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Formulation of a Local and Alternative Feed for Kuroilers in Local Areas of Kisoro District.
No full textThis study aimed to develop a local and alternative feed for Kuroilers using readily accessible and affordable materials to support poultry farmers in Kisoro District. The specific objectives were to identify the essential nutrients required for the proper and rapid growth of Kuroilers, determine locally available and cost-effective sources for these nutrients, and establish the optimal ratio for mixing feed materials to achieve improved outcomes at minimal cost. The study sought to enhance poultry farming sustainability and affordability, providing a practical solution for farmers in resource-constrained local areas
Impact of Small-Scale Businesses on Provision of Employment to Informal Labor Force in Kabale Municipality.
No full textThe study examined the impact of small-scale businesses on the provision of employment to the informal labor force in Kabale Municipality. It was guided by the following objectives; establishing the impact of small-scale businesses in the establishment on the creation of employment opportunities, examining the challenges limiting activities of the small-scale businesses to provide employment opportunities, and assessing the measures to the challenges hindering small-scale business operations in Kabale Municipality. The study was conducted in Kabale Municipality. Kabale is located in the Kabale District of the Kigezi sub-region. It is about 142 kilometers (88 mi) southwest of Mbarara, the largest city in the Western Region of Uganda. The study employed both exploratory and descriptive study design. The study also used a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection so as to explore and obtain viable data as regards the impact of small scale businesses on provision of employment to informal labor Force in Kabale Municipality. The study drew its population from employees and owners of these small-scale industries within Kabale Municipality. By the end of 2022, Kabale Municipality had a total of 23 small-scale industries, (Kabale Municipality Commercial Office, 2022). The study drew inferences from management (top, middle, and low levels), as well as other staff. Data analysis is the science of examining raw data with the purpose of drawing conclusions about that information. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis which majorly involved six major activities namely, data preparation, counting, grouping, relating, predicting, and statistical testing.
The study concluded that most business owners used their own savings as startup capital for their businesses, hence operating at a small level with a structural hierarchy of bosses and support staff. Thus, most businesses are tied-shop businesses with less than 5 employees. The study also concluded that most business owners faced challenges that hindered their business operations, such as taxes and other regulations. Problems in the context of acquiring licenses for registration and duplicating products have been attributed to competition. The study recommended that small-scale businesses employ professionals to manage their businesses. This will improve their performance since they will establish and strengthen internal controls regarding financial resources to reduce mismanagement and misappropriation. Small-scale business operators should widen their markets to reduce competition. This should be done by integrating market information into the planning process because marketing is the lifeblood of a competitive marketplace. It is driven by the needs and desires of customers in the production decisions
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anaemia in Pregnancy among Women Receiving Antenatal Care at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital
No full textBackground: Anaemia is widespread all over the world and is of public health significance. In pregnancy, it causes maternal and fetal complications. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of anaemia in pregnancy among women receiving antenatal care at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital over 4 months.
Pregnant women aged 15-49 years, of any gestational age were included through consecutive sampling. Demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric and nutritional data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy was the proportion of participants with anaemia. The Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between anaemia in pregnancy and the independent variables.
Results:
A total of 400 pregnant mothers were enrolled with a mean age of 26.9 (±5.8) years. The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy was 7.5 %( 95% CI: 5.3-10.5). At multivariate logistic regression, being aged 25-35 years ((aOR 5.67, 95% CI: (1.68 – 19.12) P-value: 0.005); having malaria in pregnancy ((aOR 4.35, 95% CI: (1.01 – 18.78) P-value: 0.049);, being undernourished((aOR 5.30, 95% CI: (1.03 – 27.18) P-value: 0.046); and having inadequate dietary diversity ((aOR 2.64, 95% CI: (1.08 – 6.47) P-value: 0.034) were independently associated with anaemia in pregnancy.
Conclusions and Recommendations:
This study revealed that about 1 in every 10 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at KRRH has anaemia. Anaemia in pregnancy likelihood is higher among those; aged 25-35 years, have malaria in pregnancy, are undernourished and have inadequate dietary diversity. It is recommended to emphasize efforts to prevent malaria among pregnant women, do nutrition education and community engagements on healthy nutrition for pregnant women, screen for anaemia among pregnant women aged 25-35 years and further studies to determine the type of anaemia among pregnant women
Community Participation and Fisheries Management in Western Uganda Case Study of Rwenshama Landing Site on Lake Edward.
No full textThe study examined the effect of community participation on fisheries management at Rwenshama landing site on Lake Edward, Western Uganda. The specific objectives were: to assess the level of community participation and fisheries management; to evaluate the contribution of community participation to the formulation and enforcement of fisheries bylaws; and to determine the extent of community involvement in the arbitration of fisheries conflicts. The study adopted a descriptive case study research design, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods. The population comprised 2,306 individuals, and the computed sample size was 370, including members of the Landing Site Management Board, staff, and site users. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview guides. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.
