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GENE ACTION AND HETEROSIS FOR QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN Brassica rapa L
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDINGThe experiment was carried out to evaluate the seven parents and 21 F
1
hybrid that
came from 7×7 half diallel cross of Brassica rapa, excluding reciprocals, for twelve
yield and yield contributing attributes. The half diallel mating procedure was doneduring Rabi season 2021-2022 to develop 21 F
1
hybrids. A set of 7×7 half diallel cross
(excluding reciprocals) of B. rapa along with their parents were evaluated to estimategenetic variability, correlation among the characters, path coefficient analysis, heteroticeffects and general and specific combining ability of parents and crosses respectivelyat Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University research field during Rabi 2022-2023 atRandomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results revealed that allthe observations exhibited high heritability in broad sense. Correlation revealed that at
phenotypic level, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of
secondary branches per plant and number of siliquae per plant showed positive and
significant correlation with yield, while plant height and number of siliquae per plantshowed significant positive association at genotypic level. Path analysis revealed thatdays to first flowering (0.049), days to 50% flowering (0.745), number of primarybranches per plant (0.305), number of siliquae per plant (2.224), siliqua length (0.022),beak length (0.342), number of seeds per siliqua (1.734) and thousand seeds weight(0.821) has direct positive effects towards yield. Higher σ
2
sca than σ
2
gca was reportedfor all the characters, indicating non-additive gene action prevailing for the inheritanceof the traits. The parental lines P5 and P6 were reported best general combiner forearliness, where P2 act as for dwarfness and P5 for yield. Among the hybrids, V15
(P3×P7), V3 (P1×P4) and V13 (P3×P5) found as best specific combiner for earlymaturity where V10 (P2×P6), V11 (P2×P7), V21 (P6×P7) and V7 (P2×P3) found bestspecific combiner for dwarfness. The crosses V2 (P1×P3) and V18 (P4×P7) found as
best specific combiner for yield. In heterosis analysis, the hybrids V15 (-16.49%), V13
(-24.77%) and V19 (-16.49%) showed higher magnitude of negative heterosis over
mid-parent, better parent and check variety, respectively for days to first flowering. For
days to maturity, V14 (P3×P6) exhibited highest negative heterosis over mid parent (7.98%),
better parent (-10.69%) and check variety (-5.46%). For plant height, V10
(P2×P6) showed highest negative heterosis over mid parent (-16.41%), better parent (17.91%)
and check variety (-14.38%), which can be used for development of dwarf
variety. For number of primary branches per plant, V7 (P2×P3) and V17 (P4×P6)
represented significant amount of positive heterosis over mid parent, better parent and
check variety. V18 exhibited significant positive heterosis for number secondary
branches per plant over mid parent and better parent. The highest heterotic advantage
for number of seeds per siliqua over mid parent and better parent was observed by V10
(P2×P6). The most heterotic hybrids over check variety for seed yield per plant were
V4 (28.14%) which was followed by V2 (27.20%) and V13 (25.33%). Vr-Wr graph
showed over dominance for days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant,
number of seeds per siliqua and thousand seed weight, and thus heterosis breeding is
important to improve those traits
PLANT GROWTH AND BULB QUALITY OF GARLIC IN RELATION TO APPLICATION OF HUMIC ACID AND SALICYLIC ACID
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Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTUREA field study was carried out at Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University in Dhaka, during the period from November 2020 to April 2021 to observe the
effect of humic acid and salicylic acid on garlic growth, yield and bulb quality. In this
experiment, four distinct levels of humic acid H
ii
0
= 0 ppm, H
1
= 100 ppm, H
= 200 ppm,
and H
3
= 400 ppm and four levels of salicylic acid S
0
= 0 ppm, S
1
= 25 ppm, S
= 50 ppm,
and S
= 100 ppm were utilized. The experiment was conducted under Randomized
