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Sports Injury Prevention - Epidemiological Analysis of Concussion Mechanisms in Female Soccer Players: A Review of NEISS Data (2020–2023)
Get PDFBackground/Introduction: Concussions are a significant concern in women’s soccer, with many studies showing that women have a higher rate of having them than compared to men. The number of concussions in athletes have raised concerns about long-term health and calls for a deeper look into ways to prevent them from occurring. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the epidemiological data related to the mechanisms of concussions as a result of soccer, specifically within female participants.https://scholarworks.uark.edu/coesym25/1003/thumbnail.jp
The Effect of Maternal Anxiety of Breastfeeding Exclusivity and Duration
Get PDFThis study examined whether postpartum anxiety affects breastfeeding exclusivity and duration among mothers in Northwest Arkansas. While maternal anxiety was not a significant predictor, child age and infant birth order were associated with breastfeeding outcomes.https://scholarworks.uark.edu/coesym25/1012/thumbnail.jp
Knockin’ on Music’s Door: A Cross-Generational Study of the Formation of Tastes, Roles, and Affinities for Music
Get PDFThe music we love is a direct reflection of who we are. It shapes our identity, fuels our emotions, and connects us to the world around us. Whether it\u27s the anthems of our youth, the lyrics that put our feelings into words, or the melodies that bring back memories, music is woven into every stage of life. It influences the way we dress, the communities we belong to, and the way we see ourselves. Our playlists may evolve, but the connection remains the same. Music is more than just something we listen to; it’s a part of us
PILGRIMS ON THE UPWARD WAY: The African American Community in Eureka Springs and The Church at Its Heart
Get PDFOn May 13, 1899, an unknown hand began a ledger. The heading for that page began, Yeartley Conference Record Book of Pilgrim Chapel A.M.E. Church. The remainder of the page is blank. The following entry dates to April 18, 1902, and details collections in a different hand. These pages are from the Pilgrim Chapel AME Church in Eureka Springs and Harrison. From 1899 to 1911, this church served as the center of the African-American community in Eureka Springs, Arkansas, providing unwavering support to its members through community and worship. In time, they would buy land and build a church. The church would house a school. They would pay their pastor a stipend and eventually build a parsonage. The African-American community in Eureka Springs would disappate before the 1920s. This ledger in the University of Arkansas Special Collections provides insight into a time of unity and growth for a group of former enslaved people and their children. My presentation will share insights about the church and the ledger, part of ongoing research into this community and its members, and the reasons for the community’s abandonment.
Interestingly, local historians, including myself, considered this ledger lost. I spent hours looking for it in places documented in a 1985 local history book. I have been working on transcribing the ledger to glean information about the church and its members. This work aims to inform about Eureka Springs’ history and to spotlight a time in the history of former enslaved people. Because of natural disasters like fires and flooding, as well as the lack of accurate reporting for African Americans during this time, Eureka Springs newspaper archives are not available. Studying sources like photographs and the ledger has become essential to this work.https://scholarworks.uark.edu/hnrcsturpc25/1027/thumbnail.jp
The Effect of Parental Behavior on the Ontogeny of the Immune System in the Eastern Bluebird (\u3ci\u3eSialia sialis\u3c/i\u3e)
Get PDFPrevious research has explored the trade-offs between growth and immune endpoints in offspring since early development is critical in shaping adult responses to disease. However, an unexplored aspect of immune development is the influence of parental behavior on immune outcomes. I observed parental behavior during early development and its influence on offspring immune condition. To analyze parental behavior during incubation in the Eastern Bluebird, I quantified incubation constancy (percentage of time spent on the nest) and its impact on white blood cell ratios throughout development. Incubation constancy is useful in defining general trends in adult incubation behavior. Here, I have used it to examine how it influences aspects of immune condition critical to adult disease outcomes.
I used an established nest box system (208 boxes) managed for Eastern Bluebirds by the DuRant Lab in Fayetteville, AR. To examine parental behavior, I used data gathered from two-channel temperature loggers, in which one logger is placed inside and one outside the nest box. Using NestIQ (Hawkins and DuRant 2020), a program developed by the DuRant lab that uses machine learning to detect changes in parental behavior in relation to environmental temperature and nest temperature, my work has capitalized on recent advances in computer programming to quantify changes in animal behavior as it relates to environmental conditions. Blood samples were taken from Eastern Bluebird nestlings on day 5 and 10 of incubation. The samples had been previously collected and stained by William Kirkpatrick. The white blood cell count for a slide was completed by counting 100 white blood cells within the stained blood smear on a slide. Each blood cell that was counted was classified as a lymphocyte, heterophil, monocyte, eosinophil, or basophil. To calculate white blood cell ratios, I divided the number of heterophils and eosinophils by total lymphocyte numbers.
