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The Reliability of Lumbar Mobility Evaluation
Get PDF【目的】3つの定量的腰部可動性評価方法について，学生が評価を行った際の信頼性の検討を行うことを目的とした．【対象と方法】学生22名を対象として，関節可動域検査(ROM-T)，指床間距離(FFD)，modified Schober test(MST)の3項目を測定して，相対および絶対信頼性について検討した．【結果】検者の同日内3回測定における信頼性は初日に低く，1週間後の方が高く0.9以上であった．また，初日－1週間後のICC（1,2）はROM-Tが0.942，FFDが0.618，MSTが0.813であった．最小可検変化量の95%信頼区間を示した (MDC95)はROM-Tで15°，FFDが6.5cm，MSTが3.4cmであった．【考察】学生がこれらの評価を行う場合、事前の練習，あるいは日をあらためての数回の実施が必要であると考えられた．The purpose of this research was to examine the reliability of range of motion tests (ROM-T)，finger-floor distance (FFD) tests，and modified Schober tests (MST) by students. The subjects of this research were 22 students. The three items of ROM-T, FFD and MST of the students were measured and the reliability of the data was examined. The reliability of values measured three times within a day was low on the first day, and it was higher one week later (ICC (1, 1) = 0.9 or more). Moreover, ICC (1, 2) of the first day and one week later was ROM-T = 0.942, FFD = 0.618, and MST = 0.813. The values of the minimal detectable change in the 95%-confident interval were ROM=15 degree, FFD=6.5cm, and MST=3.4cm. When students carry out these evaluations, several practices of measurement in advance or several measurements on different days should be required.
Keywords: student, lumbar mobility, reliabilitydepartmental bulletin pape
The Rhetoric of the Makurakotoba Seen in Rengetsu's Waka
Get PDF和歌が和歌らしくあるのは枕詞の存在が大きい.枕詞は一朝一夕に出来上がったものではなく古代からの積み重ねによって受け継がれてきたものである.父の亡くなったことを悲しむ和歌が象徴するように,蓮月の枕詞は単なる語調を整えるといった使用方法ではなく,歌意を汲んだ用法である.言葉の遊びとしてむやみに地名を用いた枕詞を使用するということはない.さらに形式としては,古代和歌の枕詞の修辞法をいかに継承している.これは江戸時代に国学の影響が少なからずあると考えられる.そして着目すべき点は，時代性をとりいれた枕詞の用法である.決まりきった方法を採用するのみでなく,これを継承しながらも,和歌において枕詞の斬新な用法を取り入れている点は,市井の人々との人間的な交流のあった蓮月の和歌に対する柔軟な姿勢を垣間見ることができるものである.Makurakotoba (poetic flourishes, lit， "pillow words") contribute significantly to making Japanese waka poetry distinctive， Makurakotoba cannot be created in a day; rather, they are concepts accumulated and inherited from the distant past， As symbolized in a waka lamenting the passing of her father, Rengetsu did not use makurakotoba as mere accents but rather to draw out meaning， She did not engage in the use of makurakotoba containing random place names as a form of word play， Further, in their form, Rengetsu’s makurakotoba inherit considerably the rhetoric of makurakotoba in ancient waka， It is likely that the influence of this on kokugaku (studies of ancient Japanese literature and culture) in the Edo era was not insignificant， What is noteworthy is the usage of makurakotoba which adopt an atmosphere reflective of the time， Rengetsu employed not only the standard fixed methods of usage; while continuing to inherit these, she also adopted novel means of using makurakotoba in waka， From this one can catch a glimpse of the flexible attitude Rengetsu, who was engaged in human interaction with the townspeople around her, held towards waka，departmental bulletin pape
Characteristics of Foot Region Muscular Force in Various Sports Activities
Get PDF足部内在屈筋および足関節周囲筋の重要性を明らかにし，新たなトレーニングやリハビリテーションの立案につなげるために，本研究では様々な競技における競技者の足部内在屈筋および足関節周囲筋の筋力を比較検討した．
対象は男子大学生53名．競技はアイスホッケー，柔道，サッカー，野球，ビーチバレーの4競技を選択した．
測定項目は足部内在屈筋筋力，足関節背屈・底屈・内反・外反筋筋力の5項目とした．
各競技間ではビーチバレー群の足部内在屈筋および足関節周囲筋の筋力が有意に高かった．これは砂浜において裸足で行う競技であることから長時間にわたって足部内在屈筋および足関節周囲筋に高い筋活動が生じる結果と考える．
本研究から砂浜で行うトレーニングが足部内在屈筋および足関節周囲筋筋力の増強に効果があることが示唆された．Purpose: Performing exercises such as towel gathering during foot muscle training is essential in maintaining or improving toe function for athletic performance; however, few investigations have been made on the foot muscle in athletes. The purpose of the present study was to measure and clarify the characteristics of foot region muscular force in athletes from various sports.
