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Electromyographic Analysis of Bridging Motion on Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Activity Facilitation
広背筋に着目したブリッジ動作における筋電図活動を明らかにすることを目的とした.健常成人男性20名を対象に表面筋電図を用いて測定した.被験筋は広背筋,大殿筋,腹直筋,腰部傍脊柱筋とした.骨盤を後傾するように「お尻を持ち上げてください」と指示した動作(Bridge 1: B1),腰部挙上を含めるように「お尻を高く持ち上げてください」と指示した動作(Bridge 2: B2),広背筋の活動を促すために,上腕を体側のベッドに接して前腕を胸部に置いた姿勢で「上腕をベッドに押し下げてからお尻を持ち上げてください」と指示した動作(Bridge 3:B3)の3つの口頭指示による教示を用いた両脚ブリッジ動作において随意収縮強度を比較検討した.広背筋の筋活動量はB1よりもB2,B2よりもB3,B1よりもB3が高く有意な差を認めた.大殿筋の筋活動量はB1よりもB2,B3よりもB2が高く有意な差を認めた.腹直筋および腰部傍脊柱筋は動作方法間で有意な差を認めなかった.広背筋はB3の運動方法が最も筋活動量が高いことを示唆した.The purpose of this study was to reveal the electromyographic activity in the bridging motion to facilitation the muscle activity of the Latissimus dorsi. Subjects were healthy adult males 20 students. Analysis of bridging motion was measured using a surface electromyogram. Test muscle were Latissimus dorsi(Ld), Gluteus maximus (GM), Rectus abdominis(RA), Lumbar paraspinal muscles(LP). The electromyogram analysis of both legs bridging motion were compared %MVC(%Maximum Voluntary Contraction)in the method using the teaching according to three verbal instructions. Bridge 1 (B1) was instructed to "Please lift the hips" to backward tilting the pelvis. Bridge 2 (B2) was instructed to include the lumbar lifted "Please lift high the hips". Bridge 3 (B3) was instructed to "Please lift the hips from down on the upper arm on the bed" in a posture that the forearm in contact with the upper arm to the side of the bed was placed in the chest in order to facilitate the activities of the latissimus dorsi. The muscle activity of the Ld is B3 was the greatest. Ld was a significant difference in the B1 and B2, B2 and B3, B1 and B3. The muscle activity of the GM is B2 was the greatest. GM was a significant difference in the B1 and B2, B2 and B3. The muscle activity RA and LP was no significant difference between the methods of operation. The bridging motion to facilitation the muscle activity of the Ld was suggested that movement of B3 is the greatest.departmental bulletin pape
Change of Communication Education in Fundamental Nursing Education -From the Comparison of Contents of the Basic Nursing Technical Text -
看護技術テキストの記載内容の比較から,看護基礎教育におけるコミュニケーション教育の変遷について概観することを目的とした.明治から現代までのコミュニケーション教育について,看護技術テキストの記述内容から整理・分析したところ,その時代背景とともに内容が変化してきていることがわかった.患者-看護者-医師関係において,患者を看侍し,患者の要求を医師へ報告するという明治~昭和初期の時代から,他者に対して個々人で異なる意味づけや解釈をし,他者との相互関係性を築いていく時代へと変化している.また,コミュニケーションの対象も患者や医師だけではなく,徐々に患者の家族,他の医療関係者,地域の人々との円滑なコミュニケーションが求められるようになってきている.看護の専門職業人としてのコミュニケーション能力が必要,かつ,重要となってきており,看護基礎教育でもこれらを意識し教育することが重要である.We examined the description of the textbook of nursing. In order to know the evolution of communication education to date from 1870. Communication's education has changed with the times background. Work of the 1870s of nurses was a monitoring of the patient. Work of the modern nurse is to get the trust of patients. Nurse must not improve the communication skills. We must educate based nursing on it.departmental bulletin pape
