Kabale University Digital Repository (KAB-DR)
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Design and Construction of a Simple Cell Using Lemon.
No full textThe purpose of this project was to design and construct a simple cell using lemon. Lemon fruit is made up of a mixture of chemicals that is called an electrolyte. An electrolyte allows charges to flow. There are chemical changes between both the electrodes and the electrolytes. The project was guided by the following objectives: To determine how much electricity in each lemon: To determine how many lemons could be enough to light a bulb This report is based on applied research which aims to solve our problems, to save energy, to protect our environment and encourages us not to use fossil fuels but instead be an ecofriendly human. As Cherry (2018) stated applied research refers to scientific studies and research that seeks to solve practical problems. Based on the findings, this report determines whether the lemon fruit has enough voltage to produce such energy that can light up a mini LED bulb., the average total result of 9 lemons at the range of 2.34 v continues the cycle of electricity meaning no resistance is formed but the range of measuring it is too low meaning the voltage that’s coming out of the fruit is too high for this setting
Assessing the Hydraulic Performance of Ntungamo Town Piped Water Distribution System.
No full textA water supply system comprises engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components designed to deliver water for various purposes. Water is a fundamental necessity for all living beings, yet the demand for water—spanning domestic, industrial, and agricultural needs—continues to rise, while water sources remain limited. This creates a significant challenge for authorities worldwide to meet growing demands using finite resources. Water distribution networks are crucial for regional development, as they serve multiple purposes beyond providing water for human consumption, directly influencing a nation's progress. Reliable water supply, a key component of these networks, plays a vital role in sustaining and improving public quality of life. To address the challenges of water scarcity and insufficient pressure, designing new water distribution systems or upgrading existing networks becomes essential. This study focused on assessing the existing water distribution network in Ntungamo Town, Ntungamo District, using EPANET 2.0 software. The area was selected due to recurring issues such as water scarcity and low pressure affecting different parts of the town. The study involved simulating the pipe and junction network system to analyze its behavior under varying input conditions using EPANET 2.0. Hydraulic parameters, including head, pressure, and flow rate, were evaluated during the simulations. The findings demonstrated that the pressures at junctions and the flow rates and velocities in pipes were generally feasible for providing adequate water to the area. However, the study identified that low water pressures in Ntungamo Town's piped water distribution system were primarily due to insufficient water yield within the system
Impact of Soil Erosion on Agricultural Productivity in Nyakishenyi Sub-County Rukungiri District.
No full textThis study investigated the impact of soil erosion on Agricultural Productivity in Nyakishenyi Sub-county, Rukungiri District. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design where both qualitative and quantitative approaches were collected and employed. Specific Objectives of the Study were to identify the main causes and drivers of soil erosion in Nyakishenyi Sub-County, to analyze the effects of soil erosion on crop yields and agricultural sustainability in Nyakishenyi Sub-County, and to explore potential solutions and best practices for mitigating soil erosion in the Nyakishenyi Sub-County. The Population of this study comprised 1800 household heads, Sub-county Community Development Officers, Agricultural Officers, LSI, and Parish chiefs and they totaled up to 1804 because they were the basis of the study and this provided the relevant answers to the study questions. In order for this to be achieved, the researcher used 99 respondents using the Raosoft formula. The study identified several key factors contributing to soil erosion in Nyakishenyi Sub-County. The researcher used questionnaires, interviews, and observation methods These include deforestation, overgrazing, poor agricultural practices, climate change, and population growth. The analysis revealed that soil erosion has a detrimental impact on crop yields and overall agricultural sustainability in the region. Erosion leads to the loss of topsoil. Furthermore, continuous soil erosion can lead to land degradation, making it increasingly difficult for future generations to cultivate crops sustainably. Erosion also leads to reduced crop yields resulting in food insecurity. Erosion increases the vulnerability to climate change impacts. Soil erosion can be mitigated by practicing contour farming, agroforestry, terracing, providing training programs, planting of cover crops, and construction of grassed waterways. The study recommended implementing detailed surveys and assessments to gather data on land use practices, vegetation cover, and topography. This will help in understanding the specific factors contributing to soil erosion in the area. The study recommended developing educational programs aimed at local farmers and landowners about the causes of soil erosion, including deforestation, overgrazing, and improper agricultural practices. Awareness can lead to more sustainable land management practices
Investigating Soil Management Practices for Sustainable Coffee Cultivation in Kambuga Town Council Kanungu District.