Subjects and Methods: Subjects were 53 male university student who were divided into 5 game groups (ice hockey, n = 11; judo, n = 8; soccer, n = 10; baseball, n = 10; baseball, n = 9; beach volleyball, n = 5). Measurement were taken of maximum isometric strength of ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion and eversion and intrinsic flexor’ strength.
Results and Discussion: The beach volleyball players had a significantly higher foot and ankle strength than the players of the other sports. We think that, playing on a sandy beach, they need higher muscle force in the foot and ankle region than in other sports. Thus, it is suggested that barefoot exercises on sandy ground is effective in strengthening the foot and ankle muscular strength.departmental bulletin pape
On Administering Psycho-education in a Psychiatric Hospital : A Report Focusing on Opinion Exchange in the Introduction Period Among Staff Members at a Psychiatric Hospital
Get PDF心理教育はその技法の詳細についての認知度が低いがゆえ，普及には実践に関わる職員への啓蒙と動機づけが不可欠であり，よって心理教育プログラム立ち上げの際には，技法の紹介とそれに基づくスタッフ間での意見交換を活発に行いながらプランを立案していくことでが必要であるとされている．
精神科病院における心理教育プログラム立ち上げに向けて，今年度は導入期における活動として，多職種のスタッフによる3回の意見交換のグループを実施したので，その経過を報告する．当該病院の施設的および人員的強みと困難，プログラムの個別的適正化，また心理教育への期待などについて意見を共有する中で，入院患者及びその家族の現状，精神科医療及び精神科看護の全般的な課題についても発展的に討議され，これまでの支援について広汎に振り返るきっかけとなった．このことにより職種横断的に心理教育を実施することへの意欲が高まり，メンバー個々の強みや施設の固有性を有機的に生かす方途が探られた．Since psycho-education itself and the details of its techniques are comparatively not well known, the prevalence of psycho-education critically depends on enlightening and motivating the staff members who try to apply its methods. Therefore, when a psycho-education program is charted, the leader of the staff members is expected to inform the staff of the methods in detail and engage them to actively exchange their opinions and ultimately build an effective plan.
