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The impact of Russian Ukrainian war on the Turkish economy gaz deal
No full textThe unsophisticated spectator frequently considers the Russian-Ukrainian war as a war
between two nations solely. This caricatured picture derives from the difficulties of
grasping the depth of the impact of conflicts on adjacent nations in particular and the world
in general. In a broad sense, conflict between two countries impacts the entire globe and
adjacent countries. One of the key factors in deciding how to handle and react to this
impact is economics. This leads us to the Turkish response to the Russian-Ukrainian War,
which was manifested in several agreements, the most significant of which was the gas
deal between Russia and Türkiye. The main objective of this thesis is to shed light on the
Turkish-Russian gas agreement, analyze it according to geopolitical theory, and study its
pros and cons to reach an objective understanding of the agreement, in terms of the
economy. On the one hand, the agreement has favorable characteristics that drive the
Turkish economy ahead to become a focus in the field of gas. On the other hand, it
includes bad aspects that inhibit the beneficial impacts on the Turkish economy. After
these factors are investigated, we will be able to identify suggestions and guidance that will
assist in overcoming the challenges facing the Turkish economy. It is important to mention
that this thesis covers the time from the beginning of the war on 24 February 2022 until 01
September 2023.Tecrübesiz seyirci, Rusya-Ukrayna savaşını sıklıkla yalnızca iki ulus arasındaki bir savaş
olarak görüyor. Bu karikatürize tablo, çatışmaların özelde komşu ülkeler ve genel olarak
dünya üzerindeki etkisinin derinliğini kavramanın zorluklarından kaynaklanmaktadır.
Geniş anlamda iki ülke arasındaki çatışmalar tüm dünyayı ve komşu ülkeleri
etkilemektedir. Bu etkiyle nasıl başa çıkılacağına ve buna nasıl tepki verileceği kararına
karar vermedeki temel faktörlerden biri ekonomidir. Bu bizi, Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı'na
Türkiye'nin verdiği tepkiye götürüyor; bu, çeşitli anlaşmalarda da kendini gösteriyor;
bunlardan en önemlisi, Rusya ile Türkiye arasındaki gaz anlaşması. Bu tezin temel amacı,
Türk-Rus gaz anlaşmasına ışık tutmak, onu jeopolitik teoriye göre analiz etmek ve
anlaşmanın ekonomik açıdan objektif bir anlayışına ulaşmak için artılarını ve eksilerini
incelemektir. Anlaşma bir yandan Türkiye ekonomisini gaz alanında odak noktası olmaya
itecek olumlu nitelikler taşıyor. Öte yandan Türkiye ekonomisine olumlu etki yapmasını
engelleyen kötü yönleri de içeriyor. Bu faktörler incelendikten sonra Türkiye ekonomisinin
karşılaştığı zorlukların aşılmasına yardımcı olacak öneri ve yönlendirmeleri
belirleyebileceğiz. Bu tezin savaşın başladığı 24 Şubat 2022 tarihinden 01 Eylül 2023
tarihine kadar olan süreyi kapsadığını da belirtmekte fayda var
Compressed stabilized laterite bricks (CSLBs) as a sustainable means of affordable housing in Nigeria
No full textThis thesis examines the potential of compressed stabilized laterite bricks towards
developing a sustainable means of delivering affordable housing in Nigeria. The study
provides input into this discourse for solving the vexing challenges of housing in the country
through an analysis of CSLB properties, availability, and environmental benefits, in
comparison with conventional building materials like sandcrete hollow blocks. This will be
added to the literature review, case studies, and occupancy comfort simulations that all prove
the CSLB process is economically viable, environmentally sustainable, and has occupant
comfort advantages. The results show a price difference of about 15% that goes to the side
of CSLB compared to SHB outlining its potential to provide quality but low-cost housing.
This study is focused on key comfort parameters based on occupancy comfort examinations,
specifically relative humidity, air temperature, radiant temperature, operative temperature,
discomfort hours, and outside dry-bulb temperature, with a series of simulations and data
analyses. Generally, SHB showed higher temperatures of the air, radiant, and operative in
comparison to CSLB, whose temperature ranges were 36.44°C-45.80°C for SHB and
31.83°C-39.72°C for CSLB. However, CSLB demonstrates lower relative humidity levels
ranging from 22.15% to 65.62% compared to SHB, which range from 15.54% to 53.47%.
