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FUTURE FARMING ENABLING SDG AND AGRO 4.0 IR
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Although the safe food demand is continuously growing. By 2050 we. will need to
grow 70 percent more food. The reality is that very little innovation has taken
place in the industry of late - in any case. Four main developments are placing
pressure on the legacy agriculture model in meeting the demands of the future:
demographics, scarcity of natural resources, climate changes, and food waste are
all intensifying the hunger and food scarcity. Agriculture 4.0 will never depend on
applying water, fertilizers and pesticides uniformly across entire field. Instead,
farmers will use minimum quantities required and target very specific areas.
Future agriculture will use different sensors, devices, machines, aerial images,
GPS, precision agro, robotics tech, and IT that will be more efficient profitable,
safe and environment friendly. Considering these few experiments were
conducted at Indoor grow-house of FAB LAB in Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University to evaluate the development of microgreens produces and evaluation
of growth and nutritional profile under different LEOs light combination. The
experiment comprised of two factors, viz., Factor Four different crops ( C 1:
Mustard, C2: Lettuce, C3: Broccoli, C4: Radish) and five different levels of LEDs
light (White Ll: 100; Red L2: 100; Blue L3: 100; Red: Blue L4: 70:30; Red:
Green: Blue L5: 70: 10:20). Among the different crops, the highest yield got in
(108.67gm) was found from CI and the lowest (78.27gm) from C3. Considering
the LEOs light treatment, L2 produced the highest yield (125.67) and the lowest
(76gm) was from LI and L4. Regarding the interaction effect, the highest yield of
treatment (251 gm) was obtained from treatment combination L2C I and the lowest
(64gm) from L4Cl. According to single treatments and treatment combinations
C I, L2 and L4C I performed significantly better in terms of hypocotyl length,
chlorophyll fresh and dry weight of individual plants. L4C I performed better than
others for marketable qualities and safety parameter. The highest (1701BDT) and
lowest (1344BDT) gross income was obtained from L4Cl and LIC] treatment
combination, respectively. So, combination of red and blue light (70:30) can be
economically used for mustard micro-green production. Again, Yield performance
of lettuce and pak-choi in hydroponic under rooftop and indoor conditions. Yield
contributing parameters and yield of pakchoi at harvest influenced by different
LED-light spectral ratios. We also conducted few more loT based device and
developed solar powered agri-machineries combating carbon emissions etc.
Agriculture 4.0 is disrupting the system is doable with new technologies.
Keywords: 4 Agro-IR. LED treatment. Indoor farming. Safe vegetables productio
INCIDENCE AND BIORATIONAL BASED MANAGEMENT OF INSECT PESTS OF STEM AMARANTH
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYThe experiment was conducted at the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh to evaluate the incidence and
biorational based management of insect pests of stem amaranth during the period from
January 2021 to April 2021. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) with four replications. Six treatments, viz. Treatment T
1
(Field sanitation
+ Spraying Bio-neem plus botanical insecticide @ 1.5 ml/L at the 7 days intervals); T
2
(Mechanical control + Canola oil@ 1.0 ml/L with 10ml liquid detergent at the 7 days
intervals); T
3
(Yellow sticky board traps + Baking soda 1gm/L at the 7 days intervals); T
4
(Soap water + Neem oil @ 1.5 ml/L with 10ml liquid detergent at the alternate 7 days
intervals); T
5
(Field sanitation + Spraying Spinosad M-45 @ 0.5 ml/L at the 7 days
intervals) and T
7
(untreated control) were included in this study. In case of different
treatments performance, T
5
(Field sanitation + Spraying Spinosad M-45 @ 0.5 ml/L at the
7 days intervals) showed the best results in terms of lower incidence of insect pests of
stem amaranth, number of leaves per plants, number of plants per plot, plant height, yield
per plot and total yield (ton/ha). In term of total number of plants per plot, the highest
number of plants per plot (30.54) was recorded from T
5
treatment was closely similar with
others treatment except untreated control respectively. In term of yield of total stem
amaranth, the highest yield of total stem (36.92 t/ha) was observed in T
5
treatment which
was closely similar with others treatment except untreated control. There was negative
relationship present in incidence of insect pests of stem amaranth with the yield of stem
amaranth, i.e. when the total yield (t/ha) was decreased due to increased insect pests of
stem amaranth. From the study, it may be concluded that treatment T
5
(Field sanitation +
Spraying Spinosad M-45 @ 0.5 ml/L at the 7 days intervals) as more effective of different
treatment for the incidence and biorational based management on insect pests of stem
amaranth which was followed by spraying of T
1
(Field sanitation + Spraying Bio-neem
plus botanical insecticide @ 1.5 ml/L at the 7 days intervals)
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN F7 POPULATION OF Brassica napus L
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Submitted to faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDINGThe experiment was conducted using 38 promising genotypes of Brassica napus L.
