Kabale University Digital Repository (KAB-DR)
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Assessment of the Management of Plastic Wastes in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park: A Case Study of Buhoma Tourism Sector.
No full textThis study aimed to examine the management of plastic waste in the Buhoma tourism sector of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP). Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews with UWA staff, hotel managers, porters, and tourists. Out of 109 distributed questionnaires, 75 (69%) were returned. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and Word. The findings revealed that while some measures to manage plastic pollution in the Buhoma tourism sector have been implemented, there is still a need for improvement. Current practices include the establishment of trash cans (10%), controlled incineration (35%), mass waste collection on special wildlife days (25%), and awareness campaigns and sensitization (30%). However, improper disposal of plastic waste remains an issue. The measures currently in place have not fully mitigated plastic pollution, and some practices, such as incineration, still pose environmental risks, such as air pollution from emitted fumes. The study recommended additional interventions, including imposing higher taxes on the production and importation of plastic products in the country. It also emphasized that UWA management should fully implement all proposed measures to effectively address plastic pollution in and around the park
Design and Fabrication of a Pedal-Powered Clay Milling Machine.
No full textClay powder is a raw material mixed with sand and water as a binder during the making of molds for sand casting in the foundry workshops. Clay powder is produced through milling of the dry solid clay particles of 5mm diameter to produce 0.002mm diameter clay particles as the final clay powder. On the market, several milling machines have been introduced for milling clay, but most small-scale particles still use traditional means due to the high costs associated with these machines. This design is aimed at providing a less costly machine to small-scall foundry workshops. This project focuses on the design and development of a pedal-powered clay milling machine intended for foundry workshops that utilize clay as a binder in sand casting. The machine employs the grooved disc mills to crush clay into fine particles, ensuring consistent material quality for foundry applications. Powered by human pedaling, the system generates 100 watts of input power, efficiently transferred through a chain drive to the milling mechanism. The design prioritizes simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability, making it accessible for small-scale foundry workshops. By integrating ergonomic considerations, the pedal-powered clay milling machine offers a reliable and eco-friendly solution for producing clay powder
Water Accounting and Productivity Analysis to Improve Water Savings of Nile River Basin, East Africa: From Accountability to Sustainability.
No full textClimate change impacts on drylands pose more vexing risks to socio-ecological systems, resulting in food security issues, biodiversity loss, and livelihood shifts in Africa. This study critically reviewed relevant literature to evaluate the complexities and feedback loops between the climate–drylands–food security (CDF) nexus, which helps assess tactics to attain sustainable dryland ecosystem management under the changing environment. Comprehensive CDF frameworks are explored for dryland dynamics, ecosystem services, and food security (FS), and current high-precision ecosystem observation networks are used to detect regional-level
climate variability and identify hotspots. In addition, this review also examines challenges and uncertainties for CDF systems and effective agrarian innovations as a way forward. To bridge the gap from science to policy making in the CDF nexus, it is vital to enhance the impacts and feedback of ecohydrological processes on agrarian production, ecosystem service tradeoffs and their effects on livelihoods, and regional development and preservation by optimization of the ecological water security pattern. This state-of-the-art assessment uses acquired information and knowledge to conceptually evaluate the past, current, and future impacts and risks and facilitates decision-making through the delivery of long-term sustainability and
socio-ecological resilience
An Assessment of Landslides Occurrence and its Implications on the Local Community in Kanaba Sub-County Kisoro District.
No full textThis research assessed the occurrence and implications of landslides on the local community in Kanaba Sub-county, Kisoro District, Uganda. Despite efforts in emergency response, systematic research and comprehensive strategies to address the underlying causes and long-term impacts of landslides are limited. The study aimed to determine the relationship between landslide occurrences and their effects on the community, identifying causes, impacts, and control measures. Using a descriptive research design, data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with 66 respondents, including farmers and local officials. Key findings revealed volcanic activity as a primary cause of landslides, with significant impacts on infrastructure, agriculture, and livelihoods. The study emphasized the need for improved early warning systems, resilient infrastructure, and effective community resilience strategies. Recommendations include enhancing early warning systems, improving infrastructure resilience, and implementing proactive control measures to mitigate landslide risks and promote sustainable development practices in the region
Ringworm Detection and Diagnosis System.