The study in general concludes that CSLB represents a transformative solution to address
housing challenges, offering a pathway to inclusive and robust communities in Nigeria.Bu tez, Nijerya'da uygun fiyatlı konut için sürdürülebilir bir araç olarak sıkıştırılmış stabilize
laterit tuğlaların (CSLB) potansiyelini araştırıyor. Çalışma, CSLB'nin özelliklerini,
bulunabilirliğini ve çevresel faydalarını kumbeton boşluklu bloklar (SHB) gibi geleneksel
yapı malzemeleriyle karşılaştırarak inceleyerek ülkedeki acil konut sorunlarını ele alıyor.
Literatür taraması, vaka çalışmaları ve kullanım konforu simülasyonlarının bir
kombinasyonu yoluyla araştırma, CSLB'nin ekonomik uygulanabilirliğini, çevresel
sürdürülebilirliğini ve bina sakinlerinin konfor avantajlarını ortaya koyuyor. Bulgular, SHB
ile karşılaştırıldığında CSLB lehine %15'e varan bir maliyet farkını ortaya koyuyor ve
kaliteden ödün vermeden uygun fiyatlı konut çözümleri sunma potansiyelini vurguluyor. Bir
dizi simülasyon ve veri analizi yoluyla yapılan doluluk konfor incelemelerine dayanan bu
çalışma, bağıl nem, hava sıcaklığı, radyant sıcaklık, çalışma sıcaklığı, rahatsızlık saatleri ve
dış kuru termometre sıcaklığı dahil olmak üzere temel konfor parametrelerini inceliyor.
Bulgular, SHB'nin genellikle CSLB'ye kıyasla daha yüksek hava, ışınım ve çalışma
sıcaklıkları sergilediğini, sıcaklıkların SHB için 36,44°C ila 45,80°C ve CSLB için 31,83°C
ila 39,72°C arasında değiştiğini ortaya koyuyor. Ancak CSLB, %15,54 ila %53,47 arasında
değişen SHB'ye kıyasla %22,15 ila %65,62 arasında değişen daha düşük bağıl nem
seviyeleri sergiliyor. Çalışma genel olarak CSLB'nin konut sorunlarına yönelik
dönüştürücü bir çözüm sunduğu ve Nijerya'da kapsayıcı ve güçlü topluluklara giden bir yol
sunduğu sonucuna varıyor
Gross deletion in KIF11: A de novo occurrence
No full text...Funding agency : Scientific Research Projects Coordination Units of Istanbul University
Grant number : TDK-2023-3985
The impact of employee engagement on organizational performance in non-profit organizations in Iraq
No full textThis thesis examines the impact of employee engagement on organizational performance
in non-profit organizations in Iraq. Utilizing a quantitative research design, the study
explored how dimensions of engagement—vigor, dedication, and absorption—correlate
with performance outcomes in a context marked by unique challenges due to sociopolitical instability. Data were collected through surveys administered to employees of
various non-profit organizations in Baghdad and analyzed using statistical methods to test
the influence of each engagement dimension. The findings indicate that vigor and
dedication significantly enhance organizational performance, while absorption does not
show a similar effect. These results suggest that even within Iraq's turbulent environment,
fostering employee engagement can lead to better organizational outcomes. The study
contributes to the literature by contextualizing employee engagement within the Iraqi nonprofit sector and offers practical implications for managers to enhance workforce
engagement in support of improved performance. Future research might explore cultural
impacts on engagement and expand into qualitative analyses to deepen understanding of
the engagement-performance nexus in similar environments.Bu tez, Irak'taki kar amacı gütmeyen kuruluşlarda çalışan bağlılığının örgütsel performans
üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Nicel bir araştırma tasarımı kullanan bu çalışma, sosyopolitik istikrarsızlıktan kaynaklanan benzersiz zorlukların damgasını vurduğu bir bağlamda
katılım boyutlarının (güç, adanmışlık ve kendini kaptırma) performans sonuçlarıyla nasıl
ilişkili olduğunu araştırdı. Bağdat'taki çeşitli kar amacı gütmeyen kuruluşların çalışanlarına
uygulanan anketler yoluyla veriler toplandı ve her bir bağlılık boyutunun etkisini test
etmek için istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edildi. Bulgular, gayret ve
adanmışlığın kurumsal performansı önemli ölçüde artırdığını, ancak kendini kaptırmanın
benzer bir etki göstermediğini göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, Irak'ın çalkantılı ortamında
bile çalışanların katılımını teşvik etmenin daha iyi kurumsal sonuçlara yol açabileceğini
gösteriyor. Çalışma, Irak'ın kar amacı gütmeyen sektöründeki çalışan katılımını
bağlamsallaştırarak literatüre katkıda bulunuyor ve iyileştirilmiş performansı desteklemek
amacıyla yöneticilere işgücü katılımını artırmaya yönelik pratik çıkarımlar sunuyor.
