarına karşı yeterli
personel ve ekipmana sahip olmasıydı. Ancak uluslararası kuruluşlar ve medya, diğer
nedenin, gazetecilerin ve insani yardım kuruluşlarının temsilcilerinin bölgelere girmesini ve
Polonyalı görevlilerin göçmenlere nasıl davrandığına dair bilgi aktarmasını engellemek
olduğunu iddia etti. Bu durumda Frontex görevlileri Romanya'da görevlendirilmiş olsalar
bile, rolleri insan hakları ihlallerini kısıtlamakla sınırlı kalmıştır. Ukrayna göçmen krizinde
Frontex uygulamaları hakkında ise farklı yönde ve ciddi iddilar bulunmaktadır. Frontex
görevlilerinin Ukraynalı göçmenler ile kriz patlak verdiğinde Ukrayna'da bulunan siyahi ve
Ortadoğulu göçmenler arasında ayrımcılık yaptığı görüşü de bu iddilar arasında yer
almaktadır. Bütün bunların ışığında, bu çalışma Paris Okulu teorisinden yola çıkarak AB’nin
göçmen krizlerine karşı politikasını Frontex üzerinden incelemek üzere hazırlanmıştır.
Çalışmada oluşum ve süreçleri birbirinden farklı iki ayrı göçmen krizi seçilerek AB’nin
göçmen politikasındaki anlayışı ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır.This research presents a critical approach which investigates whether Frontex is an agency
established by the EU as a result of securitization of migration and whether it always
functions in the same way in its duties. It has been observed that the European Union, which
is accepted to have started its policies on securitization of migration with the Schengen
Agreement, has created different institutions for the same purpose, which is reflected in its
policies over time. The study focuses on the recent migrant crises on the EU-Belarus and
EU-Ukraine borders based on the theories of two different Schools namely Paris School and
Copenhagen School within the context of securitization of immigration. Despite the
relatively small numbers of migrants in Belarus Ukraine compared to global figures, the
analysis of Frontex’s approach to different structured migration crisis can be explored
through these cases, which makes them good examples. Furthermore, especially in these
cases Frontex’s role stayed uncertain, and effective media and international human rights
organizations questioned its effectiveness in protecting human rights and monitoring the
humanitarian situation. In the ordinary course of events, activities of Frontex start with the
relevant country’s request for the Frontex officers to deploy to their countries. If the
government misses the request or rejects Frontex’s announcement so that they are ready for
the mission, Frontex cannot take the initiative and direct toward the area by itself as it was
in Poland’s case where Frontex’s assistance was not requested. One reason for that inertia
was that Poland had enough personnel and equipment against the migrant flows. But international organizations and media claimed that the other reason was to prevent the
journalists and humanitarian organizations’ agents from entering areas in order to convey
information about how the Polish officers treated the migrants. Even if Frontex officers were
deployed in Romania in this case, their roles stayed limited to restrict human rights
violations. Conversely, the allegations against Frontex implementations involved the
Ukrainian migrant crisis. Amidst the claims is the notion that Frontex officers engaged in
discriminated between Ukrainian migrants and black or Middle Eastern migrants who had
been in Ukraine when the crisis broke out. Against this background, this study has been
prepared to examine the EU’s policy on migration crisis through the lens of Paris School
theory, by focusing on Frontex. The aim of the study is to illuminate the EU’s understanding
of migration policies by selecting two distinct migration crises with different formations and
processes
Evli kadınların cinsel hayatlarındaki sorunların evlilik ilişkisi üzerine yansıması
Get PDFBu tezin amacı, evli kadınların cinsel hayatlarındaki sorunlarının evlilik ilişkisi üzerine
yansımalarını ortaya çıkartmaktır. Cinsel doyum, ilişki doyumu, ilişki sürekliliği arasındaki
ilişki örüntüsüyle ilgili yapılan araştırmalar cinsel doyumun, yakın ilişkilerde merkezi rol
oynadığını göstermektedir. Bununla beraber cinsel doyumun, bireylerin yaşantılarına
olumlu ve olumsuz olarak etki ettiğine değinilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar, cinsel yaşantının
niteliği ve verdiği doyum kişilerin beden sağlığı ile ruh sağlığı arasında anlamlı ve pozitif
yönlü bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu kapsamda konuyla alakalı literatür taraması
yapılmış ve daha önce yapılan çalışmalardan elde edilen verilerle sonuçlar belirlenmiştir.
