Kabale University Digital Repository (KAB-DR)
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An Ultrasonic Based Garbage Management Dustbin.
No full textAs a fast-growing country in the world, Uganda faces a major problem in waste management. As of now, there are traditional waste management systems like periodic and routine clearing by the various civic bodies like the city council authorities, municipal corporation, town council cleaners and others. But even though this routine maintenance is carried out, we often come across overflowing garbage bins from which the garbage spills onto the streets.T he main problem in the current waste management system in most of the Ugandan cities is the unhealthy status of dustbins. In this research, there has been an upgrade in the trivial and vital components of the urban waste management system, i.e. dustbin. The basic idea behind the project is to implement a smart way of handling garbage, which is done by using the smart ultrasonic protocol to detect the presence of the user. The ultrasonic sensor detects the obstacle in front of the dustbin and calculates the object’s distance from the sensor, which is compared with the threshold distance in the microcontroller circuit of the Arduino UNO. Once this distance is less than the threshold, the microcontroller commands the servo motor to rotate through an angle of 90 degrees thereby opening the dustbin for the user. The Arduino UNO board was powered with an external power supply of 12 V. When an object is in front of the sensor at a distance of less than or equal to 20cm, the smart dustbin opens automatically and it remains open for as long as the object remains in front of the sensor. When an object is beyond 20cm away from the sensor, the smart dustbin remains closed. The quantity of garbage the dustbin can hold depends on the plastic container used
Water Quality Assessment Based on Ecological Indicators Around Mwanjari Water Streams in Kabale Municipality.
No full textThe disposal of wastes into the water sources of Mwanjari region in Kabale Municipality, leaching of nutrients resulting from the use of inorganic fertilizers by farmers around water sources, and oil drainage from motor engine cleaning has led to increased water pollution in the area, however, there is no standard way of biologically assessing water quality in the area. The use of bioindicators is more favored as biomonitoring tools due to their ability to respond to a variety of environmental stressors. In this study, ecological indicators (macroinvertebrates) were sampled and analyzed about water quality in the selected sites. Based on the Shannon diversity index and Hilsenhofff’s Biotic Index for abundance and tolerance values to determine the water quality among the selected sites, the results were; Ngorogoza pond showed good water quality, followed by Ngorogoza inflow stream and Nyakiharo well with moderate quality, Mwanjari Washingbay downstream with fairly good water quality, and lastly Mwanjari Washingbay upstream with the poor water quality. The result was of great importance in the conservation and management of water sources and so encouraging the use of Bioindicators for predicting indication of water conditions
E-Procurement and Procurement Performance of Central Government Procuring and Disposing Entities in Uganda: A Case Study of Kabale Regional Referral Hospital.
No full textThe study examined e-procurement and Procurement Performance of Central Government Procuring and Disposing Entities in Uganda: A Case Study of Kabale Regional Referral Hospital. The study was guided by three objectives namely; to establish the level of procurement performance in Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, to determine the level of implementation of e-procurement in Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, to establish the relationship between e-procurement practices and procurement performance practice in Kabale regional referral hospital. The study used a descriptive research design that aimed at generating information after the incident had occurred; the Qualitative approach included the use of interviews. Data was collected using a questionnaire and interview guide, and simple random and purposive sampling methods were used. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used to analyze data as a sample size of 59 respondents was used. The study revealed that the level of procurement performance in Kabale Regional Referral Hospital includes; delays in procurement cycles, strategic Sourcing, performance Measurement, open Contracting, and substandard medical supplies. The study revealed the level of implementation of e-procurement in Kabale Regional Referral Hospital and these included, a lack of thorough cost-benefit analysis and effective communication of e-procurement benefits, mixed perceptions about management support, indicating the need for stronger and more consistent leadership, some suppliers may not be fully prepared for e-procurement, highlighting the need for additional support and training, although the ICT infrastructure is deemed adequate by the majority, there is still room for improvement to ensure seamless e-procurement operations. Lastly, the study revealed that the results indicate that enhancing e-procurement practices leads to improved procurement performance, with the effect being both statistically significant and practically relevant. The strength of the relationship, as indicated by the standardized Beta coefficient, is moderate to strong, implying that efforts to improve e-procurement practices can have a substantial positive impact on procurement performanc
Impact of Essential Newborn Care Education on Knowledge and Practice of New-Born Care Among Nurses in Rural Primary Health Centres in Ebonyi State of Nigeria.
