Kabale University Digital Repository (KAB-DR)
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Comparative Analysis of Performance of Lemon Peel Powder and its Ash as Natural Coagulants in the Treatment of Surface Water.
No full textAll waters especially surface water and wastewater contain both dissolved and suspended particles. Coagulation and flocculation processes are the most widely used processes to separate suspended solid portions from water(P.N.Bllie, 2014). Aluminum and iron salts are the two most used chemical coagulants in wastewater treatment processes; however, these coagulants release harmful substances into the environment which have a detrimental effect on human health (H.D.Beyene, 2016). Additionally, studies have reported that some chemical coagulants (such as Aluminium salts) remain in the water after coagulation and may induce Alzheimer’s disease and similar health problems(S.Choubey, 2012). On the other hand, natural coagulants (lemon peels) are cost-effective affordable, readily available, and environmentally friendly, and they can as well be used at the homestead level(H.D.Beyene, 2016). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the efficiency of lemon peel powder and its ash as natural coagulants in surface water treatment. Materials used for the study included surface water collected from the Mineera stream in Kebisoni Town Council, Rukungiri district. Lemon peels were extracted from Lemon fruits bought from Rukungiri market. The study was focused on parameters of surface water such as; Turbidity, TS, pH, and EC All sample preparations and tests were carried out at the National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Rukungiri
Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Harvested Rainwater in Hamuhambo Town Council Rubanda District.
No full textHarvesting rainwater is a reliable alternative for the local people globally who have no access to centralized and piped water systems due to geographical location and economic pressure. The study accessed some of the physicochemical parameters such as pH, Temperature, turbidity, Electrical conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, and TDS across eight stations that included 3 community tanks (at a primary school, at a church, and a health center III hospital) and 5 individual household tanks by sampling once after eight weeks of harvest and storage of rainwater, to establish the water quality as there is a risk of contamination during harvesting and storing. However, this rainwater is mainly used directly for consumption and domestic use without any post-harvest treatment to improve the water quality since it is commonly done individually without any specialist knowledge and standard guidelines. The Mean: SD values for the physicochemical parameters measured PH: 8.8±1.5, Temperature: 21.7±1.0 (°c), EC: 168.8±86.3 (µ/cm), DO: 6.2±1.8 (mg/l), TDS: 87±47 (mg/l) and turbidity: 6.1±15.9 NTU were within the acceptable limits for portable water in reference to WHO and UNBS (Table 2), therefore I conclude that even after harvested rainwater has been stored for some time, its quality is not affected and it is thus fit for consumption and domestic use. There were no significant variations in the variables accessed apart from an abnormally high turbidity value at ST 05 where the sample was picked from the minimal water remaining on the floor that contained a lot of total dissolved solids suggesting regular cleaning of the RWHS at the beginning of each rain season, a first flush of 15 minutes at the beginning of the rain and installation of proper pre-filtration mechanisms. It is important to fence the underground RWHS to keep away children who may contaminate the water. Excavation of drainage channels where they are absent for example ST 03 and ST 08 and regular maintenance for those station (s) who have ST 01
A Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Poultry Manure and Pig Manure on Cabbage Yield Around Kabale University.
No full textThis study provided a comparative analysis of the effects of poultry manure and pig manure on cabbage yield in Kabale District. The primary goal was to optimize cabbage production to enhance the incomes of smallholder farmers, with three specific objectives: to evaluate the effects of poultry and pig manure on cabbage yields, to assess their impact on nutrient availability, and to examine their implications for soil microorganisms in cabbage fields. The study involved three treatments: poultry manure, pig manure, and a control group with no manure. Results revealed that poultry manure was the most effective treatment, achieving the highest average cabbage weight of 3.28 kg. This highlights poultry manure's potential as a highly effective organic fertilizer for cabbage cultivation. The pig manure treatment produced a moderate average cabbage weight of 2.86 kg, outperforming the control but falling short of poultry manure. The control group yielded the lowest average cabbage weight of 1.8 kg. The study also highlighted environmental considerations when choosing between poultry and pig manure. Poultry manure, with its higher nitrogen content, if not properly managed, poses risks of nitrogen runoff into nearby water bodies, leading to water pollution, algal blooms, and oxygen depletion, which can harm aquatic ecosystems. In conclusion, poultry manure's higher nitrogen levels contribute to improved vegetative growth and higher cabbage yields. However, its use requires careful management to mitigate potential environmental impacts. The study recommended that farmers in Kabale District adopt poultry manure to maximize cabbage yields. Additionally, agricultural extension services should provide training and demonstrations on the benefits and proper application of poultry manure to ensure sustainable farming practices
Analysing The Elements Affecting Tourists’ Level of Satisfaction in Kabale District: A Case Study of Lake Bunyonyi.