Cinsel doyum ile evlilik uyumu arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alan araştırmalar, evlilik uyumu
seviyesinin yüksek veya düşük olmasının bireylerin cinsel doyumuna olumlu veya olumsuz
etkisinin olabileceğini ya da diğer yandan cinsel doyumla ilişkili yaşanılan problemlerin
evlilik uyumunu etkileyebileceğini göstermektedir.The aim of this thesis is to reveal the reflections of the problems in the sexual lives of
married women on the marital relationship. Research on the relationship between sexual
satisfaction, relationship satisfaction and relationship continuity shows that sexual
satisfaction plays a central role in close relationships. However, it has been mentioned that
sexual satisfaction affects individuals' lives both positively and negatively. Studies show
that there is a significant and positive relationship between the quality of sexual life and
the satisfaction it provides, and people's physical health and mental health. In this context,
a literature review was conducted on the subject and the results were determined with the
data obtained from previous studies. Research on the relationship between sexual
satisfaction and marital adjustment shows that high or low levels of marital harmony may
have a positive or negative effect on individuals' sexual satisfaction, or, on the other hand,
problems related to sexual satisfaction may affect marital adjustment
Kitlesel fonlamanın kullanıldığı gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler üzerine bir araştırma: Türkiye analizi
Get PDFYeni kurulacak olan küçük ölçekli işletmelere ve girişim fikirlerine geleneksel yöntemler
olan bankalar, risk sermayedarları, aile dışında alternatif olarak ortaya çıkan ve girişimcilerin
fon talep ederek iş fikirlerini hayata geçirme fırsatının elde edildiği bir yöntem olan kitlesel
fonlama sosyal bir finansman yöntemidir. Kitle fonlaması Amerika ve Avrupa’da son
yıllarda popüler bir sistem olarak bilinse de Türkiye’de henüz yeni bir kavramdır ve gelişme
aşamasındadır. Bu çalışmada, sosyal bir finansman kaynağı olan kitlesel fonlama
incelenerek kitlesel fonlama kavramı, tarihçesi, süreci ve kitlesel fonlamaya ilişkin bilgiler
açıklanacaktır. Dört ana kitlesel fonlama türü olan, bağış temelli, ödül temelli, borçlanma
temelli ve hisse senedi temelli kitlesel fonlamalar kitlesel fonlamaya ilişkin bilgiler literatür
ışığında ele alınacaktır. Çalışmanın asıl amacı; kitlesel fonlamanın kullanıldığı gelişmiş ve
gelişmekte olan ülkeler ele alınarak bu yöntemin nasıl uygulandığı incelenecektir. Çalışma
da kitlesel fonlamayı kullanan gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından bakılması
sonrası fonlama sisteminin Türkiye de ki durumu da analiz edileceği için literatüre katkı Fon
Talebisağlamaktadır.Crowdfunding is a social financing method that emerges as an alternative to newly
established small-scale businesses and entrepreneurial ideas, such as banks, venture
capitalists, family and entrepreneurs have the opportunity to realize their bussiness ideas by
requesting funds. Although crowdfunding has been known as a popular system in America
and Europa in recent years, it is still a new concept in Turkey and is under development. In
this study, crowfunding which is a social financing source, will be examined and information
on the concept of crowdfunding, its history, process and crowdfunding will be explained.
Information on crowdfunding, which are four main types of crowdfunding, donation-based,
reward-based, borrowing-based and stock-based crowdfunding, will be discussed in the light
of the literature. The main purpose of the study; Developed and developing countries where
crowdfunding is used will be discussed and how this method is applied will be examined.