The aim of this report is to describe what was discussed and mutually understood by co-medical members who participated in three group sessions whose aim was to draft a psycho-education program in their psychiatric hospital. The sessions led the participants to share opinions as to what the institutional and personnel strengths and weaknesses of the hospital were, how the program should be built specifically for the hospital, and as to what an ideal psycho-education program should be. The topics raised by the participants eventually shifted to their inpatients’ individual condition and their familial circumstances, which motivated the members to reflect deeply upon what they had done to support them that far. With the required steps carefully and extensively pointed out, each of the members were more encouraged to administer a cross-medical psycho-education program, and the ways learned in which each one’s competence and the institutional characteristics of their hospital could be used to advantage.departmental bulletin pape
Speech of Elderly Males' Recognition of Lifestyle Structure：Cluster Analysis Method Dealing with Speech
Get PDF本研究は，定年後数年が過ぎた男性高齢者が老後の生き方に対して，どのように認識しているかについて，談話による発話からその態度構造を分析することを目的とした．分析対象は都市近郊に在住する男性高齢者30名であり，クラスター分析にて類型化した．サブカテゴリー水準のクラスター構造から，『過去の生き方に満足している』『現状維持を望んでいる』『一人暮しは侘しい』『過去を回顧しながら老いをみつめている』『価値ある生き方を追求している』『元気に日々の生活を楽しんでいる』の6つの認識の構造が明らかになった．配偶者の存在，健康，仕事の要因が影響をしていることが示唆された．The purpose of this study was that the male elderly person who passed after a retirement age for several years analyzed manner structure from utterance by the recognition of the way of life of the old age. The subjects were 30 male elderly living in city suburbs. I was typified by cluster analysis. I was categorized according to six by the cluster structure of the sub-category level. In other words, "I'm happy in the past," "I want to keep the life of the now," "I am lonely alone" "I remember the old days, I'm feeling old," "I value in to live I want to pursue, "" I have enjoyed every day " The presence of his wife, health, work has been suggested as influencing factors.departmental bulletin pape
Changes in Muscle Strength After Retirement in an Olympic Level Judo Athlete
Get PDF一流柔道選手の引退後の体重，周径囲，握力，最大筋力を経時的に測定しその変化を調べ，競技引退後の生活の変化がどのような影響をもたらすかを明らかにし，引退後に柔道指導者として活動する際の競技能力維持に必要な情報として役立てる事を目的とした．
対象は世界でも活躍した一流柔道選手一名とした．周径囲と握力，体重，最大トルクの測定を行った．周径囲は上腕，前腕，大腿，下腿，胸囲，腹囲を測定し，最大トルクは体幹屈伸，肘屈伸，肩内外旋，膝屈伸を測定した．測定期間は競技引退直後，2008年から2013年の期間で11回測定した．
周径囲，握力，体重ではどの項目においても大きな変化はなかった．最大トルクは体幹の伸展，右肩の内旋，右膝の屈曲，左膝の屈伸に有意な低下がみられた．
競技を引退しても少なくとも5年間は，指導者として柔道に関わる中で行われる運動によって筋力は維持できる．しかし，柔道特有の動作や現役時代の外傷に関わる部位は，引退後の筋力低下が顕著となる．したがって，柔道特異的な動作や外傷に関連する部位に絞ったトレーニングを行うことが，指導上必要なパフォーマンスを高い状態に保つ上で必要であると示唆された．The study is to clarify the effects of retirement from a playing career on the muscle strength of an Olympic level judo athlete. The information provided by this study will prove to be useful for judo instructors who have retired from playing career and still needs to maintain sufficient muscle strength for performances.
The subject was an expert judo athlete who competed in the Beijing Olympic Games, world championships and other world level competitions. We measured body weight, girths of some body parts, grip strength, and some peak torques. For girth, we measured waist, chest, thighs, lower legs, upper arms and forearms. For peak torques, flexion and extension of the knee, elbow and trunk, external rotation and internal rotation of shoulder. Measurements were made 11 times over time from immediately after the retiring from competition in 2008 to 2013.
There were no major changes in body weight, grip strength and girths. At peak torque, there were significant decreases in extension of the trunk, flexion of the right knee, flexion and extension of the left knee, and internal rotation of the right shoulder.