No full textSatisfaction has been found as one of the elements that affect a tourist’s level of satisfaction. Several studies continue to indicate Scenic Beauty as the most significant factors that influence tourist satisfaction this positively increases the level of tourism development, but the extent to which these cases are associated with tourism development trends was not known. This study aimed to fill this research gap. A cross-sectional study in which a mixed method of inquiry was used to collect data using a questionnaire. The questionnaire had both open and closed-ended questions to capture both quantitative and qualitative responses. A sample of study participants was drawn from the elements affecting tourists’ level of satisfaction. A total sample of 133 participants was selected. Result: Of the 133 participants that were interviewed, 62.4% were male respondents and 37.6% were female respondents) considering the age of respondents, the highest number 47.4% belonged to the age group of 31-40years
Conclusion: The study found that Scenic Beauty was 92% being the most factor that influenced tourist satisfaction this positively increases the level of tourism development in Kabale district: a case study of Lake Bunyonyi.The study proposed the following recommendations; Increase awareness of the level of satisfaction and importance of promoting tourists' satisfaction, Develop and implement intervention and sustainable tourism programs to address new satisfaction of tourists, Train employees on new technologies and the benefits in promoting and developing, Conduct further research to gain a better understanding of the complex relationship between tourists satisfaction development, development of tourism industry and the community involvement in the context of kabale municipality.
Evaluation of Noise Pollution Levels from Industrial Sites in Mbarara City.
No full textIndustrial Noise pollution means noise pollution that is clashing and intolerable and occurs in most factories. Sound occurs in intolerable form only when it becomes offensive and when it becomes more than a limit that it is known as “noise pollution”. This study is aimed at quantifying noise pollution from industrial noise (machine, vehicle, and human-generated) at two selected manufacturing industries namely: Kash General Hardware Ltd-Factory in Kakoba Division and Ntake Bakery and Company Limited in Kamukuzi Division both in Mbarara City, Western Uganda. The machines used for manufacturing and production in these two industries were considered for the research study as well as their operators and workers. Emphasis was given to noise emitted by the individual industrial machines. The average noise equivalent level (LAeq) was studied to identify the noisy machines and to generate baseline data. A precision grade sound level meter was used to determine the various pressure levels of sound at uniform intervals of 5 m for 6 days. It was observed that noise limit values were exceeded at almost all machines based on the regulation criteria and international standards. Also, the results of this study show that noise control measures were not put in place or when provided they were not adequate in the industries surveyed
Internal Control Systems and Financial Performance of Local Governments in Uganda: A Case of Kabale District Local Government.
No full textThis study set out to examine the effect of Internal Control Systems on the financial performance of Local Governments in Uganda, the case of Kabale District Local Government. The predictor variables under study were risk assessment, control environment, and monitoring activities while financial performance was the outcome variable. The study followed a cross-sectional survey design with a response rate of 89.3%. Data from 175 respondents was collected and analyzed quantitatively complemented with qualitative analysis. Since descriptive analysis entailed a description of a single variable and its attributes, frequency tables were used to present the data. At the bivariate level, a Pearson correlation matrix was conducted to ascertain the relationships between the predictor variables and the dependent variable. A linear regression model was used to fit the data. Research findings from the regression model show that risk assessment (R=662), control environment (R=656 and monitoring control (R=729) had a positive significance on the financial performance of Kabale District Local Government. The main conclusion drawn from this research was that risk assessment, control environment, and monitoring activities had a significant effect on the financial performance of Kabale District Local Government. The study therefore recommended that there was the need to put more effort into risk assessment, controlling environment and monitoring activities for fortitudes of making financial performance as a custom at Kabale District Local Government
Disposition Practices of Records in Procurement and Disposal Units of Uganda College of Commerce-Kabale.
