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SPECIES IDENTIFICATION AND MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME SEQUENCING OF FEATHERBACK CHITAL FISH (Chitala chitala)
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE
IN
BIOTECHNOLOGYThe purpose of this study was to characterize the mitochondrial genome sequencing
of Chitala chitala. The complete mitogenome of C. chitala was 16248 bp long and
contains 37 mitochondrial genes, including 13 typical protein coding genes, 22 tRNA
genes, two ribosomal RNAs (12SrRNA and 16SrRNA), and two non-coding areas
(control region, D-loop, and origin of light strand, OL). The heavy (H) strand encoded
28 genes, while the light (L) strand encoded the remaining 9 genes. A total of 31 bp of
overlapped area was discovered across the C. chitala mitogenome in 13 distinct
places. The mitogenome contained six intergenic spacers totaling 24 bp in length. The
longest spacer was an 8-bp nucleotide sequence located between the tRNA
and
ND1 genes. The 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) were 11,423 bp in length and
accounted for 70.30% of the mitogenome. The base composition was 25.16% T,
29.84% C, 31.4% A, and 13.5% G. C. chitala's circular genome had a short subunit of
rRNA (12S rRNA) and a large subunit of rRNA (16S rRNA), both of which were 956
bp and 1702 bp in length, respectively. The 12S rRNA gene had an overall base
composition of A = 32.74%, T = 21.75%, C = 25%, and G = 20.50%, while the 16S
rRNA gene had an overall base composition of A = 36.13%, T = 19.03%, C =
24.61%, and G = 20.21%. tRNA genes ranged in length from 67 to 76 bp, for a total
length of 1,570 bp (9.6% of the total mitogenome). Fourteen tRNA genes were
transcribed on the H-strand, while the remaining eight tRNA genes were transcribed
on the L-strand. C. chitala's largest non-coding region (control region) consists of
572 nucleotides, accounting for 3.5% of the total mitogenome. The morphologically
detected fish species shared 99% of their DNA with C. ornate (Accession
No. AP008923.1). Since there is no verified complete mitogenome of Chitala chitala.
Currently, it has been considering as a provisional reference sequence
(NC_070068.1)
MARKETING MARGIN ANALYSIS OF POTATO VALUE CHAIN ACTORS IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF JAMALPUR DISTRICT
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Submitted to the Department of Agribusiness and Marketing
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETINGPotato contributes significantly to the food security and income of Bangladeshi farmers. It is a
valuable vegetable both commercially and nutritionally in the world, as well as in Bangladesh.
In Bangladesh, the potato value chain is not well organized. The study was carried out to Assess
marketing margin of value chain actors in a selected area of Bangladesh's Jamalpur district. It’s an
attempt to assess the existing potato value chain with the help of primary and secondary data.
Primary data were collected from the potato growing area of Dewanganj and Bakhshiganj
upazila of Jamalpur district. Potato value chain actors were selected from both the upazilas. Fifty
farmers, twenty traders, twenty consumers, and one cold storage owner were selected through
simple random sampling, purposive sampling, and simple random sampling procedures,
respectively. Simple descriptive methods were used to analyze the data. The primary data were
collected through the direct interview method with the help of pretested questionnaires during
the month of July 2022 to January 2023. In the production and marketing system of potatoes,
many value chain actors were involved such as farmers, wholesalers, retailers, and cold storage
owners. Marketing of potato produced in both Upazila was moved from the hands of producers
to the hands of consumers through four separate chains. This study shows that highest sales price
per 100kg of potato received by retailer of dewanganj and Bakhsiganj was Tk.2100.00 and Tk.
