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Integrative assessment of endocrine disruption: From in vitro mechanisms to species extrapolation – Highlights of the German Pharma-Tox Summit 2025
No full textThe central theme this year 2025 at the German Pharma Tox Summit in toxicology was endocrine disruption, reflecting growing scientific and regulatory interest in assessing endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) without reliance on animal testing. The poster I presented titled: “How an insecticide exerts its metabolic disrupting effects in vitro” fell under the topic of endocrine disruption and was therefore selected to be part of the annual highlights publication
Influence of processing factors on the estimation of consumer exposure to pesticide residues
No full textDietary exposure of xenobiotics is typically estimated by combining occurrence data with food consumption data. While consumption data typically refer to whole or processed foods, occurrence data such as pesticide residues are often collected for raw primary commodities (RPC). To bridge this gap, consumption data are often converted to RPC equivalents using food recipe data. However, food processing can significantly alter pesticide residue levels making it important to consider these changes in the form of processing factors (PF) when estimating the exposure. These PF can vary substantially depending on the specific recipe, processing method, and food commodities. This study aimed to quantify the influence of single food commodities on consumer exposure and evaluate the impact of applying PF. Results showed that within distinct food groups, only few commodities have a high sensitivity on the overall chronic dietary exposure. The estimated exposure decreases significantly when PF for these commodities are incorporated. For instance, the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) utilization at the 95th percentile for the food group citrus decreases from 35.9 % to 12.5 %, when PF for oranges are included. These findings support a more targeted approach in dietary exposure modelling by identifying food – processing combinations that significantly influence risk estimation
OSPAR RSC environmental concentration data – Germany (2024)
No full textÜberwachungsdaten zu anthropogenen radioaktiven Stoffen Fisch-, Muschel-, Garnelen- und Wasserpflanzenproben. Die Daten werden im Rahmen der Überwachung der Umweltradioaktivität gemäß §162 Strahlenschutzgesetz erhoben und sind gemäß AVV IMIS Eigentum von BfS und BMUV. Das Thünen-Institut übernimmt die Aufgabe der Datenerhebung und -weiterleitung entsprechend Artikel 7 der -Konvention. Empfohlene Zitierweise: Nogueira, P.M., Aust, M.-O., 2026. OSPAR RSC environmental concentration data – Germany (2023-2024). https://doi.org/10.3220/253-2025-25
Hygienisches Nährstoffrecycling durch thermophile Kompostierung von Trockentoiletteninhalten
No full textIdentification and Long-Term Detection of Hepacivirus bovis Genotype 1 and 2 on a Cattle Farm in Germany
No full textIn 2020, a dairy farm in northwest Germany reported several cows with severe respiratory disease, fever, and reduced milk production. Multiple direct and indirect diagnostic methods were used to identify the cause of the disease. However, the pathogens detected could not be correlated with the severity of the clinical symptoms, so further diagnostic steps were taken. Blood and nasal swab samples were examined using next-generation sequencing (NGS) as part of a metagenomic analysis. For the first time in Germany, Hepacivirus bovis genotype 2 was detected. Real-time RT-PCR assays confirmed the presence of BovHepV genotypes 1 and 2 in the herd between 2020 and 2023. Analyses of complete and partial genome sequences demonstrated the presence of different virus variants in the herd over several years. In addition, the sequence data indicated that cattle can be reinfected with viruses belonging either to different BovHepV subtypes or to the same subtype. Although no direct link could be established between the detection of bovine hepaciviruses and the observed clinical symptoms, the PCR and sequence data obtained provide valuable insights into the epidemiology and pathogenesis of BovHepV infections
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Infected Calves Showing Multisystemic Vasculitis on Postmortem Examination: A Summary of Six Cases
No full textLumpy skin disease (LSD) is a rapidly spreading transboundary viral disease of cattle and water buffalo that poses a significant threat to livestock health and economies of Bangladesh. Calf mortality is steadily increasing over time. This study documented fatal calf mortality with vasculitis-driven multisystemic pathology, which has been rarely reported in Bangladesh. To investigate the rising incidence of calf mortality in Bangladesh, this study conducted a pathological investigation of six deceased calves and molecular analyses of the viruses. Clinically affected calves in north-central Bangladesh exhibited high fever, skin nodules, lymphadenopathy, joint swelling, respiratory distress, ocular and nasal discharge, and edema. Cutaneous nodules often sloughed off, leaving deep ulcerative lesions. Gross pathology of six deceased calves revealed multisystemic lesions, including congestion and edema of the nasal passages, tracheitis, pulmonary consolidation, renal congestion and necrosis, hepatomegaly with multifocal necrosis, splenic atrophy, and lymphadenopathy. Histopathology demonstrated necrotizing inflammation, severe broncho-interstitial pneumonia, hepatic centrilobular necrosis, myocardial infarction, interstitial nephritis with vasculitis, and marked lymphoid depletion. Molecular detection confirmed moderate to high viral loads in the skin and internal organs, consistent with the pathological findings. Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis placed the isolates within cluster 1.2 (classical African/Kenyan sheep and goat pox [KSGP]-like lineage), with one strain clustering closely with isolates from India, Serbia, and Russia, indicating possible cross-border viral movement and genetic evolution. These findings confirm the continued circulation of classical cluster 1.2 LSD virus (LSDV) in Bangladesh, with accumulating genetic variation possibly enhancing virulence in calves. The study underscores the need for sustained genomic surveillance, expanded vaccination, and improved biosecurity to mitigate future LSD outbreaks
