Physical Education and Sport Through The Centuries (E-Journal)
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A DESCRIPTIVE AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ADMISSION TESTS FOR THE MOUNTAIN RESCUE CORPS OF THE GUARDIA CIVIL (SPAIN)
No full textThe Mountain Rescue and Intervention Group (GREIM) of the Spanish Civil Guard plays a critical role in ensuring safety and conducting rescues in mountainous terrains. Established to address the specific demands of rescues in inaccessible and high-altitude areas, GREIM members require exceptional physical and technical preparation. This study provides a descriptive and comparative analysis of the GREIM admission tests, evaluating their rigor and comparing them to similar tests in other specialized rescue units. The primary aim of this research is to analyze the results of the GREIM admission tests and compare their type and level of demands with those of other rescue bodies and similar units. Data collection took place during the GREIM admission tests in March 2023. The GREIM tests are designed to select candidates with the necessary physical and technical skills to operate in extreme conditions. Compared to other specialized forces such as firemen and military units, the GREIM tests are more exhaustive, incorporating unique elements like climbing and navigation in difficult terrains. This ensures that GREIM members are prepared for the high physical demands of mountain rescues, where both physical and psychological resilience are critical. Overall, this study highlights the high level of physical and technical demand of the GREIM admission tests. The comprehensive preparation required for these tests underscores their alignment with the requirements of other specialized mountain rescue units internationally, ensuring the selection of highly capable and prepared candidates for mountain rescue operations. This comparative analysis reveals a convergence in the standards of these demanding assessments, adapted to the specific operational environments of each rescue unit
FOOTBALL LIFE IN NIŠ DURING THE GERMAN OCCUPATION 1941-1944. YEARS
Get PDFEvery end is also a new beginning. Therefore, football as a part of the social milieu, with the collapse of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, finds a way to position itself in the community in new conditions and circumstances in Serbia. Immediately after the military collapse of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the first matches began to be played. Interestingly, the initiator of those meetings was the German army. This was the case in Serbia, but also in Niš, where football was played in an organized manner from 1942 to the fall of 1944
SPORT AS A WAY OF EXISTENCE
Get PDFThis paper attempts to establish a connection between the totality of the world and a certain manifest forms of practice (in this case – sport). It starts with the question of the meaning of human existence with a emphasis on its theological understanding, where sport is not seen in insolation from other spheres of earthly existence, in which by remaining God, the axiological foundation of total life is lost. Because contemporary sport is not Just an idyllic image of harmonizing positive relationships between individuals, families und society. Therefore, its study should be approached as an ambivalent category, where the primary goal is seen in terms of improving human health and nurturing his optimistic philosophy, but at the same time, other goals must be taken into account, such as: social prestige, reputation and fame. Goals such as money, as well as various other forms of negative influence should be placed at the end or even nowhere on this list.
So, the presented premises lead us in continuity from the theological understanding of existence to the true meaning of earthly life, where engaging in physical exercise, sports and recreation is linked to a healthy und quality life (meaning moderate engagement in these activities) but all the negatives offered by contemporary professional sport (as a form of its own kind of stress) end its connection to international politics and business must be taken into account
LOCOMOTOR INJURIES IN COMBAT SPORTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFoai:ojs2.phedss.fsfv-pr.rs:article/1The aim of this research was to analyze locomotor injuries in combat sports based on a systematic review of previous studies. The sample consisted of martial arts athletes (judo, karate, wrestling, kickboxing and taekwondo) of both sexes, aged 11-49 years. Survey questionnaires and medical reports were used as measuring instruments for assessing injuries in the research. The found data, presented numerically and in percentages, were used for further analysis. The results of this research show that the characteristics of injuries of the locomotor system in martial arts usually do not depend on the sex of the respondents. There is a higher frequency of injuries in competitions and lower in training (except for under-18s). The most common locations of injuries (head and neck, extremities and joints), types of injuries (contusions, bruises and fractures), and severity of injuries (mild, moderate, or severe) depended on the characteristics of martial arts (sports techniques, tactics, physical and mental fitness, etc.). By applying additional methods, by improving physical preparation that is adequately dosed with the improvement of technical and tactical elements, injuries to athletes could be prevented
