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Contemporary Migrant Crisis on the Balkan Route: Crime Challenges for Serbia and North Macedonia
Get PDFPurpose: The Balkan route has caused security challenges for Serbia and North Macedonia.
A huge number of refugees over time turned out to be a security issue. In the case of the
mentioned states, it is important to point out that the Balkan route influenced the increase
of criminal activities related to human trafficking and illegal transit routes. The purpose is to
analyze movements through the Balkan route and define in which security domains this route
has contributed to the disruption of existing security.
Design/Methods/Approach: Research relies on analysis, where content analysis, functional
analysis, comparative analysis, and structural-functional analysis will be applied. It is also
planned to use synthesis, abstraction, deduction, and induction in combination with rational
choice techniques. The classification will be used when creating a typology of effective and
ineffective state mechanisms in the period observed in the research, in accordance with the
previous analysis.
Findings: Analyzing the mechanisms used by Serbia and North Macedonia in the fight against
criminal activities on the Balkan route, we have found that the institutions of the mentioned
states were effective during the migrant crisis. In the “cross-section” chapter, we are presenting
the failures of the national mechanisms of Serbia and North Macedonia during the migrant
crisis. In the third chapter, we are proposing practical options that could contribute to the
process of facing Balkan route threats. The findings are valuable in the science of security in the
context of small states and the necessity of the integrated cooperation of small states in dealing
with modern security challenges and threats.
Originality/Value: Analyzing the Balkan route through the prism of crime explains the worth
of the paper in the scientific sense, i.e., how much this crisis has contributed to the increase of
criminal activities in the region and how the authorities of these states are dealing with it
What are the Realistic Capabilities of the Berlin Process and the Open Balkans Initiative?
Get PDFIn the Western Balkans, two initiatives currently stand out and, in a way, compete: the Berlin Process and Open Balkans. Both initiatives emphasise the European perspective and the strengthening of regional cooperation. On the one hand, for most countries in the region, the prospect of joining the European Union seems too distant, uncertain, and fraught with many obstacles. On the other hand, regional cooperation is gaining momentum, with numerous agreements recently reached. But, so far, some Western Balkans countries have been unwilling to participate in the Open Balkans. The paper analyses the real capabilities of these two initiatives, both in terms of creating opportunities for the countries of the Western Balkans to come closer to the postulates of the European Union and progress on the path of joining it, as well as in terms of strengthening and facilitating regional cooperation between the respective countries. For that purpose, the authors used content and comparative analysis. The authors conclude that although both initiatives are hybrid, i.e., both contain political and economic interests, they will not significantly contribute to faster integration into the European Union or stronger regional integration or, in the last case, to the process of resolving existing disputes between countries
Spoljnopolitičko pozicioniranje Republike Albanije prema Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama i njihovi bilateralni odnosi od 2013. do 2022. godine
No full textU istraživanju se analizom njihovih bilateralnih odnosa od 2013. do 2022. godine ispituje priroda spoljnopolitičkog pozicioniranja Republike Albanije, kao male države, prema Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama, kao velikom silom u međunarodnim odnosima. U istraživanju se pronalazi da je priroda ovog pozicioniranja Albanije zasnovana na osiguravanju zaštitničkog saveza (alliance shelter) od Sjedinjenih Država. Porivi za ostvarivanje pomenutog saveza za Albaniju, kao malu državu, proizilaze iz njenih slabosti na međunarodnoj i unutardržavnoj razini. Zaštita koju Albanija uživa od SAD jeste političkog, vojnog i ekonomsko-socijetalnog karaktera na spoljnoj i unutardržavnoj osnovi. Implikacije ovakvih bilateralnih odnosa za Albaniju obuhvataju raznovrsnu spoljnopolitičku lojalnost Sjedinjenim Državama. Takođe, posledice uživajuće zaštite za Albaniju uključuju suštinski prodor i transformativne unutardržavne efekte po naumima njene države zaštitnice
Eco-efficiency and sustainable agricultural development in Central and Southeast Europe
Get PDFThe modern era ushers in significant changes in the conventional method
of achieving economic growth, bringing us to eco-efficiency in economic
growth. Nowadays, eco-efficiency is becoming a measure of progress in
green growth and an increasingly preferred way of using resources. Eco-
efficiency has become a practical approach for businesses to contribute to
sustainable development. The focus of the paper is on eco-efficiency and
sustainable development in the agriculture sector. In this context,
sustainability in the agricultural sector depends on the existence of eco-
efficient production models. A number of parameters were researched with
the aim of determining and comparing the development level as well as the
level of realisation of sustainable development goals (SDG) in Central and
Southeast Europe (CSEE). We used the method of a comparative analysis
of SDG indicator values between different CSEE countries in order to assess the effectiveness of countries in advancing the goals of sustainable
development. Since this is a relatively unknown indicator in Serbia, we also
research to what extent the concept of eco-efficiency is implemented in the
Serbian agricultural policy and strategic development documents. The
research gave a basic framework for the answers to the question of how to
improve Serbian agriculture based on the postulates set within the EU in
order to comply with the SDG
Dronovi u ratu u Ukrajini: novo polje šahovske table globalnog nadmetanja
No full textTržište dronova koji se koriste u savremenim oružanim sukobima na
globalnom nivou tokom 2022. godine vredelo je blizu 12 milijardi
američkih dolara. Sukobi između Jermenije i Azerbejdžana (2020), te
Rusije i Ukrajine u 2022. i 2023. intenzivirali su upotrebu dronova u
borbene svrhe i više nego ikada podigle na vrh istraživačke agende
pitanje njihove trgovine i (zlo)upotrebe nabavki ovih letelica u
pragmatične spoljnopolitičke svrhe. Ovaj rad pruža pregled trenutnog
stanja tehnologije dronova i njene primene u savremenom ratovanju.
