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Mechanical Horseback Riding as a Therapy for the Severely Handicapped
Get PDFStimulation of the body by horse back riding can be therapeutic. A device called Joba that simulates horseback riding without risk of falls has recently become widespread in Japan. We assessed the effectiveness of Joba as rehabilitation therapy of severely handicapped children and adults. 1. Physiotherapists or occupational therapists in charge of 45 patients (age: range 9-52 years, mean 19 years) using Joba were surveyed in Yokohama Ryo-iku Medical Center. 2. In the 2 subjects who clearly responded well to the therapy, pre- and post-therapy muscle activity, measured by electromyography (EMG), and gait monitored by video were analyzed. All the subjects gave their informed consent to participate in the study. Results: 1. Joba used for 5.2 min on average. The therapists' average subjective score of the effectiveness of Joba was 2.42 (maximum value 3). Their main observations were relaxation of muscles around the hips, facilitation of antigravity extension activity and increased feeling of stability around the trunk and pelvis. 2. EMG showed increased muscle activity in the trunk and lower limbs post-therapy. Also, after therapy, excessive pelvic adduction that tends to occur in the swing phase of gait was reduced and flexion of the pelvic joint that accompanies pelvic tilt was significantly improved. The mechanical horseback riding, Joba, increased muscle activity of the trunk and pelvis and around the revised hip and improved posture and gait.departmental bulletin pape
Poetic Creation as a Cure and Relief : The Mind's Abyss of William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Get PDFThe present article aims to discuss aspects of William Wordsworth's (1770-1850) poetry. It is written as an extension of the article on the English poet William Cowper (1731-1800) that the author contributed to the first issue of the Bulletin, where an attempt was made to investigate the ways in which his act of writing poetry bears on the chronic melancholy that he suffered from. Unlike Cowper, Wordsworth was not a case of melancholia but underwent a crisis or a spell of despondency after having been involved in the French Revolution and having been disorientated by its consequences. During the 'great decade' (1795-1805) of his poetic career Wordsworth produced one after another of his masterpieces such as 'Tintern Abbey', 'Resolution and Independence', 'Ode: Intimations of Immortality', and, to crown the decade, The Prelude. Both Cowper and Wordsworth wrote about Nature, but, in comparison, Wordsworth's poetry is much wider in scope, deeper in philosophical insight and more intense in visionary or imaginative power. The unique ways in which he established raport with Nature can be illustrated by his childhood experiences such as 'abyss of idealism' and 'spots of time'. These experiences have features that, in the present author's view, can be explained in terms of the Freudian primary process which is characteristic of the child's perception of the external world, of the artists' imaginative process, and of abnormal psychology. It will emerge from the article that an act of writing poetry serves Wordsworth to cope with problems that are confronting him and ultimately to solve them, providing nothing less than a cure and relief and, indeed, something even more positive than that.departmental bulletin pape
A study about the first treatise on calligraphy in Japan and meaning of Yakakuteikinnshou
Get PDF"Yakakuteikinsho" was written by Fujiwara no Koreyuki and it's the first treatise on calligraphy in Japan. Koreyuki is the sixth in the Sesonji lineage. Fujiwara no Yukinari, the founder of the Sesonji linage, is known as a calligrapher who mastered Japanese-style calligraphy. His progenitors had been in the center of political power and secured their standing through the relationship with the imperial family during the mid-Heian period. Although their political power gradually weakened till the generation of Koreyuki, their post as the calligrapher in the imperial court remained. The calligrapher's duty was important and performed only by males. However, Koreyuki endowed his daughter, Kenreimon- in Ukyo no Daibu ('Ukyo no Daibu' is the name of a post), with "Yakaku Teikinsho". Kenreimon-in's father is Taira no Kiyomori. She is the empress of Emperor Takakura and the mother of Emperor Antoku. Genji had a long history of close relationship with the imperial family. Koreyuki's lineage also kept the relationship with Genji. It is speculated that Koreyuki was more than a little conscious of having his daughter work for a person from Taira family. "Yakaku Teikinsho" was to serve as not only an instruction of calligraphy style but also as a strong reminder of the family lineage as the calligrapher which goes back to Yukinari of the eminent position. It emphasizes that a calligrapher should not simply write calligraphy but also be acquainted with related knowledge. His own opinion about the higher order level of book is expressed with pride.departmental bulletin pape
Oriental Medicine and Art Therapy : Relationship between five colors theory and five parenchematous viscera function (second report)
Get PDFIntroduction: Our purpose is to evaluate contribution of oriental medicine on art therapy by paying close attention to the five colors (blue, red, yellow, white and black) theory in conjunction with the five parenchematous viscera function theory (liver, heart, spleen, lung and kidney), which is thought to reflect five elements (wood, fire, earth, metal and water) underlying. Method: Questionnaire studies were done to 160 young paramedical students who had no special knowledge of oriental medicine nor the five colors theory. Subject's favor or disfavor to five colors (blue, red, yellow, white and black) were compared with his viscera function determined by Meiji oriental score (MOS) which classifies it by analyzing six representative clinical symptoms of the five oriental medical theory. Furthermore, a questionnaire was enforced about the color related to the liberation from the stress. Results and discussion: Chi-square test among the favor or disfavor colors and the viscera function revealed statistically significant relationship between the favorite blue color group (69 among 160 students) and the liver group (55 among 160 students) by MOS. These results suggested that ones favor or disfavor for colors possibly reflected ones internal viscera function and that the five colors theory based on oriental medicine was applicable to art therapy. Conclusions: The present survey discloses that the color which eased the stress of mind and body was blue. Furthermore, the theory of the color (five colors theory) of the oriental medicine is important in the harmony of mind and body.departmental bulletin pape
The Research on Xue-Xuan's political philosophy in Zhu-Xi studies during the Ming Dynasty
Get PDFXue-Xuan was active in the early Ming Dynasty, during the Zhu-Xi studies was prospered. People say that Zhu-Xi studies is the typical of the Song Dynasty, and the Yan-Ming studies is the typical of the Ming Dynasty. But the early Ming Dynasty has inherited Zhu-Xi studies in the Song Dynasty, and then converted to Yan-Ming studies. I have made a study of the trends of Zhu-Xi studies in the early Ming Dynasty, and investigated on the political philosophy of Xue-Xuan. In his opinion, the political should be a benevolent government, and people should be the main constituent. The ruler, an emperor, should be worthy of such a character. He thought that first of all, the ruler should learn how to love people, because love presides over humanity and justice, etiquette and wisdom. He asserts the necessity of humanities. In his opinion, the people who can love people just like he loves himself should really be benevolent. He was greatly influenced by the theory of 「righteous government」which was advocated by the Confucius and the Meng zi. He talked about the difference between the 「righteous government」and the 「domination of supremacy」, and insisted on the necessity of being a 「righteous government」.He even reads the essentials of human which extends to destiny and human nature. We should recognize Xue-Xuan to be not only a high-ranking government official, but also a politician who was involved in politics deeply. Otherwise, it will be difficult to understand the way of his thinking. He preached about how to be a leader based on scholarships, awakened from the scholarship just only for study. The peculiarity of his political philosophy is that his studies was not only based on Zhu-Xi studies but also invested many actual thought based on experience. What we should catch is that from the beginning, his aim in philosophy consists in politics.departmental bulletin pape