EFFECT OF DRY- STRENGTH TRAINING ON SWIMMING ABILITIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
No full textThe aim of this study was to consolidate as many of these studies as possible and draw a general conclusion about the effects of additional strength and conditioning training training on dry land on swimming performance and swimming ability. Accordingly, 16 studies were analyzed. Of that number, 14 studies looked at the direct effect of additional dryland strength training on swimming performance. One of them examined the effect of additional strength training on dry land on the swimming abilities of Paralympic swimmers. Of the remaining 2 studies, one study examined the effect of additional dryland strength training on swimming turns, while the other examined the effect of additional dryland strength training on starting blocks. As a general conclusion of the study, we conclude that additional strength training on dry land has a positive effect on swimming abilities, regardless of variable factors in terms of the type of training, age, gender and swimming level of the subject, if it is properly designed and implemented in practice. This conclusion came from the results of 12 analyzed studies in which a statistically significant improvement in swimming performance was recorded. In the 4 remaining studies, there was also a tendency to improve swimming performance or an improvement in some of the swimming abilities, but this improvement in performance was not statistically significant, or the improvement in ability did not lead to an improvement in the final swimming performance
THE POSTURAL STATUS OF ARCHERS' FOOT ARCH IN CORRELATION WITH THEIR COMPETITIVE DISCIPLINE AND GENDER
No full textThe objective of this study was to assess variations in the arch status of the foot among 99 participants in the senior championship of Serbia in sports shooting, held in Niš in 2021, with a focus on their respective disciplines and gender. The Pedic podoscope instrument from Hungary, along with relevant software, was utilized to determine the postural status of the foot arch. Results revealed that among the 99 subjects, 40 (40.4%) exhibited a normal foot arch, 53 (53.5%) had flat feet, and six (6.1%) had hollow feet. In the air pistol discipline, 36% of the 25 male participants had a normal foot arch, while 64% had flat feet. Among the 16 female participants in the same discipline, 43.8% had a normal foot arch, and 53.3% had flat feet. In the rifle discipline, 34.6% of the 26 male participants had a normal foot arch, 50% had flat feet, and 15.4% had hollow feet. For female participants in the rifle discipline, 46.9% had a normal foot arch, 46.9% had flat feet, and 6.3% had a hollow foot. Statistical analysis indicated no significant gender differences in the air pistol (sig=.620) and air rifle disciplines (sig=.426). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in postural deviations of the foot arch among subjects practicing air pistol and rifle disciplines of both genders (sig=.082). The findings underscore the importance of addressing foot arch posture concerns among archers of diverse genders and disciplines through preventive and corrective measures
PROFILE OF THE PHYSICAL STATUS OF STUDENTS AT THE ACADEMY FOR NATIONAL SECURITY: INITIAL MODELING
Get PDF This study aimed to investigate the morphological characteristics of male and female students at the Academy for National Security. The sample consisted of 54 healthy first and second-year students, including 41 males (age: 19.83 ± 0.74 yrs.; body height: 181.01 ± 7.26 cm; body mass: 76.77 ± 8.90 kg) and 12 females (age: 19.62 ± 0.65 yrs., body height: 169.72 ± 4.20 cm; body mass: 68.65 ± 8.91 kg). All measurements were performed during the academic year 2023-2024 at the Methodological Research Laboratory (MIL) at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Belgrade. The measurement of body composition was carried out using multisegmental bioelectrical impedance, using the device: "InBody 720“. Six body composition variables were analyzed: Body Mass Index (BMI), Percent of Body Fat Mass (PBF), Percent of Skeletal Muscle Mass (PSMM), Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (SMMI), Fat Mass index (FMI) and Protein Fat Index (PFI). The values obtained for all variables were processed using basic descriptive statistics. The results showed that the mean BMI of male and female students was 23.41 ± 2.21 kg·m-2and 23.82 ± 2.89 kg·m-2, PBF was 13.32 ± 4.06 % and 29.94 ± 5.02 %, PSMM was 49.38 ± 2.91 % and 38.72 ± 2.98 %, SMMI was 11.53 ± 1.00 kg·m-2and 9.17 ± 0.84 kg·m-2, FMI was 3.15 kg·m-2and 7.24 kg·m-2, PFI was 1.51 ± 0.73 and 0.48 ± 0.12. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the current morphological status of students at the Academy for National Security falls within the category of the population with average anthropometric and morphological status of students at the University of Belgrade, with females having a higher percentage of body fat, exceeding the biological maximum for females