Autor naročito usredsređuje argumentaciju zasnovanu na ideji o
„multipolarnosti u sferi borbenih dronova“ i posledica po
savremene međunarodne odnose koji dodaju novu promenljivu na složenu
„šahovsku tablu“ aktuelnog globalnog nadmetanja. Na primeru rata
između Rusije i Ukrajine, autor koristi kvalitativni istraživački
dizajn, oslanjajući se na sekundarne izvore kao što su akademski članci,
novinski izveštaji i vladini dokumenti. Preliminarni nalazi
ukazuju na predimenzioniranost dronova kao promenljive koja ima
kapacitet da utiče na kvalitet međunarodnih odnosa. Dodatno, uočen je
paradoks savremene fizionomije ratovanja u Ukrajini – dronovi postaju
opterećenje, a ne sredstvo za osiguranje efikasne i lake pobede, dok
istovremeno nabavka komponenti i tehničkih rešenja za dronove i
snabdevanje strana u sukobu od drugih država biva intenzivirana i
često zloupotrebljena u opravdanju pojedinih spoljnopolitičkih
aktivnosti velikih sila
Serbia’s approach to the EU and Russia – Implications for its internal and foreign policy
Get PDFThis article examines Serbia’s approach to European integration and relations
with Russia and its implications for its internal and foreign policy. Serbia’s policy is
characterized as a “small state” foreign policy designed to maintain good relations with
the EU and Russia, believing that this will help it overcome internal and international
challenges. in light of the tense relations between the West and Russia, the article
examines how this policy has developed over the last two decades and whether it is
sustainable in changed international circumstances. it focuses on the fact that Serbia’s
approach toward the EU and Russia has shown continuity despite the growing
polarization at the international level caused by the crisis in Ukraine in 2014. However,
due to the rapid and dramatic deterioration of EU-Russia relations caused by Russia’s
attack on Ukraine, Serbia’s current policy has become very difficult to maintain. Serbia’s
pragmatic policy, shaped by internal and foreign political interests and guided by a series
of economic, legal, and security arguments, was put to the test. These arguments have
emerged as new key trends in Serbia and can be traced through the state’s response to
the war in Ukraine and the EU and Russia’s responses to the country’s policy. Serbia
found itself under pressure from both sides to choose one side over the other, which
causes tension and uncertainty and put the country in a difficult position. This article
shows that despite the pressure and expectations of both sides, there was no drastic
change in Serbia’s policy towards the EU or Russia. However, the fact is that there is less space for the fulfillment of the country’s foreign policy priorities, which now seem
mutually incompatible. Therefore, in a broader sense, this article calls into question the
sustainability of Serbia’s current foreign policy as a framework for preserving the
strategic and national interests of the country
Serbia’s foreign policy and relations with Russia as one of the priorities
Get PDFAlthough Republic of Serbia (Serbia) does not have an adopted foreign policy
strategy, there are a number of elements that are consistently applied. one of them
is the insistence on prioritizing cooperation with Russia. Serbian-Russian relations have
become stronger and deeper over the past 20 years, and they are unlikely to be
impacted by changes in the global environment that occur after February 2022. This
paper tackles the subject of continued Serbian-Russian relations and their dynamics,
in addition to analyzing the development of Serbia’s foreign policy and explaining how
relations with Russia became a priority. The analysis of the bilateral relations between
the two states is done by relying on structural realism as a theoretical framework, first
of all on considering the principle of self-help as one of the key factors when
determining foreign policy. The methodological framework is based on discourse
analysis, content analysis, but also the use of the comparative method, induction and
deduction methods
Priznanje prava na pristup internetu kao samostalnog ljudskog prava - potencijali i prepreke
