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People’s Perception on Ecological Sanitation and Health Risks Associated in Central Nepal
Get PDFapplication/pdfIn 2015, it was estimated that 2.4 billion people globally still use unimproved sanitation facilities, among which 40% live in Southern Asia (WHO 2015). Ecological sanitation could be the best alternative to solve the problem of sanitation and to improve livelihood. The study was conducted in one of the Village Development Committee (VDC) of Bhaktapur district where ecosan toilet was constructed for the households with the financial and technical help from Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO). The present study investigated ecosan users’ and non-users’ attitudes towards ecosan toilet through questionnaire survey. Fifteen ecosan users and 15 non-users were interviewed. Five ecosan users were selected from abovementioned 15 users for microbial contamination. Fecal contamination on hands, shoes back, soil sample and ecosan manure sample was measured by monitoring Echerichia coli as a fecal indicator bacteria. The results from the questionnaire survey suggested that all ecosan user farmers agreed with the positive effects of ecosan manure in terms of fertilizer use and have not mentioned any problems on use of ecosan toilet. Although majority of the non-ecosan users are aware of the benefits of ecosan toilet but only few are willing to install ecosan toilet due to its drawbacks such as need of ash, user unfriendly and unsuitability for large size family (> 5 family members). Need of proper management of ecosan toilet and awareness campaign on self-hygiene was found to be necessary to promote effective use of ecosan toilet. The E. coli tests suggested that only ecosan manure is not the source for fecal transmission. However urine and ecosan manure from ecosan toilet might get contaminated by fecal microorganisms through other sources. Proper attention is necessary to reduce such contamination which is generally neglected by the users.articl
Newsletter Toward the Regeneration of Tropical Peatland Societies No.8
Get PDFapplication/pdf・2019 Peatland and Forest Fires in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
・Detecting underground fires with drones
・Global and Indonesian Climate in 2019
・News of Indonesian Fires in 2019
・Peat Swamps' Importance for Freshwater Fish and Ecosystems
・Project Membersarticl
Development of Separation Process of Soluble Nutrients from Synthetic Dairy Slurry by Modified Solvay Process
Get PDFapplication/pdfThere is a huge problem with the reuse of dairy slurry (i.e., liquid fraction of dairy manure) which has a high potential as a fertilizer in Japan. The dairy farmer applies too much dairy slurry to their farm for pasture and meadow, because they have a huge amount of slurry production, resulting in over-fertilizing and also causing a bad odor problem. To overcome these problems, the nutrients should be used for other crops managed by other farmers. This is, however, costly due to transportation and a special machine needed for its application. Furthermore, nutrient salt concentrations of slurry as such is improper. Therefore, the solid fertilizers production process (SFPP) from dairy slurry is proposed to produce ammonium sulfate and potassium chloride as fertilizers, and sodium hydrogen carbonate as a by-product. The objectives of this research are 1) to investigate the effect of temperature on sodium hydrogen carbonate precipitation and 2) to confirm the principle of separated precipitation of sodium and potassium. As a result, precipitation of sodium hydrogen carbonate was observed in the temperature range from 25°C to 50°C. The sodium concentration in precipitation was high at 25°C among the experiments. Then, the sodium removal and potassium recovery processes produced sodium hydrogen carbonate and potassium chloride precipitations separately, without ammonia in the precipitations. The element analysis and XRD analysis supported the existence of the crystals. Finally, the possibility of separate production of potassium fertilizer and sodium salt was confirmed.articl
Interjections and discourse markers in Lhagang Tibetan
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis article provides a list of interjections and discourse markers attested in Lhagang Tibetan. The data has been collected from everyday conversations as well as storytelling. It consists of two main parts: the use of interjection alone and in response.
Examples are described with prosodic forms if necessary. This practice can help readers recognise the function of a given interjection.
A supplement on ‘exclamative’ is added at the end of the article. The example suggests that Lhagang Tibetan distinguishes interjections from exclamatives.articl
Humanity ＆ Nature Newsletter No.80
Get PDFapplication/pdf特集1 栄養循環プロジェクト企画
いかにして地域の課題と向き合うか
栄養循環プロジェクトの軌跡からアクションリサーチのあり方を考える
小林邦彦 ＋ 石橋弘之
◆地球研講義室―― 研究成果を解説する
先端技術と執念で明らかにしたリンの起源
石田卓也（研究員）
◆所員紹介̶̶ 私の考える地球環境問題と未来
実践と研究との〈あわい〉を楽しむ
リーヤ・ランビーノ（特任准教授）
特集2 対談
人を活かす泥炭地の可能性を描く
甲山 治 ＋ 阿部健一
◆所員紹介̶̶ 私の考える地球環境問題と未来
出会いがつながりAakashプロジェクトとして動きだす
林田佐智子（教授）
◆表紙は語る
マニラ上流での調査
池谷 透（研究員）articl