2050 respectively and the lowest sales price was received by farmer dewanganj and Bakhsiganj
Tk.1400.00 and Tk. 1350.00. Additionally, value addition in Dewanganj Upazila by the farmer,
retailer and wholesaler was 32.64%, 20.00% and 25.00% respectively and value addition in
Bakhshiganj Upazila by the farmer, retailer and wholesaler was 31.32%, 17.14% and 29.63%
respectively. The current study discovered some weaknesses in the existing potato production
and marketing system. Potato growers did not receive a fair price due to a lack of economic
storage facilities, the presence of stronger middlemen, inefficient transportation facilities, a lack
of proper marketing information, and the farmers' urgent need for money immediately following
the potato harvesting period. Based on the findings of the current study, it was recommended
that institutional credit, timely input supply, the use of modern production and postharvest
technologies, and price stability be ensured, in addition to the provision of storage, transport,
and market facilities
SPLIT APPLICATION EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF QUINOA (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Get PDFAbstract
The project was carried out by setting an experiment at the research field of Shere-Bangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period of November to May,
2020-2021 to study the split application effects of nitrogen fertilizer on growth
and yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). The trial comprised seven split
application methods of urea fertilizer viz. (i) 1I3rd urea top dress at 25 DAS + 1/3rd
urea top dress at 45 DAS -TI; (ii) 2/3rd urea top dress at 25 DAS - T2; (iii) 2/3rd
urea top dress at 45 DAS -T3; (iv) 1/3rd urea top dress at 25 DAS + 1/3rd urea as
foliar at 45 DAS -T4; (v) l/yd urea as foliar at 25 DAS + 1/3rd urea top dress at 45
DAS - Ts; (vi) 2/3rd urea foliar at 45 DAS -Tx and (vii) l/yd urea as foliar at 25
DAS + 1/3rd urea as foliar at 45 DAS - T7. One third urea was applied as basal
dose for all the treatments. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete
block design with three replications. Plant height, number of leaves plant", dry
matter plant", root length, shoot length, SPAD value, number of inflorescence
plant", 1000-seed weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest
index were compared for different treatments. Results revealed that split
application of 2/3rd urea in different method did not significantly influence most
of the growth and yield parameters except plant height at 35 DAS, number of
leaves planrl at 50 and 65 DAS and harvest, dry weight plant" in all
studied durations, root and shoot length at 40 DAS and SP AD value at 50
DAS. Foliar application of 1/3rd urea at 25 DAS and rest 1!3rd top dress at 45
DAS showed lowest performance. Though the seed yield was not influenced by
split application of urea fertilizer but T6 (1/3rd urea as basal + 2/3rd urea foliar at
45 DAS) and T2 (1/3rd urea as basal + 2/3rd urea top dress at 25 DAS) gave 1.37 t
ha·1 and 1.33 t ha-I yield that was 17.09% and 13.68% higher, respectively
compared to the present practice of T1 (1/3 rd urea as basal + 1/3rd urea top dress at
25 DAS + 1/3rd urea top dress at 45 DAS) having yield of 1.17 t ha-I.
Keywords: top dressing, foliar spray, urea, yield, quinoa
MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES (MMPS) EFFECT ON ENDOMETRIUM IN CYCLIC COWS
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the probable hormonal influence on the expression of matrix
metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cow endometrial tissue. The cow uterus of different follicular and luteal
stage was collected from an abattoir in Dhaka city. In the laboratory, the tissue was separated from the
caruncular and intercaruncular regions of the cow endometrium. MMPs were isolated from the
endometrial tissue by using tissue lysis buffer and gelatin zymography have done. Zymograms of the
tissue supernatant showed that MMP-9 and MMP-2 both are differentially expressed in the follicular and
luteal group. Total MMP-9 and MMP-2 protein expression were found higher in caruncular tissue in the
estrous cycle group. Caruncular tissues have more potential to respond to hormonal-induced MMP
secretion. Reproductive hormone estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) seems to be influenced the
clearance of MMPs since E2 and P4 is the prime hormone of the follicular and luteal stage respectively. In
conclusion, hormonal contact of the endometrial tissue during the cyclic stage control the MMP secretion
and play regulatory activity of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in endometrium during cyclic stage
of cows
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
SOIL SCIENCEA pot experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University to the effect of
organic and inorganic fertilizers management on growth and yield of rice (BRRI dhan29). The
experiment was set up at the premise of the Department of Soil science at Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from January 2022 to May 2022.
