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Big databases and biobanks for studying the links between CKD, cognitive impairment, and dementia
No full textResearch on cognitive function in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is critical due to the significant public health challenge posed by both CKD and cognitive impairment. CKD affects approximately 10-15% of the adult population, with higher prevalence in the elderly, who are already at increased risk for cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment is notably higher in CKD patients, particularly those with severe stages of the disease, and progresses more rapidly in those on dialysis. This review explores how data from large biobank studies such as the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, UK Biobank, and others could be used to enhance understanding the progression and interplay between CKD and cognitive decline. Each of these data sources has specific strengths and limitations. Strengths include large sample sizes and longitudinal data across different groups, and in different settings. Addressing limitations leads to challenges in dealing with heterogeneous data collection methods, and addressing missing data, which requires the use of sophisticated statistical techniques. Combining data from multiple databases can mitigate individual study limitations, particularly via the 'epidemiological triangulation' concept. Using such data appropriately holds immense potential to better understand the pathobiology underlying CKD and cognitive impairment. Addressing the inherent challenges with a clear strategy is crucial for advancing our understanding and improving the lives of those affected by both CKD and cognitive impairment.Funding agency: European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST
Grant number: CA1912
Genome resequencing and comparative analysis of Streptococcus mutans in adults with high and low caries risk
No full textStreptococcus mutans, is considered the main microbial etiological agent of dental caries, therefore it has been proposed as a useful predictor of caries risk as well as a target for caries prevention strategies. We aimed to compare the genomic characteristics of S. mutans strains isolated from individuals with high and low caries risk, in order to determine their genotypic features related to dental caries in adults. A total of 25 S. mutans isolates, obtained from the saliva of 13 volunteers with high dental caries activity and 12 caries-free individuals, were analysed using whole-genome sequencing techniques. A total of 2904 protein-coding gene sequences were detected as a result of the pan-genome analysis. The number of core genes detected in all genomes sequenced in the study was found to be 1563. A total of 50584 mutations were detected using ATCC 25175 strain as a reference. This is a large genome dataset of 25 S. mutans strains which can be further used for all S. mutans genome analysis
Yolov11x Vs. Retinanet: Deep Learning Models for Coronary Blockage Detection and Streamlit-Enabled Diagnosis
No full textStenosis and other cardiovascular diseases continue to be a primary global concern. This paper compares both YOLOv11 and RetinaNet for the task of stenosis detection in cardiac imaging. For our experiments, YOLOv11 was trained in its variants () and the best model selected was YOLOv11x after multiple epochs. For comparison purposes, RetinaNet was also trained under the aforementioned conditions. Evaluation metrics consisted of precision, Recall, mAP@50, mAP@50-90, F1 score, GFLOPs, inference time, and number of parameters. YOLOv11x surpassed RetinaNet's results with precision, recall, and F1 score of , and 0.98, respectively, mAP @ 50 0.98 and mAP@50-90 0.84, while RetinaNet got 0.971, 0.979, 0.97, 0.938 and 0.521 respectively. Despite fewer parameters, YOLOv11x provided more accurate results and faster speed than RetinaNet. Moreover, the best model was added to an interactive diagnostic system implemented in Streamlit, enabling users to upload images and receive immediate feedback, which emphasizes the value of this model in real-world clinical settings. This study offers guidance on model selection for real-time cardiac diagnostics
Lightweight Authentication Modelling for Securing for Edge Based Smart Grid Communication Using Deep Belief Networks
No full textIn a world increasingly dependent on electric power grids, the reliability and security of both low-voltage and mid-voltage networks have become a crucial concern. The advent of decentralized energy resources and smart devices have rendered traditional intrusion detection methods inadequate. Here we show the development of a deep learning method without supervision by using such wide data as the FiN (fuel in network) article gives. There is a combination of different technologies utilized to sense signals - SNR ratios and operational data - that enable our convolutional autoencoder network to receive both the specific and larger picture of the network guarding against invasions. A simplified model is confronted with a sophisticated model to ascertain the convergence of our strategy, which may open space to a world of grid monitoring outfitted with bolstered monitoring systems