No full textThis study examined soil management practices for sustainable coffee cultivation in Kambuga Town Council, Kanungu District. Its objectives were to assess the effectiveness of current practices, identify soil nutrient deficiencies affecting coffee yields, and explore strategies to improve production. A descriptive research design was employed, gathering data from 90 coffee farmers through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed widespread use of soil conservation methods, with mulching (60.3%) and terracing (49.2%) being the most common techniques. While 40% of farmers applied fertilizers monthly, 60% did not regularly test their soil. Awareness of soil nutrient deficiencies was high (80%), with nitrogen (62.5%), phosphorus (41.7%), and potassium (27.8%) identified as key deficiencies significantly affecting yields. Effective soil management strategies included mulching (75.6%) and erosion control (50%). However, farmers faced challenges such as knowledge gaps, high costs, and limited resources
Impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Kashare Sub-County, Mbarara District.
No full textThe study examined the impact of climate change on food security in Kashare Sub-County, Mbarara District. The objectives were to identify the causes of climate change in the area, evaluate its effects on crop yields and food security, and explore the adaptation strategies that farmers use to counter climate change impacts on food production and livelihoods. A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving a sample of 105 respondents. Data collection methods included self-administered questionnaires, observations, and interview guides. Data analysis was conducted using Excel to produce descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, which were presented in tables and text. According to the study findings on climate change causes, most respondents cited deforestation as the primary cause, with fewer respondents mentioning factors like industrialization, which ranked last. Unsustainable agricultural practices ranked second, and fossil fuel burning ranked third. Regarding the impact on crop yields and food security, 42.9% of respondents reported a reduction in maize yields as the main consequence, while 9.5% noted declines in other crops like sweet potatoes. Additionally, 33.3% mentioned reduced bean production, and 14.3% observed decreased cassava yields. In terms of adaptation strategies, 38.1% of respondents highlighted crop diversification as the primary approach, while 9.5% mentioned other strategies like agroforestry. Soil conservation practices were noted by 33.3%, and water harvesting techniques by 19.1%. The study recommended that farmers in Kashare Sub-County undertake reforestation efforts to restore natural vegetation, while the government should enforce existing environmental policies, introduce new regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and promote sustainable land use practices
Influence of Parents in Promoting African Values Among Children in Buganda Kingdom: A Case Study of Najjembe Sub-County.
No full textThis study explored the role of parents in promoting African values among children in the Buganda Kingdom. African values include a wide range of cultural norms, traditions, and beliefs deeply embedded in society. The Buganda Kingdom, with its rich cultural heritage, provided a unique setting for examining how parents transmit these values to the younger generation. Using qualitative research methods such as interviews and focus group discussions, data were collected from parents and children within the kingdom. The study looked at the strategies parents use to instill African values in their children, the challenges they encounter, and the perceived impact of this cultural transmission on children's identity formation and socialization.
The findings indicated that parents play a crucial role in promoting African values among children in the Buganda Kingdom. They employ various methods, including storytelling, cultural rituals, and role modeling, to teach traditional norms and practices. However, the study also identified challenges such as modernization, globalization, and generational gaps, which threaten the continuity of African values. The influence of parents is essential for preserving cultural heritage and fostering a sense of cultural pride and identity. These findings have implications for family dynamics, educational policies, and community initiatives aimed at promoting cultural preservation and the intergenerational transmission of African values in the Buganda Kingdom and beyond
Automated Diagnosis of Skin Cancer.