SPORT AND LIFE THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE OLYMPIC SPIRIT AND CHRISTIAN VALUES
Get PDFThrough the contemporary context of social, economic and political crises that are engulfed the world, as well as globally imposed value systems, the authors emphasize in this paper the importance of Christian values and the Olympic spirit in fostering both authentic identities, as well as preserving the unity of life on Earth. Value placed in the focus of this work is a constant human improvement through the sport and through the life in general by comparing Olympic motto "Citius, Altius, Fortius", with Christian values (forgiveness, love, mercy, tolerance, solidarity, modesty and others) whose source is the Gospel. Such a foundation gives society a greater chance to be successful, and sport and life follow the same meaningful direction – nurturing a spiritually and physically healthy individual. The comparative method, the historical method, and the method of content analysis are used as a methodological base of this work. This paper follows the genesis of the Olympic Games from antiquity to modern times, and sets research question: to what extent are the Olympic spirit and Christian values threatened in the 21st century? Authors make use of various connections between the Olympic spirit and Christian values, to promote high ethical and moral standards. Such standards are also part of best pedagogical practice. On the other hand, some negative trends in sports and life repeat themselves throughout history, leading us to opposite sides. Despite those regressive phenomena that divert society from the stable to fleeting, and from the eternal to the transient, examples of the exceptional personalities are discussed who stand for the lasting values in sport and life. Thanks to them, the Olympic flame as a symbol of the Olympic spirit keeps burning, along with the Blessed fire on Holy Saturday in Jerusalem
CONTRIBUTION OF SPORTS TO THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHILDHOOD, PREADOLESCENCE AND ADOLESCENCE
Get PDFThis paper analyzes physical activity as a scope for meeting the main needs and interests of children and young people, their problems of insufficient physical and sports activities and the impact of sports on social skills, communication, motivation and a positive self-image. Also, the paper discusses the influence of physical activity on cognitive development, psychosocial health and motor development of children, preadolescents and adolescents. The current lack of physical activity implies a relevant health challenge and a general social problem in our country and in the modern world. Through team work and interaction with peers, sport significantly contributes to the socialization of children and young people, whereby they develop social skills, cooperation and a sense of belonging to a social group. In addition, physical and sports activities affect the psychosocial development of children, as they enable them to express their emotions and face challenges, but also have a positive impact on their mental health, and on reducing stress, anxiety and depression. Sport is definitely a relevant factor for improving the quality of life of children, preadolescents and adolescents, because it motivates their proper development, social integration, personal growth and overall psychophysical development
THIRD LEVEL BASIC RUNNING TRAINING TOOLS FOR CLASSIC MOUNTAIN RUNNING IN A MODEL OF PREPARATION FOR “UP AND DOWNHILL” VARIANT - MACROSTRUCTURAL DISTRIBUTION
Get PDFThe article represents the distribution of the basic running training tools from the third level in the annual cycle of highly qualified racers in a preparation focused on classical mountain running in the variant "Up and Downhill". The research aims to define a principal annual model of distribution of the volume of the basic running training tools from the third level by weeks in a preparation for variation of racing„uphill and downhill“ in classic mountain running. The following methods were used: а) research of the weekly volume of the training tools within the framework of the separate mezzo-cycles in the macrostructure and b) variation analysis of the data received from the training tools explored. The results received show, that the biggest portion of the training workout is related tothe development of the sub-factor from the third level “basic endurance”. Running tools for “basic endurance” take 71% of the total annual volume. It appears to be the fundament, based on which the whole structure of the training is built. Running training means for the development of the "speed" sub-factor are two to three times greater in volume in the preparation period and during the early race stage compared to the main and late race stages and the transition period. The ratio of "base endurance" to "speed" run volume is about 32:1