Gelecekteki araştırmalar, katılım üzerindeki kültürel etkileri araştırabilir ve benzer
ortamlarda katılım-performans ilişkisinin anlaşılmasını derinleştirmek için niteliksel
analizlere genişleyebilir
Analytical study: Enhancement and segmentation of blood vessels in retinal image channels using digital image processing techniques and morphological processes
No full textThis dissertation introduces a new approach for enhancing and segmenting retinal image
channels that include blood vessels, by utilising a combination of the Grasshopper
Optimisation Algorithm (GOA) and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalisation
(CLAHE). The main objective of this research is to establish a benchmark for accurate vessel
localization by quantifying the proximity between the algorithm's predicted optic disc centre
and the manually specified centre. The approach is deemed effective if it can accurately
determine the location of the optic disc within a radius less than the optic disc's own radius.
The recommended approach has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness, with a success rate
of 95% and accurately identifying the optic disc in 19 out of 20 pictures from the Structured
Analysis of the Retina (STARE) dataset. The algorithm's predictions had an average
discrepancy of 9.5 compared to human selections. The technique successfully identified
retinal vessels in all 40 photographs from the Digital Retinal photos for Vessel Extraction
(DRIVE) dataset. The publicly accessible datasets were thoroughly evaluated using the
precise implementation of the approach in MATLAB 2022a. The results of this study
demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating CLAHE and GOA techniques for retinal image
processing. The dissertation showcases the effectiveness of the suggested method in
improving and segmenting blood vessels in retinal images. This is achieved by providing detailed visual representations and discussing the optimal parameter selections.
Additionally, we demonstrate the operational functionality of the GOA algorithm in practical
scenarios, emphasising its computational efficacy in detecting vessels. This work facilitates
the development of more advanced clinical analysis of retinal images and significantly
enhances the field of medical imaging as a whole, with a specific focus on ophthalmology
Adherence to the antirheumatic drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textIntroduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the adherence rate for conventional and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) utilizing different assessment measures.
Method: A systematic literature search was performed in four electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), covering the time frame from April 1970 to April 2023. Studies that present data on medication adherence among adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), specifically focusing on DMARDs (conventional or biological), were included in the analysis. The adherence rate for different assessment measures was documented and compared, as well as for conventional and biological DMARDs. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to assess adherence rates across different adherence assessment measures and drug groups.
Results: The search identified 8,480 studies, out of which 66 were finally included in the analysis. The studies included in this meta-analysis had adherence rates ranging from 12 to 98.6%. Adherence rates varied across several adherent measures and calculation methods. Using the subjective assessment measures yielded the outcomes in terms of adherence rate: 64.0% [0.524, 95% CI 0.374-0.675] for interviews and 60.0% [0.611, 95% CI 0.465-0.758] for self-reported measures (e.g., compliance questionnaires on rheumatology CQR-5), p > 0.05. In contrast, the objective measurements indicated a lower adherence rate of 54.4% when using the medication event monitoring system (p > 0.05). The recorded rate of adherence to biological DMARDs was 45.3% [0.573, 95% CI 0.516-0.631], whereas the adherence rate for conventional DMARDs was 51.5% [0.632, 95% CI 0.537-0.727], p > 0.05. In the meta-regression analysis, the covariate "Country of origin" shows a statistically significant (p = 0.003) negative effect with a point estimate of -0.36, SE (0.12), 95% CI, -0.61 to -0.12.