Complete Block Design with three replications. The maximum plant height (59.92 cm),
neck diameter (0.93 cm), leaf length (53.90 cm), bulb diameter (3.99 cm), bulb length
(3.84 cm), single bulb weight (27.69 gm), bulb yield (7.65 t/ha), phosphorus content (8.55
mg), potassium content (52.31 mg), sulfur content (35.59 mg),total vitamin C content
(12.77 mg/100 g), and total soluble solids (15.57%) were found at H
3
(400 ppm humic
acid) treatment while the lowest result found in control. The maximum number of leaves
(8.76) was found in H
2
3
treatment and maximum number of cloves (22.93) was found in H
treatment. The maximum plant height (59.36 cm), highest number of leaves plant-
(8.85)
, leaf length (48.84 cm), neck diameter (0.93 cm), bulb length (3.66 cm), single bulb
weight ( 25.71 gm), number of cloves (21.78), bulb yield (7.39 t ha-
1
2
2
1
) were found in S
(100 ppm) salicylic acid treatment. Significantly the highest bulb yield, phosphorus
content, potassium content, sulfur content, total vitamin C content, total soluble solids
content were obtained by H
3
S
3
treatment, whereas the lowest result recorded from H
(control). In order to sustain better development and improve of garlic yield and quality,
the treatment of 400 ppm humic acid with 100 ppm salicylic acid would be the ideal
choice
DIRECT AND RESIDUAL EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATERIAL (SHRIMP SHELL POWDER) ON RADISH-SPINACH CROPPING SYSTEM
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
SOIL SCIENCETwo consecutive pot experiments were conducted under the net house of Sher-e-
Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, during November
2020 to January 2021, to investigate direct and residual the effect of organic
material (shrimp shell powder) on yield performance of radish- spinach cropping
system. BARI mulashak-1 was used as first crop and BARI palonshak-1 was used
as second crop. After harvesting first crop (radish), the second crop (spinach) was
sown without using any plant nutrients. The experiment was consisted of single
factor with eight (8) treatments & four (4) replications following Completely
Randomized Block
Design
(RCBD).The treatments were,
T
: 0% shrimp shell
powder, T
2
: 0.1% shrimp shell powder, T
ii
3
1
: 0.2% shrimp shell powder, T
: 0.3%
shrimp shell powder , T
5
: 0.4% shrimp shell powder , T
: 0.5% shrimp shell
powder, T
7
: 0.75% shrimp shell powder and T
8
6
: 1% shrimp shell powder
. Result
revealed that significant variation
was observed in germination (%), plant height
(cm pot
-1
), fresh weight (g pot
-1
), oven dry weight (g pot
-1
) pot of radish and
spinach. In case of first crop (radish), the yield and yield contributing characters
increased significantly and the treatment
T
4
and T
show similar and better
performance than others but in the treatment T
7
5
and T
8,
negative response was
observed as germination (%) has dropped suddenly. In case of second crop
(spinach),
the yield and yield contributing characters positively responded with
the increased rate of organic material (shrimp shell powder) and highest plant
height (34.28cm pot
-1
), highest average fresh weight (308g pot
)and average
oven dry weight (20.5g pot
-1
) was observed in treatment T
8
compared to control
treatment T
1
.
Significant variation over the control was also observed on soil
nutrient content like soil OC (%) , total N (%), available phosphorus (ppm) &
available sulphur (ppm) content. The result showed that application of shrimp
shell powder improves soil pH in both post- harvest soil of first crop and post-
harvest soil of residual crop.
So, overall
result indicated that application of
organic material (shrimp shell powder) in soil has significant impact on growth
and yield of first crop (radish) and second crop (spinach) and on chemical
properties of soil
Evaluation of reproductive performance of indigenous buffaloes at Sreemangal Upazila
Get PDFABSTRACT
The present study was conducted with a view to knowing the reproductive performance of indigenous
buffaloes at Sreemangal Upazila under the Moulovibazar district. Data were collected on a regular basis
in 2021 from thirty (30) families by written interview paper. Out of 30 families; 26 own 33 milch
buffaloes, 17 dry buffaloes, 12 heifer calves, 7 bull calves, and 10 bullocks were counted for calculation.