during November 2019 to March 2020 at the experimental field of Sher-e Bangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka. The study focused on correlation between eleven
yield-contributing traits, direct and indirect impacts of several characters on yield per
plant, heritability, genetic advance in order to evaluate genotypes. Significant
differences were found for all of the variables after doing a variance analysis. Days to
first flowering, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches
per plant, siliqua length (cm), seeds per siliquae, thousand seeds weight (g), and seeds
yield per plant all showed the smallest difference between phenotypic and genotypic
variation. The number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches
per plant, number of siliqua per plant, and yield per plant all showed substantial
genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation . The number of secondary
branches per plant had the highest genotypic co-efficient of variation (42.39) and
phenotypic co-efficient of variation (46.93). In number of siliqua per plant, high
heritability (68.91) was combined with high genetic advance (55.72), indicating that
this quality was under additive gene action and that selection for genetic improvement
would be effective. In terms of correlation, the number of secondary branch per plant,
siliqua length (cm), seeds per siliqua, and thousand seeds weight (cm) all had positive
significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations with yield per plant. Days to 50%
flowering (0.236), days to maturity (0.396), plant height (0.552), number of siliquae
per plant (0.113), siliqua length (0.474), and seeds per siliquae (2.256) all had a
positive and direct effect on yield per plant, indicating that they were the most
important contributors to seed yield per plant. The path coefficient analysis was
carried out using the correlation coefficient to determine direct and indirect influence.
The most promising genotypes for a future research program were chosen after taking
into account the genetic parameter, other agronomic characteristics, and the
achievement of the objectives. These genotypes were G8, G9, G18, G21, and G14
GENETIC VARIABILITY, CORRELATION AND PATH CO-EFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) GENOTYPES
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDINGTwenty-five genotypes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were evaluated in a Complete
Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications at the net house of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka to study the variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis from
October, 2021 to March, 2022 in Rabi season. The genotypes were found significantly variable
for all the characters studied. Comparatively phenotypic variance was higher than the genotypic
variance for all the characters. The high genotypic co-efficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient
of
variation
values
were
observed
for
yield
per
plant
(kg).
Maximum
difference
between
phenotypic
and
genotypic
co-efficient
of
variation
were
30.31
and
13.82.
Days
to
first
flowering,
days
to first
fruiting,
no.
of
primary
and
secondary
branches
per
plant, total
number
of
fruits
per
cluster,
skin diameter of fruit (mm), fruit pH, individual fruit wt. (g) and yield per plant (kg)
showed high heritability along with genetic advance in percentage of mean, indicating high
variability among these traits. The significant positive correlation with yield per plant (kg) was
found in number of fruits per cluster, individual fruit weight (g). Both genotypic and phenotypic
variance level indicated the importance of these traits in selection for increasing yield and were
identified as yield attributing characters. Thus, selection can be relied upon these characters for
the genetic improvement of yield for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). According to path coefficient
analysis,
number
of
primary
branches
per
plant
had
the
lowest
positive
direct
effect
and
individual
fruit
weight
(g)
had
the
highest
positive
direct
effect
on
yield.