The results showed a moderate positive correlation between community participation and fisheries management, with r = 0.464, p < 0.001. Regression analysis revealed that community participation explained 21.5% of the variance in fisheries management (R² = 0.215), with an adjusted R² of 0.173. Each unit increase in community participation improved fisheries management by 0.278 units, as indicated by a standardized Beta coefficient of 0.278, with a significance level of 0.003.
The findings indicate a high level of community involvement in fisheries management, particularly in decision-making and the enforcement of sustainable practices. The community has contributed significantly to the creation and enforcement of fisheries bylaws, which have been instrumental in preserving fish stocks. However, the study identified the need for greater inclusion of women in decision-making processes. Community involvement in conflict resolution is also well established, with effective mechanisms in place to address disputes. The study recommends that the Rwenshama Landing Site Management Board enhance efforts to involve women in fisheries management by collaborating with local women's groups to ensure their active participation and representation
Role of Presidential Initiative on Aids Strategy for Communication to Youth in Influencing the Sexual Behaviour of Pupils in Kamwezi Sub-County.
No full textThis study examined the impact of the Presidential Initiative on AIDS Strategy for Communication to Youth (PIASCY) on the sexual behavior of students in Kamwezi Sub-County, Uganda. Amid ongoing challenges of HIV/AIDS among young people, PIASCY seeks to raise awareness and encourage safe sexual practices through strategic communication efforts. The research evaluates the initiative’s outreach and effectiveness, shedding light on its resonance with local youth and its potential to shape their sexual behaviors. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study explores shifts in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HIV/AIDS prevention among students exposed to PIASCY campaigns. Initial findings show a significant increase in awareness and more favorable attitudes towards safe sexual practices. However, the study also identifies ongoing issues with misconceptions and stigma, indicating that while PIASCY has made progress, there is still a need for ongoing education and engagement. Furthermore, the research highlights critical factors influencing the acceptance and implementation of PIASCY initiatives within Kamwezi Sub-County’s schools and communities. These factors cultural beliefs, peer influence, and resource availability significantly impact the campaign's effectiveness. Understanding these elements is vital for designing future interventions to improve sexual health outcomes for the youth in this area
Education of Nurses in Rural Primary Health Cares to Improve Vital Care of Newborns: A Community-Based Research in Nigeria.
No full textThis study was designed to ascertain the level of knowledge and the degree of practice of the components of Essential New-born care (ENC), and the effects of a training programme on the knowledge and practice of ENC among nurses in rural Primary Health Cares (PHCs) in South East Nigeria. This study was a one group pre-test and post-test intervention design. The components of ENC considered were: New-Born Initiation of Breastfeeding, Thermoregulation, New-Born Cord Care, Newborn Eye Care, Initiation of Breathing and Administration of Vitamin K. A Neonatal care Knowledge and Practice Assessment (NCKPA) Questionnaire tested for validity and reliability, with a Spearman’s correlation coefficient
of 0.81, was used for data collection among the (96) available nurses (All female). There was significant improvement in the level of knowledge and extent of practice of the components of ENC following the training programme. Despite the improvement, there were gaps in knowledge and practice of the components of ENC amongst the nurses in rural PHCs and affected were the level of knowledge of Eye care 40(41.6%) - per-intervention, and least knowledge of cord care 70 (72.9%) and eye care 90(93.8%) - post-intervention. Increase in knowledge corresponded with increase in good practice of ENC. The concern with knowledge transfer and translation of knowledge into practice could be achieved by
pre-service and in-service education, update courses and workshops, and this will empower the nurses, getting them familiar with current trends and practices for improved child survival rate
Design and Analysis of a Heat Exchanger for Irish Potato Pasteurization and Boiling.
No full textThe design of a shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) plays a crucial role in various industrial applications, particularly in steam generation processes. This study focuses on the engineering and thermal analysis of shell and tube heat exchangers, which are widely used for their high efficiency, robustness, and versatility in handling different fluids. The analysis begins with an overview of various steam generators, including fire-tube, water-tube, nuclear steam reactors, and once-through boilers, highlighting their operational principles and applications. In fire-tube steam generators, hot gases produced from combustion pass through tubes submerged in water, where heat transfer occurs. Conversely, water-tube boilers circulate water within tubes heated by external flames, allowing for higher pressure and temperature operation. The once-through boiler represents an advanced design where water flows continuously through the heat exchanger, producing steam without the need for a steam drum. Each type of steam generator presents unique challenges and advantages, influencing the selection of an appropriate heat exchanger design. The design analysis of the STHE emphasizes critical parameters such as flow arrangement, surface area, and material selection. Additionally, the integration of design considerations for engineering detailing as well as simulation using ANSYS software and modeling using Solidworks.
The findings underscore the significance of tailoring the STHE design to specific steam generation needs, considering factors like fluid properties, thermal load, and operational constraints. This study contributes to the ongoing development of efficient thermal systems and emphasizes the importance of innovative heat exchanger designs in enhancing steam generation efficiency across various industrial sectors
Uchanganuzi Linganishi wa Nomino za Kiswahili na Zile za Kinyankore- Kikiga.