Effective Model in Observational Learning
本研究の目的は,新規な運動を学習する際の手本は,習熟した映像と拙劣さの残る未習熟な映像,どちらが効果的かを検討することとした.健常若年者25名を対象とし,未習熟手本観察群と習熟手本観察群とに割り付けた.未習熟手本観察群には20分のみ練習した後の拙劣さが残る映像を呈示した.一方,習熟手本観察群には,掌での鉄球回しにおいて,習熟後の円滑な映像を呈示した.その後,パフォーマンス測定として,鉄球回しを10回転行うのに要する時間(運動時間)と落下回数を測定した.この観察と測定を3回繰り返し,パフォーマンスの経過を分散分析によって検討した.実験の結果,運動時間は,未習熟手本観察群の方が習熟手本観察群より有意に早くなった.この傾向は1回目の観察後から認められた.一方で,落下回数は両群間に違いがなかった.本研究結果によって,未習熟の手本は,運動時間に表される円滑性向上に直後から効果的であるが,落下回数にあらわされる失敗の減少には効果を認めないことが明らかになった.The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the novel model (non-skilled model that remain clumsy) is a more effective model compared to the skilled model in observation learning. Twenty-five young male adults participated. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups (novel model observation group and skilled model observation group). At first, the participants’ iron rotation performance on the left hand (time required for 10 rotations and number of dropping) was measured. The novel model observation group observed a novel model of iron rotation that a model parson practiced for only 20 minutes on his left hand. On the other hand, the skilled model observation group observed a skilled model of the iron rotation that the model parson practiced for 10 consecutive days (10 minutes per day). After the observation, the participants’ iron rotation performance was measured again. This procedure was repeated 3 times to determine motor learning process. Results showed that, for time required for 10 rotations, the novel model observation group significantly performed quicker than the skilled model observation group in all post observation. Such difference was not obtained in number of dropping. These results suggest that the novel model has an advantage in terms of 10- rotation speed which expresses motor smoothness, but not in terms of the number of dropping which expresses motor error.departmental bulletin pape
Relationship and Comparison of Expiration Gas Analysis and Quantity of Muscle of Upper Limbs and Lower Limbs in Judo Contestant and Resistance Training Practitioner
柔道競技は競技終盤に近付くと上肢が疲労困憊となるため,競技成績の向上には上肢の無酸素性持久力の強化が重要である.そこで柔道競技者における上肢の無酸素性持久力の評価の知見を得るために,柔道部男子7名とトレーニング部男子7名を対象に上肢・下肢運動を2-3分で疲労困憊になるような固定強度で負荷し,VO2,VCO2,HR,RQを経時的に測定した.
上肢運動のHRmax,下肢運動のVCO2maxにおいて柔道部はトレーニング部より有意に低かった.その他の項目について有意差はなかった.したがって,柔道部は上肢の無酸素性運動においてトレーニング部より少ない心拍数で運動を行うことができる酸素運搬能力が高いということと,下肢の運動においては無酸素性運動でありながら,トレーニング部より有酸素能力が優れていることが分かった.しかし,この結果からでは,上肢の無酸素性持久力の評価方法を明らかにするには至らなかった.今後,本研究で得られた結果をふまえて,柔道競技者における上肢の無酸素性持久力の評価方法をさらに検討していく必要がある.To improve competision results, it’s important to strengthen anoxiaendurance of your upper limbs.It's because the arm get exhausted when the judo competition gets closer to the end.So,in order to obtain a knowledge of the evaluation of anoxic stamina inupper limbs and lower limbs exercise in judo athlete, that was why Iimposed a load at fixed strength sothat upper limbs and lowew limbs Exercise were fatigued in 2 -3 minutes and measured VO2,VCO2,HR,RQ over
time.