BRRI dhan29 was considered as test crops. There were eight treatments combinations
consisting of different source of organic and inorganic fertilizer. The treatments were viz. T
0
:
Control (No fertilizer applied); T
1
: 100% RDF (RDF=Recommended dose of fertilizer. Here,
N
120
P
20
K
40
S
20
Zn
2.5
kg/ha); T
2
: 100% Cowdung (10ton/ha); T
3
: 100% Poultry
Manure(5ton/ha); T
4
: 75%RDF+25% Cowdung; T
5
ii
: 50% RDF+50% poultry manure; T
6
:
25%RDF+75% Cowdung; T
7
: 25% RDF+75% Poultry manure. The experiment was laid out in
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Different data on growth
and yield contributing parameters were collected and analyzed statistically. It was observed that
most of the parameters varied significantly due to different combination of organic and
inorganic fertilizers management. In case of different treatments performance, T
4
(75%RDF+25% Cowdung) treatment showed best performance in BRRI dhan29 cultivation in
terms of plant height, tillers per hill, length of leaves (cm), number of effective tillers hill
,
number of non-effective tillers hill
-1
, filled grains panicle
-1
,
unfilled grains panicle
panicle
length and yield contributing parameters of rice which was total grains per panicle, percentage
of grain sterility, grain yield (t/ha), straw yield (t/ha), biological yield (t/ha) and harvest index
(%) of rice. In term of grain yield, the highest grain yield (7.84 ton/ha) was observed from T
1
(no T
4
(75%RDF+25% Cowdung) combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers management
treatment which was significantly different from others treatment and closely followed by T
1
(100% RDF (RDF=Recommended dose of fertilizer. Here, N
120
P
20
K
40
S
20
kg/ha). So,
from this study, it can be concluded that among different treatments, T
4
(75%RDF+25%
Cowdung) showed best combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers management on growth
and supported to make sure the more yield of BRRI dhan29
GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF DEEP WATER RICE AND SCREENING OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES FOR BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT
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Submitted to the department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-eBangla
Agricultural
University,
Dhaka-1207,
in
partial
fulfillment
of
the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
BIOTECHNOLOGYGenetic diversity analysis was performed to investigate polymorphism among deep
water rice and molecular screening to identify bacterial leaf blight disease resistant
gene containing rice genotypes. In the flooding region, most of the deep water rice
genotypes is drown due to flood. Besides, rice genotype also affected by bacterial
leaf blight disease which also causes vast yield loss. The experiment was carried out
with 15 and 41 rice genotypes with five well known SSR and five gene specific
markers amplification respectively. In case of 15 deep water rice, fifty nine alleles
ranged from 7 to 16 alleles per locus and an average of 11.8 was detected. Forty
seven polymorphic alleles were also identified. The Polymorphic Information
Content (PIC) of SSR markers ranged from 0.103 (RM206) to 0.494 (RM252) with
an average value of PIC 0.317. Three primers showed moderate diversity and two
primers showed low diversity on the basis of PIC value. The RM252 marker can be
considered as the best marker for giving highest number of band. The similarity
among rice genotypes was computed from combined data for the 5 primers that
ranged from 0.3729 to 0.9375 with an average of 0.7048. Dendrogram indicated the
genetic distance of 15 deep water rice genotypes by grouping them into four main
clusters. In case of gene specific markers Xa4, xa5, Xa7, x13 and Xa21 bacterial leaf
blight disease resistant genotypes were identified carrying bacterial leaf blight
resistant genes. Among 41 rice genotypes, two different genes were present in 10
genotypes (Dudhsor, Dula Bech, Dulai Aman, Kata Mukul, Anguli Aman, Katari,
BR16, BR18, BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan58) and one separate gene was present in
12 genotypes. Phylogenetic tree represents the genetic relatedness of 41 rice
genotypes by diving them into two main clusters with sub clusters. These results can
be conveniently used for identifying diverse parent for the development of high
qualitative and quantitative characteristics bearing genotypes in rice
REGENERATION CAPACITY OF INBRED AND HYBRID RICE INFLUENCED BY PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND CUTTING MANAGEMENT
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRONOMYAn experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka during the period from November 2021 to July 2022 with a view to
study the effects of variety of main crop and N dose (applied after the harvesting of main
crops) on the performance of ratoon crop of boro rice. The experiment was carried out
in a Split Plot Design, where three factors were selected as variety, plant growth
regulators and cutting managements. The plot size was 3 square meters (1 m ×0.5 m).