No full textRingworm, a common fungal infection, affects millions worldwide. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of transmission. This report presents a novel ringworm detection system utilizing deep learning and image processing. We carried out our research within a period of seven months and our system performed the desired work. We developed a ringworm detection and diagnosis system that offers rapid and accurate results for early intervention and treatment. Hardware and software. The system employs picture imaging using processor Intel i5, 8GB RAM, and the operating system Windows 10 Pro. The proposed system achieves an accurate detection rate of ringworm. Sampling method was used like Interviewing and Observation
THE EFFECT OF BORROWER’S CAPACITY TO PAY ON LOAN REPAYMENT IN UGANDA DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
No full textThis study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of borrower’s capacity to pay on
loan repayment during COVID -19 pandemic at Lyamujungu SACCO in Uganda. A crosssectional
survey design was used using Lyamujungu SACCO as a case study. This was approached
with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Using questionnaire and interviews, data was
collected from 108 clients of Lyamujungu SACCO. In addition, interviews were conducted with
the general manager, branch managers and loans officers. The collected data was cross checked
for errors omission and completeness, coded and analyzed using SPSS computer package. Data
was presented in form of tables as frequencies, percentages, standard deviation, mean and
significance levels were determined for hypothesis. Results for the study objective revealed that
SACCOS started giving less loans in comparison to what they applied for (M=4.05, SD=1.256)
and closed very early during covid-19 pandemic (M=3.73, SD=1.378) all of which affected the
borrowers capacity to repay loans, consequences that drive SACCO members into loan repayment
failure (M=4.70, SD=.459) and loss of savings leading to absolute poverty(M=4.56, SD=.600)
were the major factors that determined the borrower’s credit on loan repayment during covid-19
pandemic. Results from null hypothesis testing on the item was rejected indicating borrowers
capacity(.040), thus the study concluded that there is evidence to suggest that the distribution of
the mean score of each of the variable is not the same across the ability of the borrower to repay
the borrowed loan. The study recommends SACCOs to seriously consider having in place effective
credit standards, credit policy, credit terms and collection policies or procedures as mechanismsKabale Universit
Effect of Teacher-Pupil Ratio on Academic Performance of Pupils in Selected Primary Schools in Kabale Municipality.
No full textThe study was about the effect of teacher-pupils ratio on Pupils' academic performance in primary schools in Kabale Municipality. The study was guided by three objectives which were: to find out the teacher; pupil ratio in primary schools in Kabale municipality, to find out the factors affecting the academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Kabale Municipality, to establish the effect of teacher-pupil ratio on the academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Kabale municipality. A targeted population of 103 respondents was considered for the study. These included the pupils, teachers, and head teachers. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used in identifying the study sample size. The methods that were used in data collection included questionnaires, observation, and interviews. Data collected was edited, coded, entered into the computer, and analyzed with Excel, a Microsoft statistical package, the results were presented in tables. The study showed the factors affecting the academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Kabale Municipality and these included performance Pressure accounting 18(17.4%), family Background by 19(18.4%), learning Infrastructure by 25(24.2%), difficulty in Understanding accounted 14(13.5), teacher-Student Ratio by 22(21.3%). The study findings on how the teacher-pupil ratio influences academic performance in primary included student Engagement accounted 18(17.8%), classroom management by 15 (14.5%), resource allocation by 17(16.5%), and timely feedback by 11(10.6%). The study further found that the effect of teacher-pupil ratio on the academic performance of pupils in primary schools as classes of 20 pupils or less accounted for 18(17.4%), reduced repetition and dropouts Small class sizes narrowed the achievement gap (17.5%), quality of education is much better when pupil-teacher ratio is low by 12(11.6%). The study further concluded that the teacher-pupil ratio is low and affects the academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Kabale municipality.. The study recommends that further studies should be carried out on the other factors affecting the academic performance of pupils
Suitability of Sand as Improvement to Mechanical Properties of Laterite Soil for Road Subbase.