Days
to
first flowering,
plant
height
(cm), number of secondary branches per plant, total number of fruits per cluster,
individual fruit wt. (g) all had positive direct impact on yield per plant (kg), suggesting that direct
selection based on these traits may be useful in the development of high yielding tomato
genotypes. Considering genotypic variability and morphological characteristics of experimental
tomato genotypes G5, G6, G7, G8, G13, G16, G18, G20 and G21 might be suggested as parents
for future breeding program
EFFECT OF DECOMPOSED SHRIMP SHELL POWDER ON THE GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF INDIAN SPINACH (Basella alba)
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
SOIL SCIENCEChitin and chitosan are naturally-occurring compounds that have potential use in
agriculture. Shrimp shell powder was decomposed with cowdung and the decomposed
shrimp shell powder was analyzed and found as a good source of plant nutrition and
soil productivity. A field experiment was conducted at the net house of Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka-1207, during the period from December, 2020
to March , 2021 to study the effect of decomposed shrimp shell powder on the growth,
yield and nutrient content under Indian spinach (Basella alba) cultivation. The
experiment was designed with eight treatments using seven different levels of the
decomposed shrimp shell powder and the treatments were as follows: T
1
=0.1%,
T
3
=0.5%, T
4
=1%, T
5
=2%, T
6
=3%, T
7
=4%, T
8
=5%. The experiment was laid out in a
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Results revealed
that application of the decomposed shrimp shell powder significantly improves plants
growth characters viz. plant height, fresh weight, oven dry weight etc. and also
improves nutrient content of post-harvest soil viz. OM & OC, total nitrogen, available
phosphorous & available sulphur. Results also revealed that application decomposed
SSP improves soil pH. With the increasing dose of the decomposed SSP, most of the
morphological and yield attributes of Indian spinach as well as soil fertility were
increased. Whereas, control plants showed the lowest value of above parameters. The
maximum, yield and nutrient status of post-harvest soil were recorded in T
8
. The
experimental results revealed that the decomposed SSP had no negative impact on the
production of Indian spinach. 3% and 4% application of the decomposed SSP in soil
also gives similar yield as 5% application. The experimental results disclosed that T8
having 5% application of decomposed SSP performed well and produced maximum
plant height, total fresh weight , oven dry weight of Indian spinach. The treatments T
5
,
T
6
, T
7
had statistically similar results with the treatment T
8
in case of plant height and
fresh weight. The treatment T
7
had highest individual plant weight. Results also showed
that T
8
had maximum value of soil chemical characteristic such as soil organic matter
content, organic carbon content, total nitrogen, available phosphorous and available
sulphur content in post-harvest soil. Soil pH value was also increased by using the
organic manure/material. Taken together, the results indicate that the application of the
decomposed SSP in soil has a significant effect on the growth & yield and nutrient
content of Indian spinach and it also improves the soil fertility. The material could play
a significant role in organic vegetable production
IMPACT OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN AGRICULTURE ON CHILD LABOUR IN NARSINGDI DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
Get PDFA thesis submitted to the department of Agricultural Economics, Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSOne of the most effective strategies for reducing child labour is women empowerment. The key
purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of women empowerment through
agriculture and reduction of child labour in some villages at Narsingdi district in Bangladesh. A
pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect data through face to face interview from