When examining the results for my project, I first compared Heterophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio and eosinophil count between days 5 and 10 for each individual bluebird. We found a significant change in both Heterophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio and eosinophil count from day 5 to day 10. From these results, it is evident that much more immune system development occurs between day 5 and day 10 rather than before day 5. This tells us that immune system development is not prioritized within the first 5 days post hatch. When looking at findings for constancy, there were no significant relationships between white blood cell count and parental behavior, except for monocyte count. Monocyte numbers were significantly predicted by adult constancy. There was not clear evidence to know if parental behavior influences the development of the immune system as a whole. These results can be used to understand more about the timeline of immune system development in the eastern bluebird. Additionally, these findings could be used to do further research into why parental behavior seems to only effect monocyte numbers and no other aspects of the immune system.https://scholarworks.uark.edu/hnrcsturpc25/1017/thumbnail.jp
Differences in cellular and humoral immune responses to a primary and secondary immunization with herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) vaccine in layer pullets
Get PDFIn poultry production, chickens are routinely vaccinated with live herpesvirus vaccines for protection from lymphoma causing Marek’s disease virus. However, information on the immune responses to these vaccines is limited. This study examined cellular and antibody responses to primary and secondary vaccinations with herpesvirus of turkey (HVT). Six unvaccinated 9-wk-old, and six HVT-vaccinated (s.c. at hatch) 19-wk-old, layer pullets received a first (V1) or a second (V2) HVT vaccination, respectively, by intradermal injection of HVT-vaccine into the pulp of growing feathers (GFs; 10 µL/GF; 16 GFs/bird). GFs were collected before (0h), and at 0.25, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10d post-pulp-injection (p.i.) and, blood, at 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28d p.i. To assess leukocyte profiles in GF-pulps, cell suspensions were prepared for immunofluorescent staining and leukocyte population analysis by FACS. ELISA was used to measure plasma levels of HVT-specific IgM and IgG. GF and blood data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and 2-way repeated measures ANOVA, respectively, to test effects of vaccine, time, and their interactions, followed by Tukey’s HSD tests when appropriate (P≤0.05 for all tests). Both V1 and V2 recruited leukocytes, primarily lymphocytes, by 1d p.i. (P≤0.05) with peak levels (% pulp cells) observed by 3d that were higher (P≤0.001) with V1 (54%) than with V2 (24%) and declined gradually to near 0h levels by 10d. Heterophils and macrophages peaked (4% each; P≤0.05) at 0.25d with both V1 and V2. However, V1 and V2 differed greatly in recruitment of T- and B-cells, with V1 recruiting much higher levels at 3, 5, and 7d (P≤0.05). While CD4+ T cells dominated the T cell response to V1, with elevated levels from 3 to 10d, CD8+ T cells were the most abundant T cells responding to V2, with peak levels on 1 to 3d p.i. (P≤0.05). Plasma HVT-IgM levels were elevated (P≤0.05) on 10 and 28d post V1 but did not change post V2. Similarly, HVT-IgG levels increased steadily post V1 (P≤0.05), reaching near maximal levels by 14d, while V2 did not stimulate a further increase. The temporal, qualitative, and quantitative differences in leukocyte presence at the site of HVT injection post V1 versus V2, suggest development of cell mediated immunity in response to HVT vaccination.https://scholarworks.uark.edu/hnrcsturpc25/1018/thumbnail.jp
Curated: The Impact of Architectural Sequence on the Journey through the Art Museum
Get PDFThe museum is a culturally significant institution used for learning, thought, and contemplation from its conceptualization in The Enlightenment Movement of the 17th century. The art museum has the potential to create a powerful relationship between the art and the architecture that houses it. The architecture of an art museum becomes a critical participant in the experience of art and affects the spaces in a dramatic way. If the art or architecture overpowers the other, the user experience is impacted; therefore, the connection created between the two within the museum is one of great importance. When a symbiotic connection, or a mutually beneficial relationship between the art and architecture is created harmony results, fostering a transforming experience for the museum patron. This research poses the question: What qualities create a symbiotic relationship between architecture and the viewing of art in an art museum? This research used three case studies, The Clyfford Still Museum, The Glenstone, and The Nasher Sculpture Center, and focused on extracting what architectural qualities aided in creating a symbiotic relationship between the art and architecture that resulted in a fully harmonious museum experience. A series of diagrams, photographs, and experience pastel drawings for each case study museum illuminated what elements functioned best within each museum to create harmony, or a balanced experience, with a final compilation of possible strategies for museum designers to reference to create a more accessible future for the museum typology