No full textSand is a fine-grained, granular material composed of silica and other minerals. It is commonly used in various industries and applications, including construction, manufacturing, and agriculture. In construction, sand is a vital component of concrete, mortar, and asphalt. It is also used as a base material for roads and pavements, providing stability and drainage.
One of the most common uses of sand in road construction is as a subbase material. The sub-base layer is placed beneath the pavement surface and serves as a support structure for the road. It helps to distribute loads and prevent settlement, ensuring the long-term durability and performance of the road.
This study investigates the potential of sand as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative for stabilizing Nyakambu laterite, a prevalent soil type in Uganda, for use as subbase material in road construction. The research aims to determine the optimal sand content that can enhance the mechanical properties of laterite, specifically the California Bearing Ratio (CBR), to meet the requirements of the Ugandan General Specification for Roads and Bridges. California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a laboratory test used to determine the strength and resistance of a soil material to deformation under load. It is widely used in road construction to assess the suitability of soils for use as base materials and subbases. The CBR value is calculated by comparing the load-bearing capacity of the soil to that of a standard aggregate. A higher CBR value indicates a stronger and more stable soil.
Experimental results demonstrate that adding sand to Nyakambu laterite significantly improves its CBR values. Test results showed that an optimal sand content of 40% by dry weight was found to achieve the desired CBR of 30% for G30 material, surpassing the requirements for subbase material. However, further increases in sand content beyond 40% led to a slight decline in CBR values. From the study, it can be concluded that Nyakambu laterite treated with 40% sand can be effectively used as subbase material in Ugandan roads, offering a viable and sustainable solution to the challenges posed by weak lateritic soils. This research contributes to the development of more durable and cost-effective road infrastructure in the region, aligning with the goals of sustainable development and infrastructure improvemen
Assessment of E-Learning in Institutions of Higher Learning in Uganda: A Case Study at Kabale University.
No full textThe research aimed to determine the effects of e-learning at Kabale University. Conducted at Kabale University, the study utilized quantitative methods for data collection and analysis, employing questionnaires and interviews. The findings revealed that many students and lecturers were using e-learning for studying and curriculum delivery. However, both groups encountered several challenges with e-learning approaches, and various measures were being implemented to address these issues. Additionally, the study identified several factors that supported e-learning at Kabale University
Mathematical Modeling of Traffic Flow in Kampala City Using the Moving Observer Method
No full textThe purpose of the study was to investigate the variables affecting traffic flow in Kampala Central Business District (CBD), employing a quantitative approach. The rapid urbanization has led to a huge increase in the number of vehicles, resulting in traffic congestions, delays, and financial losses especially in the Kampala CBD area. Data on traffic density, speeds, and driver behaviors were collected for a period of 20 days from five selected road sections leading into and out of the city which included traffic on Entebbe Road, Jinja road, Sir Apollo Kaggwa Road, Yusuf Lule and Wandegeya roads using the moving observer method. Regression analysis was done to identify the relationships between the variables, leading to the development of a predictive model for traffic flow. The study found out that the flow tends to increase as the day progresses and as well flow rate increases with increase in density. As the week progressed, the flow rate decreased as number of people coming to town on weekends is low since there is no work. A mathematical model was generated which could be used to predict the traffic intensity on the road at a given day and time. The model shows that changing from weekdays to weekend, the flow decreases by about 29%, and as density increases by 1%, the flow also increases by 1.5% over time. The study recommends prioritizing public transportation improvement, establishment of out of city parking yards, utilizing the other various means of transport other than road and promoting non-motorized modes of transportation in order to reduce traffic density on the road and subsequently manage congestion.Kyambogo University Competitive Research Gran