No full textBackground: This study was designed to determine the level of knowledge and the extent of practice of the components of essential new-born care (ENC), and the effects of a training programme on the knowledge and practice of ENC among nurses in rural primary health cares (PHCs) in Ebonyi state Nigeria.
Methods: This study was a one group per-test and post-test intervention design. The components of ENC considered were: New-born initiation of breastfeeding, thermoregulation, new-born cord care, newborn eye care, initiation of breathing and administration of vitamin K. A neonatal care knowledge and practice assessment (NCKPA) questionnaire tested for validity and reliability, with a Spearman’s correlation coefficient of 0.81, was used for data collection among the (48) available nurses (All female).
Results: There was significant improvement in the level of knowledge and extent of practice of the components of ENC following the training programme. Despite the improvement, there were gaps in knowledge and practice of the components of ENC amongst the nurses in rural PHCs and affected were the level of knowledge of eye care 20 (41.6%) pre-intervention, and least knowledge of cord care 35 (72.9%) and eye care 45 (93.8%)-post-intervention.
Conclusions: Increase in knowledge corresponded with increase in good practice of ENC. The concern with knowledge transfer and translation of knowledge into practice could be achieved by pre-service and in-service education, update courses and workshops, and this will empower the nurses, getting them familiar with current trends and practices for improved child survival rate
Classroom Streaming and Academic Achievement Among Students in Secondary Schools in Uganda: Evidence from Apac and Jinja Districts.
No full textSeveral studies have been conducted to ascertain the impact of ability grouping on academic attainment over the past 20 years, but little effort has been made. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of classroom streaming on academic achievement and self- esteem of secondary school students and the relationship between streaming and academic achievement among students in secondary schools in Apac and Jinja districts. The researcher involved four secondary schools from the Apac and Jinja districts. The 240 subjects, both boys and girls, with 30 subjects drawn from each of the selected streams, were drawn from the four schools. The sample chosen was large enough to be representative of the whole student population in the two districts. The analysis of the relationship between streaming and academic achievement revealed that the p-calculated value was found to be 0.0001 with df = 238. Since 0.0001 is far less than 0.05, which is the P-critical value at which the researcher tested the hypothesis, the conclusion is that streaming has an effect on academic achievement. The study confirmed that ability grouping has a strong bearing on
the academic achievement of secondary school students
Dosari Za Kifonolojia Zinazojidhirisha Miongoni Mwa Wajifunzaji Wa Kiswahili Katika Jamii Ya Wachiga: Uzingativu Wa Muktadha Wa Kujifunzia.