The plots were replicated three times and thus the total number of plots was 36 per split
with 2 splits containing different boro rice variety. V
1
= BRRI hybrid dhan 5 (hybrid), V
2
= BRRI Dhan 47 (Inbred); C
0
: Cutting at ground level, C
1
: 10 cm above ground (second
node), C
2
: 15 cm above ground (third node); G
0
: Control, G
1
: 100 ppm auxin, G
2
: 100
ppm gibberellin, G
3
: 100 ppm auxin+100 ppm gibberellin were selected treatments. For
main crop the highest grain yield (7.53 t/ha.) was observed from the variety BRRI hybrid
dhan 5. The lowest grain yield (6.53 t/ha.) was found from the variety BRRI Dhan 47.
In ratoon crop the highest grain yield (0.79 t/ha.) was observed from the variety BRRI
hybrid dhan 5 which is 10.53% of the main crop. The lowest grain yield (0.41 t/ha.) was
found from the variety BRRI Dhan 47 which is 6.31% of the main crop. The interaction
of variety and cutting height of main crop and application of PGRs had significant effect
on any of the crop characters of ratoon crop. The interaction of variety and cutting height
of main crop had highly significant effect on final grain yield of ratoon crop along with
other yield contributing factors and found the highest grain yield (0.75 t/ha.) observed
from the treatment combination of V
1
C
1
G
3
: BRRI hybrid dhan 5; 10 cm above ground
(second node) and 100 ppm auxin+100 ppm gibberellin and the lowest grain yield (0.35
t/ha.) was found from the treatment combination of V
1
C
0
G
0
: BRRI Dhan 47; Cutting at
ground level and Control. Yield of ratoon crop for BRRI hybrid dhan 5 was found
10.53% of the main crop and 10 cm above ground (second node) and 100 ppm auxin+100
ppm gibberellin combination can be considered for commercial ratoon crop cultivation
PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT CROSSBRED CATTLE IN DHAKA DISTRICT
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Submitted to the Faculty of Animal Science & Veterinary
Medicine, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-
1207,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICSThe study was conducted to see the performance of different crossbred cattle likely
Sahiwal and local crossbred (SL×L), Holstein and Sahiwal crossbred (HF×SL), and
Holstein crossbred (HF×HF). A total 120 crossbred cows were selected from different
area of Dhaka district. It was observed that birth weight of calf SL×L, HF× SL, HF×HF
was 20.92±1.83 kg, 26.55±2.43 kg, and 37.35±3.79 kg respectively. Mean milk yield
per day for SL×L, HF×SL, HF×HF crossbred cattle were 4.45±0.79, 15.73±1.72,
25.6±3.16 liters respectively. Lactation yield was higher 6944.05±970.41 liters in
HF×HF crossbred cattle. Age of puberty was shorter 18.12±1.18 months in HF×HF
cross and longer 27.47±1,43 months in SL×L crossbred cattle. The reproductive
performance of HF×SL crossbred needs minimum service per conception (1.27±0.55)
and SL×L crossbred need maximum service per conception (1.37±0.74). Calving
interval was higher 15.87±1.09 months in HF×HF crossbred cattle. Dry period was
lower 79.5±13.24 days in HF×HF crossbred cattle. From the above perspective it could
be concluded that HF×HF crossbred cows may be suitable for profitable farming in
Bangladesh but herd life and life time productivity is one of the most influential factor
for profitable dairy farming. However, further study with larger sample sizes covering
more different management systems would be required to describe a better inference in
this consideration
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION OF YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Submitted to faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDINGTwenty three Boro rice genotypes were used in this experiment to evaluate the
variability, heritability, genetic advance in percent of mean, correlation of co-efficient