In HRmax of upper limbs exercise and VCO2max of lower limbs exercise ,judo club was significantly lower than training club.There was no significant difference in other items. Therefore, the oxygen carrying capacity that is capable of performing the exercise in heart rate less than the training section in anaerobic exercise of upper limb is high judo, yet anaerobic exercise, from the training part in movement of the lower limbs I found that aerobic capacity is excellent. However, in this result, I failed to reveal the importance of anaerobic endurance of upper-limbs. There needs to be based on the results in the future, was obtained in the present study, we continue to review the evaluation method of anaerobic endurance in judo athlete.departmental bulletin pape
Reproducibility of Isometric Shoulder Joint Horizontal Adductor Muscle Strength as Measured by Hand-Held Dynamometer
ハンドヘルドダイナモメーターによる肩関節水平内転の等尺性筋力測定の再現性を検討することを目的とした.対象は健常大学生35名とした.測定肢位は背臥位.ベッド支柱をベルト固定に用い,肩関節90度外転および内外旋中間位,肘関節90度屈曲位にて上腕骨遠位部にパッドを配置し左右各3回測定した.検者は1名で実施し,検者内信頼性:ICC(1,1)およびBland-Altman分析を用いた.結果はICC(1,1)が0.9以上であり, 2回目と3回目の測定値を用いることで系統誤差を認めなかった.1回目の測定はオリエンテーションとして実施し,2回目の測定値を評価に用いることが有用であると示唆された.The purpose of the present work was to examine the reproducibility of isometric strength measurement of shoulder joint horizontal adduction with hand-held dynamometer. The subjects were 35 healthy college students. Measurements were performed in a supine position. The position of the upper limbs were at 90-degree shoulder abduction, the neutral position of internal-external rotation, and at 90-degree elbow flexion. A HHD sensor was placed at the distal humerus. Measurement was performed three times for each shoulder by one tester. The intraclass correlation coefficient and a Bland-Altman analysis were used to monitor reliability. ICC (1,1) was 0.9 or more, and there were no systematic errors concerning the measured values of the second and third tests. The result suggested that the first measurement should be implemented as an orientation and that the measured value of the second measurement would be reliable.departmental bulletin pape
Influence on the Peripheral Blood Flow by the Abdominal Breathing Method in a Healthy Adult Woman -Measured using a Laser Speckle Flowgraphy(LSFG-ANV)-
本研究の目的は,成人期の健康な女性を対象にLaser Speckle Flowgraphy(LSFG-ANV)を用いて
腹式呼吸法による下肢末梢血流への影響を検証することである.呼吸法実施前のMBR(mean blur rate)値を介入前基準値とし,〔吸気2秒-止息1-呼気4秒〕の呼吸パターンで行う長息呼吸と,一呼吸1秒程度の短息呼吸をそれぞれ10秒間行い,その間の下肢のMBR測定結果と介入前基準値との有意差を検証した.結果n=14の有効データを得,MBR平均値は介入前基準値79.26±14.57,長息呼吸時84.06±12.07,短息呼吸時103.85±14.38であった.
分析の結果,F値5.3408>3.2380(5%境界値)p<0.01にて,介入前基準値,長息呼吸時,短息呼吸時のMBRは有意に差があることが示唆された.特にTukey-Kramer法による分析結果では,介入前基準値と短息呼吸時のMBR間に危険率1%で有意差が認められた.The purpose of this research is to verify the Influence on the peripheral blood flow by the abdominal
breathing method in a healthy adult woman measured using a Laser Speckle Flowgraphy(LSFG-ANV).
We verified significant difference of MBR (mean blur rate) by 10 seconds in two patterns.One is long breathing pattern such as[Intake air 2 seconds - stop breathe second - breath 4 seconds] and, the other is fast pattern breathing . Results : n = 14, MBR average [before 73.8 ± 3.1, long breath breathing at 82.1 ± 2.2, short breath breathing at 102.9 ± ranged from 7.9]. F value 5.3408 > 3.2380 (5% threshold), p < 0.01 that suggests the significant difference between before breathing, long breath and short breath.departmental bulletin pape
Awareness of the Services of the Student Counseling Office by Newly Enrolled Students at a University of Medicine and Medical Sciences : A Comparison by Year and by Gender