Muscular strength of the retired judo athlete was maintained in this case for at least five years except in the body parts specifically related to judo movements and in limbs previously injured. Therefore, it may be desirable for judo instructors to strengthen those body parts in order to maintain the high performance level.departmental bulletin pape
Effect of a Short-term Intervention on Kinematics of Judo Backward Breakfall in Young Individuals with No Judo Experience
Get PDF適切な後ろ受身動作技術の習熟は, 柔道未経験者における頭部外傷予防に大きな意味を持つ. そこで, 本研究の目的は柔道未経験者における後ろ受身動作の特徴を明らかにすること, 短期練習が当動作に与える影響について検討することであった. 対象は1) 柔道経験を有さない, 2)重大な損傷を有さない, 3) 同じ柔道授業を受講している男子大学生4名であった. 柔道の後ろ受身動作時の3次元データを2回の介入前後で測定し, 頸部, 体幹, 股関節および膝関節角度を修正Miyashita法によって算出した. 各関節角度および頭部加速度の鉛直成分の変化曲線の一次回帰式を算出し, 介入前後で回帰係数の差を比較した(P = 0.05). その結果、頸部と体幹の角度変化には有意差が認められたものの, その差は小さいものであった. また, 股関節および膝関節角度変化は介入前後で有意差は認められなかった. 本研究では後ろ受身動作時の下肢関節角度に対して短期練習の効果はみられなかった. このことは未経験者に対する受身指導の際には下肢動作にも着目する必要があることを示唆している.Judo backward breakfall skill will play an important role in head injury prevention for judo beginners. Therefore, the objectives of the study were to illustrate the kinematic characteristics of judo backward breakfall movements in young individuals with no judo experience and compare before and after interventions of physical education classes concentrated on judo. We recruited four male collegiate students who 1) had no judo experience, 2) had no significant injuries, and 3) registered the same judo class. We obtained three-dimensional motion data of judo backward breakfall movements before and after intervention. The angle-time curves of neck, trunk, hip, and knee were calculated using modified Miyashita method. After calculating linear regression formulas for each angle-time curve, we used t-statistics to compare slopes (P< 0.05). The results demonstrated that the neck and trunk kinematics were significantly different; however, the both effect size were so small that the changes in neck and trunk kinematics may be negligible. There were no significant changes in knee and hip kinematics and vertical head acceleration between the pre- and post-tests. The result indicates that there is little effect of short-term intervention on the lower extremity biomechanics in judo breakfall, which suggests the movement of lower extremity may need more attention to better improve the kinematics of judo backward breakfall in judo teaching for beginners.departmental bulletin pape
Behavior and Consciousness of the Athletes With Regards to the Health Management of Sports Equipment
Get PDFアスリートはコンディショニングの一環としてセルフケアを実施しているが,用具の衛生管理を必要と認識し,実施しているか,また妨げの原因となっている要因については一定の見解を得られていない.選手にとって環境条件が適した状態に保たれる事は健康を守る意味でも重要である.本研究は,スポーツ用具の衛生管理についての意識及び行動について調査し競技者教育の基礎資料とする事を目的とした.方法は,大学体育会運動部（アメリカンフットボール,剣道・なぎなた,フェンシング,野球）に所属する選手226名に質問紙に回答させた.有効回答率は73.5％であった.結果は,衛生管理を行っていると回答したものは全体の89％と実施率は高かったものの,その方法は「自然乾燥」や「消臭スプレー」と回答したものが多く,4割以上の者が消臭スプレーの除菌効果を「少し信用している」と回答した.競技別にみた衛生管理の実施率は剣道と野球が有意に高く,衛生管理実施の妨げの理由は,「めんどう」,「有効な方法を知らない」,「練習後管理の時間がない」などの順に多かった.本研究の結果から,スポーツ現場で実用できる簡易で有効な衛生管理についての検討の必要性が示唆された.Athletes carry out self-care as part of their conditioning. However, it is not cler whether they are aware of the necessity of carrying out equipment "hygiene management ", and there are no established opinions on the factors which prevent them from undertaking this management. It is important for athletes to maintain correct environmental conditions in order to protect their own health. The study conducted an investigation of athletes ’ consciousness and behavior related to the hygiene management of sports equipment, and obtained concerning data about the education of athletes. The study analyzed the questionnaire responses of 226 athletes who were affiliated with athletic clubs of the Sports Council at a university (athletes of American football, kendo, halberd, fencing and baseball).The rate of valid replies was 73.5%. The results indicated that the implementation rate of hygiene management was as high as 89%. However, most methods for the management were conducted using methods such as "natural drying" and "with deodorant sprays" More than 40% of the athletes who conducted the management believed somewhat in the bactericidal effect of deodorant sprays. The implementation rates of those of kendo and baseball were significantly higher. Reasons for not implementing the hygiene management were as follows, in descending order: "It was troublesome”,“I did not know any effective methods”,“I had no time for the management after practice". The results of this study suggested the necessity to investigate simple, effective methods of hygiene management which could be put to practical use in the field of sports.departmental bulletin pape