No full textUchunguzi huu ulishughulikia mada ya “uchanganuzi linganishi wa nomino za kiswahili na zile za kinyankore kikiga”. Kulikuwa tafiti chache sana ambazo zilikuwa zimefanywa juu ya lugha ya kinyankore kikiga hasa katika uwanja wa nomino. Tena wanafunzi wa shule za upili hawakujua vitengo mbalimbali vinavyojenga maneno na pia aina tofauti za maneno katika lugha yao ya kwanza yaani kinyankore kikiga. Wanafunzi walihakikisha kuwa hawakuwa na vitabu vya kurejelea walipoambiwa kufanya uchunguzi huu na kwa hivyo, kulikuwa haja ya tafiti kama hizi kufanywa na baadaye vitabu kuandikwa kusaidia watu kuelewa na kujifuza lugha zao
Multi-Media Tools and Service Delivery in Academic Libraries: A Case Study of Bishop Berham University.
No full textThe study was about multimedia, tools, and services in academic libraries at Bishop Barham University. The study was guided by objectives namely; To Investigate the current multi-media tools available in the library of Bishop Berham University, to find out how multi-media tools are utilized within the library of Bishop Berham University, to Identify challenges faced while utilizing multi-media tools in the library in Bishop Barham university, to establish the challenges of accessing credit by SME’s in Bishop Barham university, and to identify the strategies to improve Credit Accessibility in Bishop Barham university. A cross-sectional design was used in the study. The researcher used both Primary and secondary data. Secondary data was collected from the university library. The researcher got information from different and related sources or scholars, magazines, journals, and websites that all point and relate to this study, and information from the university library. The study also found that The researcher considered the sex, age, and years of study of respondents. This biographic data was essential for the researcher and the study to describe the best respondents selected for the study. Respondents outlined massive sensitization, which was identified as the best solution among the respondents. Information availability was identified to have played a very big role. The study concludes The study results on the current multi-media tools available in the library of Bishop Berham University Data collected multi-media tools available shows that most of the respondents were Computers represented 67% and this is in line with Britannica concise encyclopedia (2006) defined multimedia as a computer-based electronic system that affords users the opportunity to control, manipulate and integrate media elements like text, voiceover, video, infographics, and animation to ensure effective delivery of information. It helps the user in providing information from different media on one platform thus enhancing networking and resource sharing. Multimedia can also be seen as educational software involving animations, sounds, and text on CDs and DVDs.Therefore, it is suggested that Bishop Berham University has to focus more on the implementation and optimum utilization of library materials. Credit institutions that have facilitated the growth and performance of SMEs provide affordable interest rates; and train their clients on the relevancy of keeping financial information and, how to use the acquired loan for the intended purpose. The study recommended the policymakers formulate or update policies that prioritize funding and support for integrating multimedia tools in academic libraries
Influence of Land-Use and Landcover on the Nest Distribution and Breeding Success of Grey Crowned Crane (Balearica Regulorum) In Kiyanja- Kaku Wetland Ecosystem.
No full textThe Kiyanja-Kaku wetland ecosystem in central Uganda is home to a valuable population of endangered Grey-crowned cranes (Balearica regulorum). The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize current land use/cover patterns, as well as to assess their relationships with crane breeding success. Data was collected between June 2022 and April 2023, extending breeding and non-breeding seasons. To collect data, we used a combination of satellite imagery, GPS ground truthing, and field observations. Sentinel-2 imagery with a resolution of 10m was classified using supervised image classification methods in ArcGIS software for land use/cover characterization. Survey123 application was used to collect data on crane nesting, and non-probability sampling was used to search for nests. 38 nests/breeding pairs were monitored, with data on breeding attempts, hatching success, fledgling numbers, and potential threats related to land use/cover patterns collected. Within the wetland, the results revealed a diverse mosaic of land use/cover, including agriculture (48.2%), papyrus swamp (27.6%), open water (10.2%), settlements (8.5%), and other categories (5.5%). Grey-crowned cranes laid clutch sizes ranging from 0 to 4 eggs, with an average of 2.42 eggs per pair. A total of 38 nests were monitored, and breeding success was calculated by counting the number of chicks that fledged from each nest. The overall breeding success rate was 0.84, with 47.4% of nests successfully hatching all chicks. The most common clutch size (47.4%) was two eggs, with an average of 2.42 eggs per clutch. It was discovered that land use/cover activities significantly impacted breeding success. Breeding success was highest in permanent wetlands (1.00), followed by agriculturally transformed wetlands (0.53) and unaltered seasonal wetlands. As did crop agriculture (odds ratio = 174.784, p = 0.056), animal dairy farming had a positive relationship with breeding success (odds ratio = 25.338, p 0.001). According to the findings, human activities harm crane breeding in the Kiyanja-kaku wetland. Nests closer to settlements and agricultural areas had lower success rates, indicating the negative impact of human encroachment and associated disturbances