No full textUtafiti huu unahusu dosari za kifonolojia zinazojitokeza miongoni mwa wajifunzaji wa Kiswahili katika jamii ya Kichiga. Lengo lilikuwa kutalii ili kuona muktadha wa kijamii unavyoukilia ujitokezaji wa dosari hizo za kifonolojia. Kwa mahsusi kabisa, utafiti huu ulilenga kubainisha dosari za kifonolojia, kuelewa chanzo chake, kuzingatia muktadha wa kujifunza, na kutoa mapendekezo ya mikakati inayoweza kutumika kupunguza dosari hizo. Utafiti ulitumia sampuli ya watoa taarifa 94 waliogawanyika katika sehemu mbili, walimu 10 na wanafunzi 84. Mbinu za kukusanya data zilizotumika ni uandishi wa insha na hojaji. Hojaji zilitumika kwa walimu na wanafunzi wakati uandishi ulitumika kwa wajifunzaji lugha. Utafiti uliongozwa na Nadharia Uchanganuzi Makosa na Nadharia Elekezi hasa kwa mahsusi wake muhimili wa ingizo. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yanaonesha kuwa dosari za udondoshaji, uchopekaji na ubadilishaji wa sauti zilibainika. Utafiti umebaini kuwa chanzo cha dosari hizo ni pamoja na uhamishaji, athari za lugha ya Kichiga, utamaduni wa Kichiga na ukakamaaji. Vilevile, imebainika kwamba, muktadha wa kijamii unachochea kwa kiasi kikubwa uibuzi wa dosari za kifonolojia kutokana na ukosefu wa uibuzi wa ingizo ndani ya mazingira miongoni mwa wajifunzaji wa lugha ya Kiswahili katika jamii. Muktadha wa kujifunzia uligunduliwa kuwa una athari kubwa kwa ujitokezaji wa dosari za kifonolojia, kwani wajifunzaji walikuwa wakipata changamoto kutokana na ukosefu wa mazoezi na matumizi ya lugha ya Kiswahili katika mazingira yao ya kila siku. Aidha, mikakati anuwai ilipendekezwa ili kupunguza dosari za kifonolojia, kuongeza mazoezi ya kusikiliza na kuzungumza Kiswahili, kuboresha vifaa vya kufundishia na kujifunzia, na kuanzisha programu za msaada kwa wajifunzaji wenye dosari za kifonolojia. Kwa kufanya hivyo, inatarajiwa kuwa dosari za kifonolojia zinaweza kupunguzwa na ujuzi wa lugha ya Kiswahili unaweza kuboreshwa miongoni mwa wajifunzaji katika jamii ya Kichiga
Role of Wildlife Conservation on Socio-Economic Development of Households: A Case Study of Muramba Sub-County Kisoro District.
No full textWildlife conservation is a crucial aspect of sustainable development in Uganda, particularly in regions such as Muramba Sub-County, and Kisoro District, where communities rely on natural resources for their livelihoods. This study explores the role of wildlife conservation on the socio-economic development of households in Muramba Sub-County, focusing on the benefits, challenges, and opportunities associated with conservation efforts. Utilizing qualitative research methods, including interviews, field observations, and analysis of secondary data, information was gathered from local residents, conservation experts, and community leaders. The findings reveal that wildlife conservation contributes to socio-economic development by promoting tourism, providing employment opportunities, and enhancing community infrastructure. However, challenges such as human-wildlife conflicts, inadequate community involvement, and limited access to conservation benefits were identified. The study highlights the importance of community engagement in wildlife conservation initiatives to maximize socio-economic benefits. It emphasizes the need for conservation strategies that include local communities, promote environmental awareness, and ensure equitable distribution of tourism revenues. Furthermore, the research identifies opportunities for collaboration between government agencies, conservation organizations, and local communities to foster sustainable wildlife conservation while improving the socio-economic conditions of households. This research contributes to a better understanding of the link between wildlife conservation and socio-economic development in Muramba Sub-County and provides valuable insights for policymakers, conservation practitioners, and community leaders in developing inclusive and sustainable conservation strategies in Kisoro District and beyond
Examining the Impacts of Sand Mining on Physical Water Quality: A Case Study of River Minera Rukungiri District.
No full textThe study examined the impacts of sand mining on physical water quality, case study of river Minera Rukungiri district. The study had the objectives; to assess the water quality, pH, and site size of River Mineera in Rukungiri District to quantify the environmental impacts of sand mining activities on the river ecosystem. The researcher utilized an experimental research design focused on assessing water quality parameters in River Mineera. The findings of the study showed that turbidity levels were significantly higher at sites Onsite to and downstream of sand mining activities compared to the control sites upstream. The control sites exhibited turbidity levels ranging from 10 to 12 NTU, indicative of relatively clear water. In contrast, turbidity levels at the impact and affected sites ranged from 24 to 32 NTU, with the highest levels recorded downstream. The increase in turbidity is likely due to the disturbance of sediment caused by sand mining, which introduces suspended particles into the water. The study concluded that the environmental impacts of sand mining on River Mineera have been comprehensively analyzed, revealing significant alterations to water quality and ecosystem integrity. The study had the following recommendations implement stricter regulations on sand mining activities, including licensing and enforcement of environmental guidelines. Regular monitoring of water quality parameters such as pH, turbidity, and sediment levels should be conducted to track the environmental impact and ensure compliance with standards, and limit the size and expansion of sand mining sites to reduce environmental degradation. Establish designated mining zones with defined boundaries to minimize disruption to the river ecosystem and surrounding habitats
Budgeting Practices and Performance of Town Councils in Uganda: A Case Study of Muhanga Town Council.
