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Krisenkommunikation im Netz: Wissens- und Wertekonflikte auf Social Media
No full textAm Beispiel der Coronavirus-Pandemie wird aufgezeigt, wie auf X (ehemals Twitter) und Instagram über Informationen zum Coronavirus kommuniziert wurde. Anhand von Zahlen (wie Infektionszahlen, Tests oder der Intensivbettenauslastung) wird dargestellt, wie insbesondere zu Beginn einer langanhaltenden Krise, gezeichnet von hoher Unsicherheit, Zahlen zum Dreh- und Angelpunkt von Wertekonflikten werden können
Safety evaluation of the food enzyme α‐amylase from the non‐genetically modified Aspergillus sp. strain FUA
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The effects of cow-calf-contact rearing on dairy animals' social traits - a pilot study
No full textEarly separation of the calf from the dam, mostly within 24 h after birth, is common for dairy cows, but cow-calf contact (CCC) rearing gets increasing interest from both practice and science. CCC rearing allows calves suckling their dam or foster cows for several weeks after birth. The early social environment can impact the development of social behaviour and personality traits. In this study, we investigated the effect of CCC as compared to early separation and rearing in a calf group during the first three month of life on social traits. Eighteen female Black-and-White-German-Holstein heifers and calves reared in a CCC system (Contact, n = 9) or with early separation and milk from an automated milk feeder (Automat, n = 9) in the first 12 weeks of life were studied after weaning (at least 6 months old) in two situations – in their respective social group and in a sociality test. The spontaneous social behaviour was recorded for 5 h per animal in the home pen via direct observation. The sociality test was performed in a familiar environment and comprised an isolation phase of 5 min followed by a 5 min reinstatement phase. Behaviour during the sociality test was analysed from video recordings. In addition, video material from the calving pens provided insights into the type and quantity of maternal care six Contact animals had received on the 1st and on the 3rd day of their life. Treatments were compared using linear mixed models for observations in the home pen and ANOVA for the sociality test with treatment, group and, partly, their interactions, as well as age and weight as independent variables. Potential associations of maternal contact behaviour with Contact animals’ affiliative interactions later in life were analysed by Spearman rank correlations. Contact animals showed more subordinate behaviours in the herd (P = 0.004). In isolation they were vigilant more often (P < 0.001) and looked longer towards the exit (P = 0.014) than artificially reared animals. However, we found no treatment effect on the frequency and duration of affiliative behaviour, nor animals’ latency to re-join their peers during the reinstatement-phase. There was a positive correlation between the amount of maternal contact received in the first days of life and the initiated affiliative (P = 0.043) and received affiliative interactions (P = 0.016) of Contact animals later in life. The results of our pilot study add some evidence in line with earlier findings suggesting that the allowance of maternal contact affects animals’ sociality and their social competence, i.e. reacting appropriately in social situations, later in life. In addition, the amount of maternal care seems to affect later affiliative behaviour. However, further research is needed with a larger number of animals and further social situations and challenges
Expert projections on the development and application of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage technologies
No full textBioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is a crucial element in most modelling studies on emission pathways of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to limit global warming. BECCS can substitute fossil fuels in energy production and reduce CO2 emissions, while using biomass for energy production can have feedback effects on land use, agricultural and forest products markets, as well as biodiversity and water resources. To assess the former pros and cons of BECCS deployment, interdisciplinary model approaches require detailed estimates of technological information related to BECCS production technologies. Current estimates of the cost structure and capture potential of BECCS vary widely due to the absence of large-scale production. To obtain more precise estimates, a global online expert survey (N = 32) was conducted including questions on the regional development potential and biomass use of BECCS, as well as the future operating costs, capture potential, and scalability in different application sectors. In general, the experts consider the implementation of BECCS in Europe and North America to be very promising and regard BECCS application in the liquid biofuel industry and thermal power generation as very likely. The results show significant differences depending on whether the experts work in the Global North or the Global South. Thus, the findings underline the importance of including experts from the Global South in discussions on carbon dioxide removal methods. Regarding technical estimates, the operating costs of BECCS in thermal power generation were estimated in the range of 100–200 USD/tCO2, while the CO2 capture potential was estimated to be 50–200 MtCO2yr−1 by 2030, with cost-efficiency gains of 20% by 2050 due to technological progress. Whereas the individuals' experts provided more precise estimates, the overall distribution of estimates reflected the wide range of estimates found in the literature. For the cost shares within BECCS, it was difficult to obtain consistent estimates. However, due to very few current alternative estimates, the results are an important step for modelling the production sector of BECCS in interdisciplinary models that analyse cross-dimensional trade-offs and long-term sustainability
Is there enough biomass to defossilise the chemicals and derived materials sector by 2050?
No full textThe Bio-based Industries Consortium (BIC) and the Renewable Carbon Initiative (RCI) commissioned a study from the nova-Institute with the co-operation of EuroCARE Agricultural Policy Research and the Thünen Institute of Forestry (TI-WF)
Reduction of environmental impact of biocides: Practical study of drift of biocide application equipment and development of drift mitigation measures
No full textTrainingsprotokolle für Laborkaninchen
No full textUm das Handling von Laborkaninchen weniger belastend zu gestalten, haben wir Clickertrainings-Protokolle für Prozeduren im Rahmen der Gesundheitskontrolle entwickelt und wissenschaftlich begleitet
Establishment of target group-specific communication structures in science
Full text link• The Copernicus Networking Office for Forests has established itself as a permanent contact point for information and activities related to remote sensing in forests • Remote sensing experts and practical users find a platform for exchange • Network structures must be maintained permanently in order to provide continuous benefit