Discussion: Despite its seemingly insignificant factors that affect the adherence rate, this meta-analysis reveals variation in adherence rate within the types of studies conducted, the methodology used to measure adherence, and for different antirheumatic drugs. Further research is needed to validate the findings of this meta-analysis before applying them to clinical practice and scientific research. In order to secure high reliability of adherence studies, compliance with available reporting guidelines for medication adherence research is more than advisable
The utilization of different AI methods-based satellite communications: a survey
No full textThe potential for service continuity across uncovered and under-covered regions, service ubiquity, and service scalability are all offered by Satellite Communication (SC) for the recent decade. However, to take advantage of these benefits, it is necessary to address several obstacles first. This is because the management of resource, control and security of network, the efficient utilization of spectrum, and efficient utilization of satellite-based communication networks are more difficult to accomplish than those of Terrestrial Networks (TNs). Thereby, Artificial Intelligence (AI), which encompasses Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and Reinforcement Learning (RL), has been continuously expanding as an area of study and has shown good outcomes in a variety of applications, including wireless communication. As a consequence of this, several publications put forth a variety of algorithmic solutions to the problem involving the management of various applications for SCs. Such an algorithm will employ various DL methods to improve the effectiveness of SCs. As a consequence of this, the aim of this paper is to provide an exhaustive overview of the utilization of various AI methods for a broad aspect of SCs. Following this, a general overview of the most recent details related to various AI methods and their related classifications will be presented. In addition, the study provides a summary of the many bodies of research that apply AI-based approaches to the resolution of satellite-related problems. In addition to this, AI may also be used to spot trends in satellite traffic and utilize bandwidth more effectively, making better use of the resources
Trusted cloud-based re-encryption scheme for mobile devices
No full textRecently, interest in the field of cloud computing has increased, as its use is constantly
increasing. Therefore, its spread around the world is also growing rapidly and continuously.
The reason for this is that it can provide all the software and hardware that customers need
easily and quickly through the Internet, with the ability to develop easily according to the
desires of customers. But with all this increasing growth, there are security concerns about
relying on cloud computing, and these security concerns are related to confidentiality and
integrity. In this work, we will address one of these security problems, which is how to
maintain the confidentiality of data while it is transferred from one customer to another
through applications based on cloud computing, and that is through re-encryption
techniques, which are considered one of the important techniques that help in preserving
data security. So the overall goal of this work is to make it possible for third parties to create
privacy preservation systems so that users of cloud computing services can continuously use
these services without worrying about data security
Investigation of the effect of adding nitrogen on the torque generated by a four- cylinder engine
No full textThe goal of this study is to investigate the impact of adding nitrogen gas (N2) to diesel
engines. It primarily aims to look at the various characteristics of nitrogen gas and how they
could affect combustion processes and emissions. The study utilizes computational fluid
dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze the influence of nitrogen gas concentration on the
combustion efficiency, emissions, and performance of a compression-ignition diesel engine.
The findings demonstrate that the dynamics of combustion are significantly impacted by the
addition of nitrogen gas, changing patterns of temperature and pressure. As a result, the
cylinder's maximum pressure, rate of heat release, and ignition delay are all variable.
Additionally, the research examines the effects of nitrogen gas on emissions, particularly on
particulate matter and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions (PM). By lowering peak combustion
temperatures and reducing the amount of oxygen available, nitrogen gas has the potential to
cut NOx emissions. However, because nitrogen content affects particulate matter (PM)
emissions, both mitigation and exacerbation are possible. This work opens the door for
further empirical investigation and technological breakthroughs by highlighting the
relevance of nitrogen gas addition as a viable technique for improving the efficiency and
cleanliness of diesel engines. This study assesses the impact of nitrogen gas concentration
on the velocity of a mixture entering a combustion chamber. The mass flow rate and flow
velocity are positively correlated, with the flow reaching its maximum at 7.96 m/s at a mass
flow rate of 0.00015 kg/s and 7.85 m/s at 0.00025 kg/s. The crankshaft deforms more rapidly
as the engine's rotational speed rises. At 1800 RPM, 2200 RPM, and 2600 RPM,
respectively, the deformation values are particularly identified. The deformation and pressure applied to the crankshaft are affected by nitrogen gas concentrations. The
deformation values can be seen at a ratio of 0.1 mole per 1 mole of diesel. The study
discovers that when nitrogen gas concentrations increase, temperature drops, since nitrogen
gas largely reduces engine temperature. The stress experienced by the crankshaft is
proportional to the engine's rotational speed and the concentration of nitrogen gas.
Deformation values increase at 1800 RPM and 2200 RPM, indicating fluctuating pressures
in the internal combustion chamber due to the correlation between mass flow rate and
crankshaft deformation