IMPACT OF CLINICAL PHARMACISTS ON ACHIEVING STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS GOALS: A NON-RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
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Policy, Standards, and Regulations for Sustainable Internet of Vehicles: Navigating the Future of Smart Mobility
No full textThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV) represents a transformative shift in smart mobility, integrating connected and autonomous vehicles with intelligent infrastructure. However, achieving a sustainable IoV ecosystem necessitates robust policies, standards, and regulations to address ethical, and legal challenges. This chapter explores the regulatory frameworks governing IoV sustainability, including emission controls, energy efficiency mandates, and circular economy principles. It examines ethical and legal dimensions, such as liability in autonomous systems, data protection laws, and cybersecurity protocols. Additionally, it highlights international standardization efforts and policy strategies to balance technological innovation with socio-economic and environmental sustainability. By analyzing existing regulatory gaps, the chapter provides actionable insights for policymakers and researchers. A harmonized regulatory approach is critical to fostering sustainable, efficient, and ethically responsible IoV ecosystem, ensuring long-term resilience and equitable access to smart mobility
Does Developmental Timing Matter? Comparative Analysis of Day 5 and Day 6 Euploid Blastocyst Transfers in Recurrent Implantation Failure Patients
Get PDFBackground/Objectives: The timing of blastocyst formation is an important factor in in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. While many studies have shown similar pregnancy rates for euploid blastocyst transfers occurring on day 5 or 6, controversy remains, especially regarding patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). This study aimed to evaluate whether day 5 (D5) and day 6 (D6) euploid blastocysts differ in terms of the clinical outcomes achieved after frozen-thawed euploid embryo transfer, with subgroup analysis by maternal age in RIF patients. Methods: This retrospective analysis included a cohort of 514 patients who experienced RIF, categorized into two distinct groups: the initial group consisting of individuals who underwent embryo biopsy on day 5 (n = 456 euploid transfers) and the subsequent group comprising patients who underwent biopsy on day 6 (n = 58 euploid transfers) following ovum retrieval. These groups were utilized based on the completion of blastocyst development and the eventual pregnancy outcomes after the first post-frozen-thawed euploid embryo transfer confirmed by PGT-A. Results: Out of the total cohort of 514 RIF patients, 472 individuals were younger than 40 years of age, representing 91.8% of the sample population. The IVF process yielded successful positive pregnancy outcomes in 85.4% of the cases (439 out of 514)., and there was no statistically significant difference in maternal ages between the day 5 and day 6 biopsy cohorts (p = 0.286). The proportion of successful clinical pregnancies per transfer was markedly higher among those who underwent biopsy on day 5 in comparison to those subjected to biopsy on day 6 (79.2% vs. 58.6%, p = 0.002). In patients aged 35 years and younger who underwent biopsy on day 5, the rates of successful clinical pregnancy outcomes were superior to those who underwent biopsy on day 6 (79.8% vs. 56.5% p = 0.016). In individuals older than 35 years of age, no significant discrepancies in clinical pregnancy rates were observed between the two groups. Conclusions: Day 6 euploid embryo transfer was associated with lower clinical pregnancy rates per transfer compared with those on day 5, particularly in patients younger than 35 years of age. In women >= 35 years of age, outcomes did not differ significantly. These outcomes suggest that developmental timing interacts with maternal age in determining clinical outcomes. Further prospective studies with larger and more balanced cohorts are needed to confirm these findings
INSIGHTS INTO SEASONAL INFLUENZA VACCINATION AMONG HEALTH SCIENCE STUDENTS: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BARRIERS
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Exhaled Breath Analysis Using Infrared Spectroscopy Combined With Machine Learning Algorithms for Lung Cancer Diagnosis
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SOLIDARITY-BASED WOMEN COOPERATIVES AS CO-WORKING SPACES IN ISTANBUL
No full textCo-working has become popular among knowledge workers and independent contractors as a means of devising alternative ways of work. Accordingly, women cooperatives, which have prioritized the development of socio-economic conditions of women, have started providing workspaces for their members. Thus, to illustrate how solidarity-based women cooperatives provide alternative co-working solutions, we developed a multi-case study. Our work includes three cooperatives from the city of Istanbul, Turkiye