randomly selected sample size of 100 respondents from some villages. The logistic regression
model is used here to assess the impact of women’s empowerment on child labour. The main
findings indicated that about 98% respondents had child helping hand who don’t use to go to
school, but after starting work of the women of that family the education, nutrition of the chlildren
increases. Agriculture as well as livestock rearing was the main occupation among the
respondents. Most of the respondents were found owner and labour of their work. Their main
source of income provided from some occupation like- business, service, fish farming, livestock
rearing, and day laboring. The respondents have overall good farming experience. Most of the
respondents (99%) have Leadership quality and were able to make their own decision. The
economic participation rate in family of the respondents was very high (100%), on the other hand
they (18%) had little loan opportunities. The study suggests that there needs a lot of work for
empowering women to eradicate child labour. Government and nongovernment organizations
should take proper step to increase women empowerment as well as ensure women’s fundamental
rights make their life easy and make them more empowered so that women can generate income
and be provided with greater access to finance then families can be lifted out of poverty and
children are more likely to stay in school. Because the additional income helps families to mitigate
the need to rely on children for labour. As a result, it is apparent that as women empowerment
rises the problem of child labour decrease
INFLUENCE OF PLANTING METHODS AND SPACING ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF RADISH SEED
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to the Institute of Seed Technology,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
In Partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
SEED TECHNOLOGYAn experiment was carried out to study the influence of planting methods and spacing on
yield and quality of radish seed at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University (SAU), from November 2021 to March 2022. Three planting methods viz. M
1
= Direct sowing of seed, M
2
= 1/3 cutting of root and M
3
= 2/3 cutting of root were
comprised with plant spacings viz., S
1
= 30 cm × 20 cm, S
2
= 30 cm × 30 cm, S
3
= 30 cm
× 40 cm. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)
with three replications. Different planting methods showed significant variation for
growth, yield contributing parameters, yield and quality parameters of radish. The
planting method M
1
(Direct sowing of seed) showed significantly highest seed yield
plant
-1
(10.87 g) and seed yield ha
-1
(1234.00 kg) compared to M
2
(1/3 cutting of root)
and M
3
(2/3 cutting of root) treatment. M
1
(Direct sowing of seed) also showed the best
quality seeds considering highest germination percentage (88.43%) and vigor index
(1434.57) whereas M
3
(2/3 cutting of root) treatment gave the minimum results. Different
plant spacing of radish showed significant variation for growth, yield contributing
parameters, yield seed quality parameters. The highest seed yield ha
-1
(1283.33 kg) was
recorded from the plant spacing S
1
(30 cm × 20 cm) while the plant spacing S
3
(30 cm ×
40 cm) spacing gave the significantly highest germination percentage (89.00%) and vigor
index (1611.74). The treatment combination of M
1
S
3
gave the highest number of pods
plant
-1
(82.13), number of seeds pod
-1
(6.31), dry weight plant
-1
(153.70 g) and seed yield
plant
-1
(13.81 g) but the highest seed yield ha
-1
(1386.00 kg) was recorded from the
treatment combination of M
3
S
1
but the lowest seed yield ha
-1
(841.90 kg) was recorded
from M
3
S
3
. The treatment combination of M
3
S
1
gave the maximum germination
percentage (90.40%) and vigor index (1722.12) whereas M
3
S
1
gave the minimum results.
From the above results, it can be concluded that among the planting methods, M
1
(Direct
sowing of seed) performed the best regarding growth, seed yield and seed quality.