No full textSkin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Over the past few years, different approaches have been proposed to deal with automated skin cancer detection. Nonetheless, most of them are based only on dermoscopic images and do not take into account the patient's clinical information, an important clue towards clinical diagnosis. In this work, we present an approach to fill this gap. First, we introduce a new dataset composed of clinical images, collected using smartphones, and clinical data related to the patient. Next, we propose a straightforward method that includes an aggregation mechanism in well-known deep-learning models to combine features from images and clinical data. Last, we carry out experiments to compare the models’ performance with and without using this mechanism. The results present an improvement of approximately 7% in balanced accuracy when the aggregation method is applied. Overall, the impact of clinical data on models’ performance is significant and shows the importance of including these features in automated skin cancer detection
Effect of Mulching as a Sustainable Farming Practice on Maize Cultivation at Faculty of Agriculture Kabale University.
No full textThis study investigated the impact of mulching as a sustainable farming practice on maize cultivation at the Faculty of Agriculture, Kabale University, with specific objectives to compare the effectiveness of combining mulching with other sustainable practices, assess its role in suppressing weed growth and nutrient availability, and determine its effect on maize grain yield and soil health indicators. Mulching, a widely recommended practice for conserving soil moisture and improving soil structure, is analyzed in conjunction with other sustainable practices such as crop rotation and organic fertilization to enhance maize productivity. Previous research indicates that integrating mulching with sustainable agricultural practices can lead to synergistic effects, improving overall crop performance and sustainability. The effectiveness of mulch in suppressing weed growth and enhancing nutrient availability is a critical focus of this study. By reducing weed competition, mulch can increase the availability of nutrients for maize plants, leading to better growth and development. Studies have shown that organic mulches can significantly reduce weed biomass and improve soil nutrient content, providing a more favorable environment for maize cultivation. This research aims to quantify these benefits and determine the optimal mulching strategies for maximizing nutrient availability and maize yield. The impact of mulch application on maize grain yield and soil health indicators is assessed. Soil health parameters such as organic matter content, microbial activity, and soil moisture retention are crucial for sustainable maize production. Mulching is known to enhance these soil health indicators, leading to improved crop yields and long-term soil fertility. This study aimed to provide empirical data on the benefits of mulching in maize cultivation at Kabale University, contributing to the broader understanding of sustainable farming practices in similar agro-ecological contexts
Designing and Testing of the Simple Box Solar Cooker for Domestic Use.
No full textThe project aimed to construct and design a simple box solar cooker that can be used in homes to solve the problem of cooking and other domestic uses using locally available resources. The designed box cooker can cook food such as rice, and vegetables and even bake breads and cookies by trapping and concentrating solar heat. This is achieved by harnessing the energy from the sun to raise the temperatures inside the cooker, allowing you to cook food without the need for conventional fuels
Sales Promotion and Growth of Bread Bakery Business in Kabale Municipality: A Case Study of Elite Bakery.
No full textThe study research focused on the findings of sales promotion and sales volume of bread in Elite bakery. A case study of Uganda Elite bakery, Kabale municipality. The objectives of the study were to find out how sales promotion affects sales of bread in Elite Bakery, to find out sales promotion activities used by Elite Bakery in Kabale Municipality to establish the relationship between sales promotion and sales volume of bread in Elite Bakery in Kabale Municipality. In chapter two, there was a critical review of the issues that have been explored and studied both theoretically and empirically in the existing literature on sales promotion as an independent variable and sales volume as the dependent variable. In chapter three this is where the methods of data collection were put into action. The research used both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis. The research used simple random sampling techniques in collecting and analyzing data and was used to provide equal chances to the sample size. Purposive sampling was also used to collect data from respondents who participated in the study. Chapter four showed the findings of the study obtained from the field interpreting the results and analyzing them based on the specific objectives of the study and chapter five portrayed the summary of findings, conclusion, and recommendations on sales promotion and sales volume of bread in Elite bakery. A case study of Uganda Elite bakery, Kabale district