Get PDFInternet se pokazao kao značajno sredstvo za olakšanje svakod-
nevnih životnih aktivnosti, ali i mehanizam koji omogućava efi-
kasnije uživanje mnogih ljudskih prava. Pandemija kovida 19
ukazala je na neophodnost interneta i otvorila pitanje o mogu-
ćem priznanju prava na pristup internetu kao samostalnog ljud-
skog prava. Autorke ispituju prirodu interneta, njegov značaj u
svakodnevnom životu ljudi, kao i blizak odnos sa drugim ljud-
skim pravima, posebno pravom na slobodu izražavanja i pravom
na slobodu udruživanja. Pored mnogobrojnih prednosti koje
pristup internetu donosi, ukazuje se i na nedostatke interneta,
posebno u domenu autorskih prava i govora mržnje. Kao najvaž-
nije prepreke na putu priznanja prava na pristup internetu kao
samostalnog ljudskog prava identifikuju se nedostatak političke
volje država, nedovoljno jasna priroda prava na pristup internetu
i njegovo shvatanje kao pomoćnog sredstva kojim se mogu ostva-
riti druga ljudska prava. U radu se zaključuje da pitanje prava na
pristup internetu kao ljudskog prava ne treba biti olako odba-
čeno od strane međunarodne zajednice, imajuću u vidu njegove
potencijale koji su posebno došli do izražaja za vreme pandemije
i u drugim vanrednim situacijama
Multidimenzionalna priroda rizika u kontekstu rata u Ukrajini
Get PDFOvo istraživanje usredsređeno je na analizu međunarodnih posledica ote-
žanog i onemogućenog izvoza polјoprivrednih proizvoda iz Ukrajine usled ratnih
događaja u toj zemlјi, kao i drugih rizika koji se povezuju s njima. Uprkos postojanju
međunarodnih akata kojima se nastoje barem delimično otkloniti neizvesnosti u
pogledu perspektiva izvoza žita i drugih kultura (poput Istanbulske inicijative pod
pokrovitelјstvom Ujedinjenih nacija), izvoz ukrajinskih žitarica značajno je opao u
odnosu na 2021. godinu. Spomenuti problem u ovom članku analizira se iz per-
spektive rizika koji se povezuju s ratnim stanjem, uklјučujući i manjak interesovanja
brojnih osiguravača da u takvim okolnostima razmatraju poslovanje u obezbeđivanju
izvoza. S tim u vezi, istražuje se nekoliko fenomena, poput problema visokih premija
u kontekstu rata i političkih rizika od nemira i gladi, koji se već javljaju u različitim
delovima sveta. Smatra se da problem otežanog ili onemogućenog izvoza ukrajinskih
žitarica predstavlјa klasičan geopolitički rizik. Imajući to u vidu, u kontekstu nastavka
kopnenog, vazdušnog i pomorskog rata u Ukrajini, restriktivnih mera spram Rusije i
značajne međunarodne dimenzije sukoba, kao i nemogućnosti vlada da garantuju
bezbednost izvoza, deluje da će poslovanje osiguravača u pogledu osiguranja izvoza
ukrajinskih žitarica nastaviti da bude opterećeno višestrukim izazovima
From field to market: digitalization as the key to building entire agricultural value chains in rural areas
No full textThis paper explores a novel approach to integrated rural development:
constructing entire value chains in rural areas. While integrated rural development
has a strong theoretical foundation, past practical attempts have often fallen short.
In contrast, this new concept, involving the establishment of secondary and tertiary
sectors in rural areas, lacks a formal theoretical basis but is being implemented
through China's recent agrarian policies. The implementation of this concept was
made possible exclusively by the development of Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) and mass digitalization. The research aims to identify and
categorize obstacles to previous integrated rural development programs, assess
how digitalization can overcome these challenges, and explore the potential of
digitalization in creating rural value chains. The methodology involves content
analysis of primary and secondary data, comparing and classifying implementation
challenges, and examining how digitalization can address these issues. The findings
demonstrate that digitalization offers solutions to all identified obstacles. Today,
every stage in the field-to-market supply chain can benefit from digital support,
bridging geographical gaps and facilitating the spontaneous relocation of economic
activities, people, and capital to rural areas due to cost advantages