The study also contributes to the literature by examining its relationship with financial
openness in temrs of developed countries using crowdfunding
Balancing housing policies : examining rent controls in EU member and candidate countries through the lens of constitutional rights
No full textThe social housing policies in many European Union (EU) member and candidate countries, coupled with challenges in the private property market, have resulted in an inability to adequately address the housing needs of low and middle-income households. Approximately one-third of the EU population resides in privately rented housing, prompting several member and candidate countries to implement rent controls due to a significant surge in rents within the private housing sector. These controls may involve setting rent ceilings, limiting the annual increase in rental rates, and other similar interventions.
For instance, in Turkey, the legislature has imposed a 25% limit on the increase of rental prices in existing contracts over the past two years. It is noteworthy, however, that the official inflation rates declared by the government in 2022 and 2023 were almost three times higher than the rental increase limit imposed by the legislature. The implementation of such interventions has sparked debates on the compatibility of such rent controls with the constitutions of the relevant countries and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).
Various cases, including James and Others v the United Kingdom, Aquilina v Malta, and Urbarska Obec Trencianske Biskupice v Slovakia, illustrate instances where the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) has addressed restrictions on landlords' rights. According to the court, countries have a margin of appreciation in implementing such restrictions, but they must ensure that the limitations imposed are proportionate and guarantee fair and adequate rent.
Several constitutional courts, including the Turkish Constitutional Court, have also examined the constitutionality of rent controls. The objective of this paper is to establish criteria for acceptable rent controls based on the decisions of the ECtHR and the constitutional courts of EU member and candidate countries. These criteria aim to guide policymakers in striking a balance between addressing housing challenges and respecting property rights and freedom of contract for landlords
Comparison of early postoperative outcomes of omentopexy and clips along the staple line during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized study
No full textBackground: We aimed to compare the omentopexy and clipping reinforcement methods performed along the staple line during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in terms of the effectiveness on postoperative bleeding.
Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study, patients were divided into two groups: clips group (CG) and omentopexy group (OG). The groups were compared in terms of postoperative bleeding, duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, hospital readmissions in the postoperative first 30-days.
Results: A total of 148 patients were included in the study. Postoperative bleeding was observed in 11 patients (14.9%) of CG and 2 patients (2.7%) of the OG, and the difference between the groups was found to be significant (p = 0.009). Similarly, the number of patients with bleeding that did not require intervention was 9 (12.2%) in CG and 2 (2.7%) in OG, and the difference between the groups was also significant (p = 0.028). The duration of surgery in the CG was 30 (27 to 36) minutes, whereas in the OG, it was 43 (39 to 45) minutes, with a significant difference noted (p < 0.001). Additionally, the rate of patients readmitted to the hospital within the first 30 days was 16 (21.6%) in the CG and 7 (9.5%) in the OG, with a significant difference observed (p = 0.041).
Conclusion: In terms of bleeding requiring intervention, there was no difference between omentopexy and clipping techniques. In addition, omentopexy showed more satisfactory results than clipping in terms of non-interventional bleeding, but its clinical significance is unclear
Utility of gingival crevicular fluid components for periodontal diagnosis
Get PDFPeriodontal diseases are highly prevalent chronic diseases, and severe periodontitis creates functional and esthetic problems and decreases self-esteem for a large percentage of the older population worldwide. In many cases of periodontitis, there is no distinct tell-tale pain that motivates a patient to seek treatment, rather the signs become clinically detectable late, and typically when the disease has progressed to a problematic level for the life of the dentition. Early periodontal screening and diagnostics tools will provide early recognition of periodontal diseases and facilitate timely management of the disease to reduce tooth loss. To this goal, gingival crevicular fluid is easily sampled, can be repeatedly and non-invasively collected, and can be tested for potential biomarkers. Moreover, the site specificity of periodontal diseases enhances the usefulness of gingival crevicular fluid sampled from specific sites as a biofluid for diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of periodontal diseases. The present review aimed to provide up-to-date information on potential diagnostic biomarkers with utility that can be assayed from gingival crevicular fluid samples, focusing on what is new and useful and providing only general historic background textually and in a tabulated format
Implementation of AI-based detection systems for securing Internet of Things (IoT) contexts
Get PDFThis research utilizes six algorithms, with four originating, from the field of machine
learning (ElasticNet, Extra Trees, GBC and RF) and the other two from learning (LSTM and
GRU). According to the studys findings ElasticNet emerges as the performer in terms of
both accuracy and computational efficiency outshining GRU and LSTM models in terms of
time efficiency. However, when it comes to precision, recall and F1 score evaluation the
LSTM model surpasses the GRU model. Particularly noteworthy is LSTMs superior training
efficiency compared to GRU. The choice between LSTM and GRU depends on factors such
as the nature of the problem at hand characteristics of the dataset used and available
computing resources. In terms of performance both LSTM and GRU models demonstrate
levels of accuracy, recall, precision and F1 score with an approximate value of 97%.