No full textThe study investigated the record disposition practices in the procurement and disposal units of Uganda College of Commerce-Kabale. The study's objectives were to analyze the methods used for record disposition, identify the challenges faced during the process, and propose solutions to these challenges. Using a descriptive research design, data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. The findings revealed that the methods employed for record disposition included discarding, shredding, archiving, imaging, purging, and returning records. The challenges identified were inadequate storage facilities, delays in decision-making by administrators, insufficient storage space, and limited funds for disposing of records. Proposed solutions included adopting a records management legislative framework, training staff to equip them with the necessary expertise, ensuring consistency with policy in record disposal, avoiding unnecessary long-term storage of records, and sentencing files with reference to relevant retention schedules upon creation. The study recommended recruiting trained staff knowledgeable in disposition methods to train unskilled staff and enhance the skills of existing staff, updating retention and disposition schedules with new features and changes in retention periods, and expanding the registry and record center to provide more space for incoming and inactive records, thus eliminating congestion in storage centers
Effect of Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity on Incident Cognitive Impairment in High-Risk Hypertension.
No full textIntroduction: We investigated the effect of vigorous physical activity (VPA) on the risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and probable dementia among individuals with high-risk hypertension.
Methods: Baseline self-reported frequency of VPA was categorized into low VPA (<1 session/week), and high VPA (≥1 session/week). We used multivariate Cox regression analysis to examine the association of VPA categories with incident MCI and probable dementia events.
Results: Participants in the high VPA category, compared with low VPA, experienced lower events rates (per 1000 person-years) of MCI (13.9 vs 19.7), probable dementia (6.3 vs 9.0), and MCI/probable dementia (18.5 vs 25.8). In the multivariate Cox regression model, high VPA, compared with low VPA, was associated with lower risk of MCI, probable dementia, and MCI/probable dementia (HR [95% CI]: 0.81 [0.68–0.97], 0.80 [0.63–1.03], and 0.82 [0.70–0.96]), respectively.
DISCUSSION: This study provides evidence that VPA may preserve cognitive function
in high-risk patients with hypertension
Enhancing Attendance Management Through Face Recognition Technology: A Case Study at Rugarama School of Nursing and Midwifery.
No full textInaccuracies and inefficiencies in traditional attendance management systems have long posed challenges for educational institutions. This study, titled "Enhancing Attendance Management through Face Recognition Technology: A Case Study at Rugarama School of Nursing and Midwifery," aimed to develop a more accurate and efficient solution using Local Binary Pattern Histogram and Convolutional Neural Networks algorithms to automate attendance tracking.A mixed-method approach was employed, combining system testing with user feedback from administrators, staff, and students. The system was evaluated on key metrics such as accuracy and time efficiency, achieving an 80% accuracy rate and full agreement on time efficiency (100%). The study also highlighted challenges related to lighting conditions and privacy concerns, which impacted system performance in real-world conditions. The system’s integration with the school’s course schedules provided reliable, real-time attendance tracking and significantly reduced errors and manipulation associated with traditional methods.This research contributes to filling a notable gap in the literature regarding the use of face recognition systems for course-specific attendance determination in educational settings. Despite the system’s effectiveness, future research should explore improvements in image quality across diverse environments and investigate other biometric methods to enhance security.The findings of this study suggest that face recognition-based attendance systems have the potential to revolutionize attendance management not only in education but also in other sectors where identity verification is critical, such as healthcare and corporate environments. However, limitations such as lighting variability and dataset size indicate further refinements are needed to optimize the system for broader implementation
Analysing the Impact of Agency Banking Adoption on the Profitability of Small and Medium-Size Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabale Municipality.
No full textThis study sought to analyze the impact of agency banking adoption on the profitability of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabale Municipality. The specific objectives were to assess the level of agency banking adoption among SMEs, examine how SMEs have integrated agency banking into their financial operations, and analyze the impact of agency banking on the accessibility and availability of financial services for SMEs. The study aimed to provide insights into how agency banking influences the financial landscape for SMEs, focusing on its role in enhancing access to financial services and its potential effect on profitability