This study demonstrated that the distribution of buffalo populations was scattered and the average
buffalo populations were 3.038 per house-holds. The evaluated reproductive performance of indigenous
buffaloes found the age at puberty was 44.06 ± 2.13 months, lactation length 204.70±20.68 days, milk
yield 1.88±0.702 liters/day, gestation period 307.00±2.11 days, body weight 27.26±1.55 kg/calf, age at
first calving 53.84±1.48 months, calving interval 1.72±.548 years and the average post-partum heat
period was 147.6±18.68 days. The study revealed that the reproductive performance of the buffaloes
was varying among breeds, farms, locations, areas, seasons, and management in the study area. In a
concrete manner, this study gives a complete scenario of the reproductive performance of indigenous
buffaloes at Sreemangal Upazila under the Moulovibazar district of Bangladesh which is strictly
controlled by genetic and non-genetic factors
INSECT PEST INFESTATION STATUS ON LOCAL POTATO VARIETY (LAL PAKRI) AND THEIR BIORATIONAL MANAGEMENT
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Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYPotato, Solanum tuberosum L. is the king of vegetables in Bangladesh. Potato is a prominent
crop in consideration of production and its internal demand in Bangladesh. An experiment was
conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,Bangladesh
during the period from October, 2020 to September,2021 study the effect of different insecticides
in controlling potato insects. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block
Design replicated with three times. For this study, seven treatment combinations like T
1
=
Spraying Neem oil @5ml/L of water; T
2
= Spraying Neem seed kernel extract @5g/L of water;
T
3
= Spraying Spinosad @0.5ml/L of water; T
4
= Buprofezin 40wp @0.5g/L; T
5
= Emamectin
Benzoate 1ml/L; T
6
= Matrin @1ml/L and T
7
= Untreated control. Neem oil (T
1
) showed the best
performance in terms of insect incidence of aphid, cutworm and field cricket, potato tuber
infestation by number and weight and yield (2.54 aphid/5 tagged plants, 0.85 cutworm per plot,
1.61 field cricket per plot, 18.88%, 5.79% and 48.76 t/ha, respectively). In case of Jassid
infestation Emamectin Benzoate (T
5
) showed the best performance 1.82 Jassid/5 tagged plants.
The natural enemy ladybird beetle was found high in T
1
applied field (4.18 ladybird beetle/5
tagged plants). So, from this study it can be revealed that, neem oil can play an important role in
reducing the incidence of insect pests of potato as well as increase the incidence of natural
enemies and yield of potato in the field condition
EFFECTS OF BACTERIOPHAGE SUPPLEMENTED DIET ON INTESTINAL BENEFICIARY MICROFLORA AND PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER
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Submitted to the Department of Poultry Science
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
In Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN POULTRY SCIENCEThe Experiment was done to investigate the effects of dietary bacteriophage (BP)
supplementation on production performance and status of microflora in excreta along
with carcass characteristics in broilers. A total of 600 day old broiler chicks were reared
randomly allotted in 5 treatment groups having 4 replications R
1,
R
2,
R
3
and R
.Where each
replication contain 30 birds for 5 weeks at SAU Poultry Farm, Dhaka-1207.These dietary
treatments were designed as T
0
(Control diet), T
(Control+ 0.5g Bacteriophage per kg
feed),T
2
(Control+ 0.75g Bacteriophage per kg feed ) ,T
1
(Control+1g Bacteriophage per kg
feed) and T
4
3
( Control+ANT 0.05g per Kg Feed). In broilers the inclusion of antibiotic and
bacteriophages directly affect the feed intake (P= 0.002) among the five groups.BWG
(Body Weight Gain) in T
group was higher(2209.00 ±16.45 gm) which showed
significant differences (P<0.05) among the other groups. LW (Live weight), FC( Feed
Consumption) and FCR(Feed Conversion Ratio) at the end of 5
1
th
week were significant
(P< 0.05) in different group, however better BWG, LW, FC were found in treated group T
where BWG, LW and FC were 2209.00 ±16.45 gm , 2251.00±16.45 gm & 3069.00±22.70
gm respectively. Whereas FCR performance was positively correlated with the levels of
bacteriophage given in the diet. Highest FCR (1.39 ± 0.02) found in T
treatment.
However, there are insignificant effect found in survivability (P >0.05) at 35 days of age
of broiler .Bacteriophage group showed significant results in case of liver ,spleen, heart
& breast weight compared to control and antibiotic except the gizzard weight . Results
demonstrated that the average ammonia level was same at the end of the 1
week ,
however it varied significantly (P<0.05) at the 3
rd
& 4
th
weeks of age (10.10±0.57 ppm &
13.75 ± 1.02 ppm). But at the end of 5
th
week T
2
& T
group showed highest ammonia
emissions (18.50± 0.65 ppm & 18.25± 0.85 ppm respectively). Ammonia emissions were
found lowest in T
1
3
(13.25±1.38 ppm).Flock uniformity demonstrated significant
differences between the control and T
Group (67.72± 4.27 %.).The lactobacillus was
significantly (P<0.05) lower in antibiotic and control group rather than the bacteriophage
supplemented diet . T
1
1
showed highest lactobacillus (3.97 ± 0.13 CFU/ml) and T
showed
the lowest (0.43± 0.07 CFU/ml). In conclusion, it can be said that , bacteriophage
supplementation has beneficial effects on production performance of broiler and it can
expand the beneficiary microbes in guts of commercial broiler chicken
EFFECT OF HOST MATERIALS ON BIOLOGY OF CIGARETTE BEETLE, Lasioderma serricorne (F.)