本研究は,医療系大学の学生が学生相談についてどのように認知しているのか,およびそれに影響する要因を検討することを目的として,2012年および2013年の7月に実施した調査について報告するものである.学生の学生相談室への認知,心理面での専門家の援助に対する構え,メンタルヘルスの状態を明らかにする.調査対象者は医療系学科の学生520名であった.結果は,2013年度の新入生の方が,学生相談室への関心や期待が高く,問題を解決することを求めることを志向しており,特に女子にその傾向が強かった.また,学生相談室に関心や期待を持つことが専門的援助を求めることが影響した.そして,自己解決志向が相談室への無関心に影響していた.これらの理由として次の2点が考えられる.①男子よりも女子の方が対人関係に求めるものが深いが,友人関係では満たせないために相談室を利用する.②対象大学の学生相談室体制が,特に主訴がなくても来室を受け入れたり,関係する教職員とのコンサルテーションを積極的に行ったりするようになった.This study is a report on the investigation, conducted in July 2012 and of 2013, with the objective to examine how the students of Faculty of Health Science of a university recognized student counseling and the factors that influenced their recognition. It elucidated their recognition of the student counseling office, their attitudes toward the support of professionals of mental health and their state of mental health. The subjects of the investigation consisted of 520 students in Faculty of Health Science. The results indicated that the new students of the academic year 2013 had a higher interest in and higher expectations of the student counseling office than those of 2012. They looked toward that office to have their problems solved. In particular, female students were more so inclined. The readiness on the part of the students to seek professional help influenced the extent of their interest in and their expectations for the student counseling office. Moreover, their orientation in solving their problems on their own determined their lack of interest in the counseling office. The following two aspects may be considered to be the reasons for their attitudes: (1) Female students were more inclined to seek intimate human relationships more than male students, but they visit the counseling office, since they were not satisfied with their friendships. (2) The system of student counseling office of the subject university started to accept students for counseling, even if they had no major complaints and consultations with their teaching staff have also started to be carried out proactively.departmental bulletin pape
An Approach to the Visualization of Nursing Education Content in the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ryotokuji University
看護師養成課程を持つ4年制大学(以下,看護系大学とする)は急増し,平成25年度210校を超えた1).このような社会背景のもと本学の看護学科は平成23年4月に開設され3年目を迎えた.看護学科の教育課程は,「教養科目」「専門基礎科目」「専門科目(統合科目を含む)」に大別され「専門科目」は全て看護学で構成されている.看護学は「基礎看護学」「成人看護学」「高齢者看護学」「精神看護学」「小児看護学」「母性看護学」「在宅看護学」「公衆衛生看護学」の8つの領域に分かれ,さらに各領域の科目は「概論」「方法論」「実習」より成り立っている.教員は,いずれかの領域に属しており,その専門性を発揮することができる反面,他の領域の教育内容について精通しているとは言い難い.そこで,平成24年度から看護学科カリキュラム検討委員会を立ち上げ,看護学教育内容の可視化を目指し,特に「疾患」と「看護技術」の項目に焦点を当て検討を重ねた.本稿は,その結果の報告である.The number of the universities for nurse training has recently been increasing rapidly. In 2013, it is over 210. Two years have passed since the Department of Nursing of the Faculty of Health, Ryotokuji University opened in April 2010. The nursing curriculum in our department consists of “Liberal Arts Subjects” “Basic Specialists Subjects” and “Specialist Subjects”. The special subjects curriculum consists of nursing science subjects. It is composed of 8fields, “fundamental nursing”, “adult nursing”, “gerontological nursing”, “psychiatric and mental health nursing”, “pediatric nursing”, “maternal health nursing”, “home care nursing” and “public health nursing”, and each filed covers “introduction”, “methodology” and “practice”. The members of teaching staff attached to each field, are specialists in their own fields, but, they are not necessarily familiar with what is taught in other fields. For the purpose of familiarizing each specialist with our nursing education as a whole, we organized a ”Curriculum Review Committee” in Department of Nursing in 2012 for the visualization of our nursing education contents. In the present paper, we report the result of its activities.departmental bulletin pape
Genes Move Around