and path analysis. The present experiment was laid on randomized complete block
design in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-
1207 with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed that; mean sum of square
of genotype was recorded highly significant for all the studied characters. PCV were
noted greater than the GCV for all the observed traits. The highest value of PCV and
GCV were found for number of unfilled grains per tiller 48.90% and 47.72%
respectively. High heritability associated with high genetic advance in percent of
mean were found for leaf sheath length, number of unfilled grains per tiller, number
of primary branches per panicle, panicle length, and thousand seed weight. Through
the correlation co-efficient analysis, it was observed that, yield per plant had
significant positive association with number of effective tillers (P= 0.535), number of
total tiller (G= 0.461), number of filled grain per tiller (G= 0.504, P= 0.379), number
of unfilled grains per tiller (G= 0.604, P= 0.365), number of secondary branches per
panicle (G= 0.388), and thousand seeds weight (G= 0.821, P= 0.673). Path analysis
exhibited that, leaf blade (1.733), stem length (1.338), number of effective tillers,
number of unfilled grains per tiller (4.413), number of primary branches per panicle
(16.909), number of secondary branches per panicle (0.698), panicle length (16.929)
was recorded to show positive and direct effect on yield per plant. From this
observation, it was found that G20 (BRRI dhan96) gave early flowering with
maximum number of filled grain and maximum yield per plant, G1 (BR1) was found
to produce maximum number of effective tillers, G3 (BR5) was found to give highest
number of total tillers, and G5 (BR14) exhibited maximum weight for thousand seeds.
So, these genotypes of Boro rice could be used for future breeding programs
ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT FLY INFESTING CUCUMBER
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Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYAn experiment was conducted in the research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka, Bangladesh, from October 2021 to January 2022 to evaluate eco-friendly
management of fruit fly infesting cucumber. There were several insect pests in the cucumber
field that could bring about a significant impact on the yield and quality of the cucumber
itself and among them, fruit fly is the most prevalent and harmful. The experiment was laid
out in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated 3 times. For this study, 8
treatments were used and these were T
1
: using Pheromone trap @1 trap/plot/2 weeks; T
2
:
using Poison bait trap @ 1 trap/plot; T
3
: using Pheromone trap @1 trap/plot/2 weeks + Using
Poison bait trap @ 1 trap/plot; T
4
: spraying Neem oil @ 3ml/L of water at 7 days interval; T
5
:
spraying garlic extract @ 3ml/L of water at 7 days interval; T
6
: spraying Neem seed kenrnel
extract @ 3g/L of water at 7 days interval; T
7
: using Pheromone trap @1 trap/plot/2 weeks +
Spraying Neem oil @ 3ml/L of water at 7 days interval; T
8
: untreated control. Local variety
‘Baromashi’ was used as the experimental material. The lowest fruit infestation by number at
early, mid & late fruiting stage, fruit infestation by weight at early, mid & late fruiting stage
were recorded (12.50%, 14.29%, 16.67%, 11.25%, 5.35%, 17.96%, respectively) in T
7
treatment. Again, the highest edible portion of infested fruit at early, mid & late fruiting
stage, single fruit weight, length of healthy fruit, length of infested fruit, and yield were
recorded (53.37%, 58.98%, 62.89%, 136.56g, 19.89cm, 15.31cm, and 15.56 t/ha,
respectively) in T
7
treatment. From the study it was revealed that, pheromone trap along with
spraying neem oil substantially reduced maximum fruit fly infestation in cucumber at field
condition