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Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYThe cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) is a serious insect pest of many stored products,
spices and dried fruits. The experiment was conducted to know the effect of host materials on the
biology of cigarette beetle in laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University (SAU) during July to December, 2021. This research was laid out in a
Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting six host materials such as coriander, maize,
rice, lentil, chickpea and wheat in free choice and no choice test. The mean incubation, larval and
pupal period, adult longevity, and total life cycle ranged from 6.0-8.0, 23.0- 26.0, 5.0-8.0, 8.010.0
and
43.5-
51.0 days respectively on different host materials in no choice test. The average
survivability of egg, larva and pupa varied from 61.38-78.90, 75.67- 87.87 and 74.65-85.20%,
respectively in no choice test and 66.87- 79.75, 71.73- 87.87 and 67.31- 85.20%, respectively in
free choice test. The mean number of adult developed on six host material
was 10.25- 80.00 in no
choice test and 2.25- 107.30 in free choice test. The order of six host materials on the effect of
duration and survivability of cigarette beetle is lentil > wheat > chickpea > maize > rice >
coriander. The weight of pupa and larva was varied from 15.18-22.0 g and 6.03-11.98 g,
respectively on six host grains in free choice test. Average number of adult developed from six
host materials ranged from 10.25-80.00 and 2.25- 107.30, respectively in no choice and free
choice test. Lentil was the most preferable host material of cigarette beetle and coriander was the
least one in terms of egg hatching, larva and pupa survivability
INFLUENCE OF SEEDLING LEAF CLIPPING AND PLANT SPACING ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BRRI Dhan80
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRONOMYA field experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
during the Aman season of June to November 2021, to the study influence of seedling
leaf clipping and plant spacing on growth and yield of BRRI dhan80. The experiment
was consisted of two factors, and followed Randomized Complete Block Design with
three replications. The factors were as Factor A: Seedling leaf clipping (3) viz; C
= No
seedling clipping, C
1
= Top 1/3
rd
portion clipping, C
2
= Top 1/2
nd
portion clipping and
Factor B: Different plant spacing (4) viz; S
1
= 25 cm × 25 cm, S
2
= 25 cm × 20 cm, S
=
20 cm × 20 cm and S
= 20 cm × 15 cm. Experimental results revealed that, growth and
yield of aromatic rice significantly influenced due to seedling leaf clipping. The highest
panicle length (23.79 cm), filled grains panicle
4
-1
(130.52), 1000-grain weight (24.43 g),
grain yield (4.59 t ha
-1
), straw yield (5.99 t ha
-1
), biological yield (10.58 t ha
) and
harvest index (43.29 %) were observed from C
(No seedling clipping) treatment. In the
case of different plant spacings, the highest panicle length (24.01 cm), filled grains
panicle
-1
0
(134.10) and 1000-grain weight (24.82 g) were observed in S
(25 cm × 25 cm)
treatment. However, the highest grain yield (4.61 t ha
-1
1
), straw yield (6.04 t ha
),
biological yield (10.66 t ha
-1
) and harvest index (43.22 %) were observed in S
(20 cm ×
15 cm) treatment. In the case of treatment combination, C
0
S
(No seedling clipping along
with 20 cm × 15 cm plant spacing) gave the highest grain yield (5.11 t ha
4
), straw yield
(6.32 t ha
-1
), biological yield (11.42 t ha
-1
) and harvest index (44.71 %) whereas the
lowest of these values were observed from C
2
S
1
combination (Top 1/2
nd
portion seedling
clipping along with 20 cm × 15 cm plant spacing). Based on the above findings, it would
be considered that no seedling leaf clipping treatment along with 20 cm × 15 cm plant
spacing (C
0
S
) would be helpful to enhance better grain yield production of BRRI
dhan80
EVALUATION OF SELECTED CULTURE MEDIA FOR GROWTH AND SPORULATION OF Alternaria ISOLATE CAUSING GREY BLIGHT DISEASE OF MUSTARD AND ITS MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION
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Submitted to the Department of Plant Pathology,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
or the degree of
CAUSED BY Alternaria spp.
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
PLANT PATHOLOGYMustard (Brassica spp.) is the most important oilseed crop in Bangladesh and Grey blight
disease caused by Alternaria sp. is a major constraint causing severe yield loss every year.