Considering plant spacing, S
1
(30 cm × 20 cm) performed the highest seed yield whereas
S
3
(30 cm × 40 cm) was the best for quality seeds production
EFFICACY OF BIO-RATIONAL INSECTICIDES IN CONTROLLING THRIPS IN SUMMER COUNTRY BEAN
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYThe experiment was conducted at the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh to study the efficacy of
biorational insecticides in controlling thrips country bean in summer. The
experiment
consists of the following management practices: T
1
=Spraying Neem oil @3 ml/L of
water at 7 days interval, T
2
=Spraying Neem leaf extract @200mg/L of water at 7
days interval, T
3
= Mehgoni leaf extract@200mg/L of water at 7 days interval,
T
4
=Tobacco leaf powder@30mg/L of water at 7 days interval, T
5
= Spraying Spinosad
@0.4ml/L of water at 7 days interval, T
6
=Spraying [email protected]/L of water at 7
days interval and T
7
= Untreated control. The experiment was laid out in
Randomized
Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on number of thrips as
insect pest, plant, leaf, inflorescence and pod infestation, different yield contributing
characters and yield of summer country bean were observed. Among the seven (7)
treatments the lowest number of thrips (2.50 plant
ii
-1
) was
observed in T
5
(Spraying
Spinosad @0.4ml/L of water at 7 days interval), while highest number of thrips
(16.67 plant
-1
) was observed in T
7
(Untreated control). The highest percentage of
thrips reduction over control (85.50%) was observed in T
5 (Spraying Spinosad
@0.4ml/L of water at 7 days interval) treatment. The present study revealed that the
lowest number of thrips as insect pest and increased plant, leaf, inflorescence and pod
infestation, different yield contributing characters and
yield of country bean might be
obtained by using the treatment T
5
(Spraying Spinosad @0.4ml/L of water at 7 days
interval) besides T
6
(Spraying [email protected]/L of water at 7 days interval) performed
as second best treatment whereas, T
7
(Control) and T
3 (Mehgoni leaf
extract@200mg/L of water at 7 days interval) may protect the country bean at lowest
rate in summer. The highest (3.08) benefit cost ratio was obtained due
to application
of T
5
(Spraying Spinosad @ 0.4ml/L of water at 7 days interval) while the lowest
(2.26) in T
7
(control)
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC GROWING MEDIA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF VERTICALLY GROWN BARI CHIVE-1
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTUREAn experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University to evaluate the
influence of organic growing media on growth, yield and quality performance of BARI
Chive-1 variety in vertical garden. The experiment comprised of nine treatments, viz.,
G
0
= Control (100% Soil), G
1
= Soil + Vermicompost (50:50), G
2
= soil+ vermicompost
+ cowdung (50:25:25), G
3
= Soil+ Cowdung (50:50), G
4
= Soil+ Cowdung+ Kitchen compost (50:25:25), G
6
= Soil+ Cowdung (75:25), G
5
= Soil + Kitchen compost +
Cocopeat (50:25:25), G
7
= Soil + Vermicompost + Biochar (50:25:25), G
8
= Soil +
Vermicompost + Biochar + Kitchen compost (50:30:10:10). The experiment was laid
out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Among them
the highest yield per pipe (71g) was found from G
2
treatment. According to all treatments G
2
and the lowest (22g) from G
8
performed significantly better in terms of
plant height, leaf length, fresh and dry weight of individual plants and yield (t/ha). But
the highest dry matter percentage found in control treatment. Another treatment G
6
performed almost statistically similar result with G
2
. So, in vertical garden soil+
vermicompost + cowdung (50:25:25) and Soil + Kitchen compost + Cocopeat
(50:25:25) can be very good for BARI chive-1 production
PROFITABILITY, PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE SOLUTION OF BEAN CONTRACT FARMING IN BANGLADESH
Get PDFContract farming may be solving production and marketing problems of many developing countries which
gain importance. To investigate the profitability and problems of contract farming, 120 contract farmers
and 180 non-contract farmers were randomly selected from Narsingdi district of Bangladesh. Descriptive
statistics were used to analyze the data and conventional cost and revenue analysis were used to
investigate the profitability of bean production. Result showed that bean contract farmers had 7.31 years
of schooling whereas non-contract farmers had 2.75 years of schooling. Contract farmers got higher prices
(Tk. 41.32) for their bean than for the non-contract farmers (Tk. 31.22). Net farm income of contract
farmers was Tk. 789677.22/ha, whereas Tk. 457589.30/ha for non-contract farmers. Total 96.67% of
contract farmers had verbal commitments with companies for the contract and only 3.33% of contract
farmers had written document. Most of the farmers (82.5%) had marketing contract with different
companies. 51.67% of contract farmers got cash support from the contract companies and 17.5% of
contract farmers got training from different companies. 86.67% of the contract farmers were satisfied for
their contract with different companies. Both contract and non-contract bean producing farmers mentioned
their problems and they also suggested some solutions to solve their problems. Government monitoring
and supervision are necessary to expand contract farming and to solve existing problems of contract
farming in Bangladesh