Stories from El Dorado: An Exploration of Art, Design, and Community Belonging
Get PDFThis project examines the history and cultural impact of the downtown arts district in El Dorado, Arkansas through a series of interviews with local community members conducted in February 2025. El Dorado is a city in Southwest Arkansas popularly known as “Arkansas’ first boomtown.” Since the discovery of oil in the area in 1921, El Dorado saw a rapid rise in population from 3,000 residents to nearly 30,000 residents. This rise in population brought in a desire for more entertainment, which led to the development of cultural institutions including the “new” Rialto Theater built in 1929 on top of the “old” theater that originally hosted 400 seats. The theater quickly became a cultural destination in the city, bringing large crowds and requiring an updated building with 1,400 seats, state-of-the-art equipment, mechanical systems, and acoustic systems.
Throughout the 20th century, El Dorado experienced a steady decline in population and started making efforts in 2017 to reinvigorate its cultural district through the formation of the Murphy Arts District, which includes an outdoor performance amphitheater, renovation planned for the Rialto Theater and an old furniture building, and the First Financial Music Hall.
Through video interviews with eight local community members, this project explores two primary questions: “How does art and design influence a community’s sense of belonging?” and “Where is the intersection between art, the built environment, and community storytelling?” More specifically, it seeks to understand how art and design have impacted El Dorado and its residents. The interviews are compiled into a 15-minute documentary that highlights stories of community and change in the El Dorado Arts District and its downtown area. Through these interviews, it became apparent that art and design is more integrated into the culture of El Dorado than the research originally showed, and these art and design aspects or programs create space for multiple communities to coexist
Creating a Website to Introduce and Inform Local Apparel Businesses’ Sustainability to Fayetteville College Students
Get PDFFast fashion has increased clothing consumption and waste, contributing to severe environmental consequences. Large retailers rapidly produce garments to keep up with microtrends, leading to consumer waste and unsustainable habits. This thesis aims to educate University of Arkansas students about fast fashion’s environmental impact and promote sustainable shopping practices. To achieve this goal a website will be created for educational purposes and will provide information on sustainability and fast fashion as well as local sustainable apparel businesses in Northwest Arkansas. The research draws from consumer behavior studies, business sustainability models, and the effectiveness of educational interventions on shopping habits. The website will offer accessible, engaging content to educate and encourage students to make eco-conscious decisions. The project\u27s success will be determined by the accessibility of the website. Ultimately, the project aims to bring awareness about fashion sustainability to the local community and inspire long-term changes in consumer behavior
Towards Multimodal Scene Graph Generation Approaches to Video Understanding
Get PDFThis thesis advances video understanding by enhancing Video Scene Graph Generation (VidSGG) through improved temporal modeling, the integration of long-range temporal dependencies via continuous updates to interaction histories, and the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) for scene graph reasoning. To this end, three novel datasets and corresponding approaches are introduced. First, the ASPIRe dataset incorporates interactivity annotations and leverages the Hierarchical Interlacement Graph (HIG) for hierarchical temporal modeling, providing deep insights into scene changes and effectively capturing intricate interactions. Next, the AeroEye dataset, focusing on drone videos, is paired with the Cyclic Graph Transformer (CYCLO), which establishes circular connectivity among video frames to model direct and long-range temporal relationships. Finally, the VSGR dataset, a new large-scale benchmark for advancing scene graph reasoning tasks, is introduced. Notably, the Multimodal LLMs on a Scene HyperGraph (HyperGLM) approach integrates hypergraph-based representations with LLMs, enabling more nuanced multimodal reasoning. These contributions significantly enhance dataset diversity, strengthen relationship modeling, and improve causal reasoning in VidSGG, resulting in state-of-the-art performance