Amongst all the models examined in this research study stands out Random Forest algorithm
– an machine learning technique that combines multiple decision trees for making
predictions. This model exhibits performance across accuracy metrics well as recall,
precision and F1 score measurements. Additionally the Random Forest model showcases
efficiency in both training time and prediction time which makes it an appealing choice for
achieving a balance, between performance level achieved and computational efficiency. The
Extra Trees algorithm also performs well in terms of accuracy and other evaluation measures
although it requires longer training times compared to Random Forest. However, its
efficiency remains significant. Although the Gradient Boosting Classifier demonstrates
classification accuracy it does require an amount of training time compared to other
classifiers. When considering the trade off, between cost and performance improvement the
importance of performance becomes crucial. A comparative analysis with research highlights the performance of the algorithm set proposed in this study. These models show
promise, for generalization and testing using data sources potentially enhancing intrusion
detection procedures
Numerical investigation of nanofluid-based flow behavior and convective heat transfer using helical screw
Get PDFA multitude of industrial and residential customers have utilized heat transfer devices for heat conversion and recovery. For the last fifty years, engineers have diligently endeavored to refine a heat exchanger design that reduces energy use without compromising efficiency. Most techniques for enhancing heat transfer operate by either augmenting the effective heat transfer surface area or inducing turbulence, hence reducing thermal resistance. This work utilized CFD to model Al2O3 and CuO nanoparticles inside the adsorber tube of a parabolic solar collector with N=1 and N=2 turbulators at Re of 20000, 60000, and 100000, respectively, with a turbulence intensity of 5%. The turbulence intensity was determined to be 5% of the total energy of the particles. The inclusion of nanoparticles in the base fluid enhances heat conduction. Consequently, nanofluids are viable options for alternate heat transmission mechanisms. Torsional turbulator models with N=2 have a higher output temperature (Temp) than those with N=1 due to the elevated practical heat level of the N=2 models. The intake temp is elevated from 35 to 46 degrees Celsius due to the existence of CuO nanoparticles in the adjacent turbulator adsorber tubes. The Reynolds number (Re) consistently increases the Nusselt number (Nu). Furthermore, the Nu indicates a higher quantity of CuO nanoparticle models compared to Al2O3 nanoparticle models. Furthermore, CuO nanoparticles exhibit superior efficacy compared to Al2O3 in pressure reduction. In comparison to the N=2 dual-turbulator mode, the N=1 single-turbulator mode exhibits a 34% increase in conflict. Pressure loss coefficients are higher for devices including two turbulators. Across a broad spectrum of Re, the thermal PEC for N=2 models exceeded that of N=1 models by 12 percentage points. CuO nanofluid receivers have better efficacy compared to Al2O3 receivers in the conversion of solar energy into thermal energy. The two-turbulator model, operating at a Re of 100000 and using CuO nanoparticles, attains optimal thermal efficiency. The factor of friction decreases with increasing Re, with Water N=1 showing higher frictional losses than Water N=2, indicating greater turbulence and resistance