DNA の二重らせん構造の発見は分子生物学の誕生を意味していた。この発見から50年後、ヒトゲノムの遺伝暗号解析が完了した。20世紀のかなりの間、遺伝子は安定していて動かないと考えられていた。しかし、1940年の後半、Barbara McClintock は、トウモロコシで可動性遺伝子を提唱した。可動性遺伝子(transposon)は1970年代になってパラダイムとなった。抗体の多様性の起源は生物学の大きな謎であった。可動性遺伝子は,この難問に対する究極の答えではないかと期待された。この仮説は制限酵素の発見により現実になった。我々は抗体産生細胞では免疫グロブリン遺伝子が再構成することを見出した。また我々は レトロトランスポゾンであるintracisternal A particle 遺伝子が免疫グロブリン遺伝子のイントロンに挿入され遺伝子発現が制御されることを示した。この論文では可動性遺伝子と免疫グロブリン遺伝子発現の研究発展の歴史を個人的感想もいれて振り返る。The report describing the double helix structure of DNA seen through X-ray diffraction patterns was the birth of molecular biology. We have witnessed the completion of The Human Genome Project fifty years after this landmark paper. For much of the 20th century, genes were considered to be stable. In the late 1940s, however, Barbara McClintock working on cornfields described movable genetic elements in maize. The theory of the movable genetic elements (transposons) has become a paradigm in modern biology of eukaryotes in the 1970s. The molecular mechanism involved in the generation of antibody diversity was one of the most significant issues to be solved in modern biology. The idea that genetic elements could move within chromosomes was expected to be the ultimate answer to the formidable question. The idea became a reality by the discovery of restriction enzymes. We have shown that the immunoglobulin genes are rearranged in antibody-producing cells. The dynamic nature of chromosome fluidity is responsible for the mechanisms in gene expression and evolution. As well, we have found that intracisternal A particle genes classified as a group of retrotransposons regulate the expression of immunoglobulin genes. Further, an experimental system to transfer genes into lymphoid cells has been established. This article discusses a brief history of the discovery of movable genetic elements in eukaryotic genomes and the molecular mechanisms involved in immunoglobulin gene expression.departmental bulletin pape
Report on Grass Roots Technique Cooperation (Partner Model) by JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) : Project for Prevalence of Japanese Traditional Treatment (Judo Therapy) Trained Leader
この日本伝統治療(柔道整復術)指導者育成・普及プロジェクトは,公益社団法人日本柔道整復師会が独立行政法人国際協力機構(以下,JICA)の草の根技術協力事業(パートナー型)の支援(5年間)を受け,モンゴル国内において『柔道整復術の指導・普及がモンゴル人のみにより可能となる状態になること』を目標とし,2011年9月よりスタートした.
背景・目的として,骨折,脱臼等の外傷が多発するモンゴル国において,一次医療を担うバク医師(准医師:首都ウランバートルでは医師の指示の下看護業務を行うも,地方では,医師の指示なしで手術以外の処置を担う)が,受傷患者に対し適切な治療を行い,外傷後の後遺症で悩む国民を一人でも少なくすることが求められている.
多くの遊牧生活を営むモンゴル人にとっての特有な問題は,病院が遠方にあるため適切な医療を受けることが出来ない現状にある.そのため,怪我をした際の適切な処置を受けることが出来ず変形治癒,機能障害などの後遺症を強いられることになる.
モンゴル国の医療の中に柔道整復術を取り入れる意義は,高価な医療材料を用いる事なく徒手的に疼痛を緩解させ,適切な整復・固定を行い,機能障害を残さないことがモンゴル国民に対し裨益する事にある.医療インフラ未整備のモンゴル国においては、現地で入手可能な器材を用いて徒手的に治療を行う柔道整復術が非常に有効であり、現行のプロジェクトによりその普及の基礎は築かれている.更なる普及のためには,医療従事者や将来医療従事者になる学生に対する実技を中心とした講習会をさらに充実させるとともに,モンゴル人柔道整復術指導者を育成し,プロジェクト終了後も,モンゴル人による普及活動が継続的に行われる体制が確立されることが必要である.そのためにも指導者候補に対する特別講義,臨床実習は日本人指導員とモンゴル人指導者候補が一体となり知識の習得と臨床経験を積んでいくことが重要である.
今回,我々日本人指導者が2班に別れて行動した.私のチームは、日本人指導者が3名で(他にコーディネーター2名),将来医療従事者になるモンゴル国立健康科学大学の学生に対して1か月間の理論・実技と確認試験.他に外傷病院での臨床研修指導.他のチームは地方への医療従事者に対しての実技指導.そしてチーム合同でJICA主催による一般公開セミナーをそれぞれ実施したので報告する.また,日本人墓地跡「ダムバダルジャー」慰霊碑を訪ね参拝したので併せて報告する.In the State of Mongolia, where many nomadic people live, injuries such as bone fracture or dislocation, are common diseases. Because most of nomadic people live far away from a city, they cannot receive medical treatment in a hospital. Judo therapy, a traditional therapeutic technique for injuries in Japan, can be performed by using only tool or equipment obtained there. Therefore the spread of Judo therapy all over the State is very beneficial to Mongolian people.
I report here my experience in teaching the Judo therapy to Mongolian leader candidates in the State of Mongolia as a member of JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency).departmental bulletin pape