No full textThe study assessed the effect of budgeting practices on the performance of town councils using Muhanga town council as the case study. The objectives of the study were; to assess the effect of zero-based budgets on performance, to examine the effect of rolling budgets and forecasts on performance, and to establish the effect of activity-based budgets on the performance of the Muhanga town council. The study used a descriptive research design and a sample size of 70 respondents was used for the study. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. The study findings on the effect of zero-based budgeting on performance were; Zero-based budgeting is budgeting from scratch which affects performance, Zero-based budgeting is more helpful to operational managers in their activities, and Zero-based budget in starts with lower-level managers which helps them to perform. The study findings on the effect of rolling budgets and forecasts on performance were; that forecasts are used to predict the future and encourage municipal performance, rolling forecasts have a fixed time frame which leads to the performance of the municipal council and rolling forecasts manage the weaknesses of traditional budgeting hence performance of the organization. The study findings on the effect of activity-based budgeting on the performance of Muhanga town council were; Through activity-based budgeting valuable activities are identified, Resource needs are easily identified using activity-based budgeting and activity-based budgeting reduces bureaucracy and time needed in traditional budgeting. The study recommended that zero-based budgets should be the only one to use at Muhanga town council without wasting time on other types since they rotate through all the levels of the organization and enhance service delivery, all heads of departments at Muhanga town council should get involved in budget execution in enhancing the overall budget implementation and the budgeting systems of Muhanga town council need to be supported in order to ensure prudent management of funds by use of better budgeting management practices to provide timely and quality service delivery. Further study can be conducted on public finance management practices and the performance of Municipal councils in Uganda and the effect of corruption and favoritism on the performance of Municipal councils in Uganda
Information and Communication Technology on the Performance of SACCOs: A Case Study of Kebison SACCO in Kebisoni Town Council Rukungiri District.
No full textThe study examined the effect of information and communication technology on the performance of SACCOs: A case study of Kebisoni SACCO in Rukungiri Town Council Rukungiri District. The objectives of the study were; to examine the effect of ICT on the sales growth of SACCOs, to examine the effect of ICT on the profitability of SACCOs, and to find out the effect of ICT on the marketing of SACCOs. A cross-sectional research design was used and data was collected using interviews and questionnaires. The study results on the effect of ICT on the sales growth of Kebisoni SACCO, the highest number of respondents mentioned that ICT automates Kebisoni SACCO processes and this efficiently translates to faster service delivery and reduced operational costs and improves sales growth while the least number of respondents mentioned that the efficient usage of ICT in Kebisoni SACCO enhances financial sustainability improves sales growth. In the study findings on the effect of ICT on the profitability of Kebisoni SACCO, the highest number of respondents mentioned that ICT enables Kebisoni SACCO to create new markets and expand their customer base leading to profitability while the least number of respondents mentioned that ICT usage in Kebisoni SACCO minimizes errors, leading to profitability. The study findings on the effect of ICT on the marketing of Kebisoni SACCO, the highest number of respondents mentioned that ICT facilitates content creation and distribution, allowing Kebisoni SACCO to produce informative and engaging content to educate, inform, and attract potential members and the least number of respondents mentioned that ICT enables Kebisoni SACCO to implement targeted email marketing campaigns to nurture leads, promote products and services. The study recommended that SACCOs should offer online services to make it easier for members to engage with the SACCO, leading to increased transactions and sales growth and there should be efficient data management to improve decision-making, reduce errors, and enhance the overall operational efficiency, contributing to increased profitability