For the reason to study cultural, morphological and molecular characterization of the
pathogen is very important. The experiment was conducted in the Molecular biology and
plant virology laboratory, Department of plant pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka-1207. For molecular characterization of the pathogen fungal DNA was
extracted from the pure culture of Alternaria isolate and PCR amplification was done using
the ITS primer which was designed to amplify at 700 bp. To study the growth and
sporulation of Alternaria, 11 media were selected viz. T
1
= Dehydrated Potato Dextrose
Agar (D-PDA) media, T
2
= Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media, T
3
= Corn Meal Agar
(CoMA) media, T
4
= Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA) media, T
5
= Potato Glucose Agar (PGA)
media , T
6
= Mustard Potato Dextrose Agar (MPDA) media, T
7
= Mustard Potato Sucrose
Agar (MPSA) media, T
8
= Mustard Potato Glucose Agar (MPGA) media, T
9
= Cabbage
Potato Dextrose Agar (CPDA) media, T
10
= Cabbage Potato Sucrose Agar (CPSA) media
and T
11
= Cabbage Potato Glucose Agar (CPGA) media. From the study of the cultural and
morphological characteristics, it was found that the highest radial mycelial growth was
observed in CoMA media but spread very thinly. The best media selected for radial
mycelial growth was D-PDA media from this study. In case of sporulation, MPGA media
gave the highest spore concentration. From the molecular characterization study, the
nucleotide sequence of Alternaria isolate had showed 99% similarities with the existing
nucleotide sequences and closely related to Alternaria brassicicola that globally found in
GenBank database
INFLUENCE OF HERBICIDES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND CONTROLLING WEEDS IN DIRECT-SEEDED AUS RICE
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRONOMYA field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from March to August 2022, to investigate the efficiency of
herbicides against weeds and influence on growth, yield and yield contributing parameters of
direct-seeded rice aus rice of Bangladesh. The experiment consisted of 13 treatments viz.,
Unweeded (control), partial weeding (two-hand weeding at 20 and 40 Days After Sowing), weedfree,
Butachlor (25 kg ha
-1
), Pendamethyline (2 L ha
ii
-1
), Pretilachlor (1 L ha
), BispyribacSodium
(25
g
ha
-1
), Butachlor (25 kg ha
-1
) + Bispyribac-Sodium (25 g ha
-1
), Pendamethyline (2 L
ha
1
-1
) + Bispyribac-Sodium (150 g ha
-1
-1
), Pretilachlor 6% + Pyrazosulfuron- ethyl 0.15% (2 kg ha
), Pretilachlor 30% + Pyrazosulfuron- ethyl 0.75% (2 kg ha
-1
), Acitachlor 14% + Bensulfuron
methyl 4% (3 kg ha
-1
), 2, 4-D Amine (2.24 L ha
-1
). The test rice variety was BRRIdhan 98. The
experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design having 3 replications. Seeds were
sown directly on 29 March 2022. Seventeen weed species infested the experimental field
belonging to 10 families, where the most dominating were broadleaf and grass weed species.
Among the weeds, Digitaria ischaemum was the most dominant weed at 20, 40, and 60 DAS,
followed by Physalis heterophylla and Digitaria sanguinalis. The sequential application of
Pendimethalin and Bispyribac-Sodium herbicides treated plots recorded minimum weed density
m
-2
(0.0, 2.33, and 4.00) and weed dry weight (0.00, 0.57, and 1.25 g) at 20, 40, and 60 DAS,
respectively. The highest weed control efficiency (100, 88.46 and 80.66 %) at 20,40 and 60 DAS
among all herbicidal treatments and also the highest weed control index (97.31 and 99.16%,
respectively) at 60 and 90 DAS. Among the weed management practices weed-free and partial
weeding notably reduced the weed counts, higher growth and yield attributes and grain yields. It
was statistically at par with applying Pendamethyline (2 L ha
-1
) followed by Bispyribac-Sodium
(25 g ha
-1
), which ultimately gave the highest grain yield was obtained from weed free treatment
followed by partial weeding. But from economic view of point, partial weeding and
Pendimethalin + Bispyribac-sodium showed almost similar benefit-cost ratio.Therefore,
Pendamethyline (2 L ha
-1
) and Bispyribac-Sodium (25 g ha
-1
) were found as the best broadspectrum
effective
herbicides
to
manage
the
various
weed
flora
in
direct-seeded
aus
rice