International Journal of Medical Science Research and Practice (IJMSRP)
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The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis: A case report
No full textThe objective of this report was to show the role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis. The sonographic assessment revealed that there was increased amniotic fluid with hyperplacentosis. The transonic fluid interface was noted in the fetal abdomen in keeping with fetal ascites. There was bilateral pleural effusion with obvious subcutaneous scalp edema and right scrotal hydrocele. Ultrasound imaging is very effective and adequate in the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis
Rhinolith a rare presentation in adolescent age group
No full textRhinolith is rare calcareous concretions that are formed by the deposition of salts on an intranasal foreign body. The foreign body acts as a nidus that causes obstruction of nasal secretions, acute and chronic inflammation, deposition of minerals and enzymatic activities of bacterial pathogens, leading to slow and progressive increases in size. Symptoms are normally progressive unilateral nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea (usually purulent and fetid), cacosmia, and epistaxis. Other less common symptoms include headaches, facial pain, and epiphora. They are usually found in the anterior part of the nasal cavity and are usually diagnosed on history and anterior rhinoscopy. A 16-year-old female presented with complains of headache, difficulty in breathing from left nostril, prolonged runny nose with foul smell, and at times bloody nasal discharge for the 1 year. Otolaryngeal clinical examination revealed deviated nasal septum toward the right side. The left nasal cavity appeared wide with a hard mass lying on the floor of the left nasal cavity which was irregular in shape with a rough surface and was slightly mobile but tender and with bleeding tendency. A diagnosis of rhinolith was clinically made, and the patient was admitted for removal of the rhinolith. Computed tomography paranasal sinuses were done, the impression was irregular shaped calcified rhinolith seen in left nasal cavity. Although rhinoliths are rare, attending clinicians should keep in mind during the examination of patients. It requires a high index of suspicion when dealing with nasal symptoms such as progressive unilateral nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea (usually purulent and fetid), cacosmia, and unilateral nasal bleeding
A retrospective study of road traffi c accidents - injury characteristics, management and outcome at Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly
No full textAim: This is a retrospective study carried out in Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly to study the injury characteristics, management and outcome of road traffi c accidents and factors responsible for these injuries.
Background: Urbanization has led to an increased number of vehicles on the roads. This together with an extreme apathy on the part of authorities to implement traffi c rules has led to a phenomenal rise in the number of road traffi c accidents. Lack of a proper pre-hospital care system has only added to the woes. Thus, the need for this study.
Materials and Methods: All case records of road traffi c accident victims admitted to the hospital between January and December 2013 were analyzed statistically with respect to their demographic profi le, injury characteristics, management and outcome. The revised trauma score was used to assess the patients and study its reliability in predicting mortality at the time of presentation to the casualty.
Results: This study showed that the majority of crash victims were males in the age group 21-40 years accounting for huge economic losses for their families and the country at large. Motorized two-wheeler accounted for 62.5% of the accidents. Musculoskeletal injuries (57.5%) were the most common injuries, followed by those to the face, neck, and head. Local wound treatment (72%) was the most common surgical procedure performed. About 12.5% of the trauma victims did not survive their injury.
conclusion: Road traffi c accidents are preventable. Strict traffi c laws and penalties have to be imposed to curb this ever growing menace
Current trends of major lower limb amputations at a tertiary care centre of Jammu, India
No full textAim: The aim of this study is to look for the current and any changing trends in the major lower limb amputations (LLAs) in the developing countries.
Background: Amputation is the last treatment option in limbs, which are not salvageable or when the diseased limb poses a threat to the life of the patient. Indications of LLA are many, but trauma is the leading cause of major LLA in the developing nations, while as peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and diabetes is the most common indication in developed nations.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted from December 2012 to October 2013 in Government Medical College, Jammu, a tertiary care center of North India. Demographic profi le of the patients along with indications, level of amputation, peri-operative complications and additional procedures required in the patients who had major LLAs during the study period were recorded. The date was analyzed by appropriate statistical tests.
Results: There were 33 major LLAs performed at an average rate of 3 per month. Average age of patients was 43.5 years with 88.87% patients being males. 30.56% amputations were traumatic while as PVD and diabetes was the etiology in 19.44% and 16.67% amputations, respectively. Two patients expired in the post-operative period. Infection of the stump was the most common local complication in the post-operative period.
Conclusion: Trauma still is the most common cause of LLAs in the developing nations, but amputations for complications of diabetes is on the rise and may be the leading etiology in future
Study on accessory abductor digiti minimi
No full textBackground: Abductor digiti minimi (ADM) along with other hypothenar muscles, is prone to lot of variations. Its close relation to the ulnar neurovascular bundle makes it an important muscle. The most common being the presence of accessory slips (accessory ADM [AADM]). The embryological basis for such slips, their morphology and their relation to ulnar neurovascular bundle were studied in detail.
Materials and Methods: A total of 100 upper limbs (80 males and 20 females) were studied for the presence or absence of AADM and its relation to ulnar nerve (UN) and vessels were studied in detail.
Results: Of these 100, four limbs had AADM, in which three were superfi cial to the ulnar artery and nerve and hence compressing them.
Conclusion: Presence of AADM can result in hypothenar hammer syndrome of ulnar artery and/or in compression neuropathy of UN and cause undue problems during any fl ap surgeries and other procedures of the hand
Bilateral plexiform neurofibroma in neurofibromatosis Type 1: A case report and literature review
No full textNeurofibromatosis Type 1 is a multisystem autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder. Plexiform neurofibroma involves peripheral and cranial nerves. It is usually congenital in origin and a frequent cause of morbidity and mortalit
Dose calculations in high-dose rate brachytherapy planning for cancer treatment
No full textThis article provides the overview of current literature regarding the application of high-dose rate planning and optimization techniques. A summary of commonly used optimization technique known as heuristics method (stochastic and deterministic) is also provided
A comparative study of serum lipid profile and glucose level between breast cancer patients and controls at tertiary care hospital in India
No full textAim-The aim of this study is to compare serum lipid profiles: total-cholesterol (T-CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum glucose between breast cancer patients and control to evaluate their relationship with breast cancer.
Background-There are many researches which have reported positive as well as negative association of plasma/serum lipids and lipoproteins and serum glucose with different cancers. Increase levels of circulating lipids and serum glucose have been associated with breast cancer risk.
Material Methods-A total of 92 consecutive cases of histologically proven carcinoma breast along with same number of age matched, disease free controls were selected. Serum lipid and serum glucose levels of both cases and controls were estimated.
Results-The results of this study suggest that low (HDL-C) level and high (TG) levels are associated with risk of breast cancer in Indian women while serum glucose level does not show any association with breast cancer risk.
Conclusion-More studies are needed in future to explore common modifiable risk factors for development of breast cancer, so that its incidence can be reduced
Effect of Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra on cardiovascular hyper-reactivity to cold presser test
No full textAim- The aim of this study was to investigate whether regular practice of Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra for 3 months can reduce cardiovascular hyper-reactivity to cold presser test in young healthy medical students.
Background- A number of studies support the beneficial effect of Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra in hypertension. No study has been done to evaluate combined effect of pranayama and meditation in hyper-reactors to cold pressor test.
Material Methods- A total of 94 young medical students were selected who performed Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra for duration of three months. Cold presser test was done on each student before and after yoga.
Results- There was 79% reduction in hyper-reactivity to cold presser test as number of hyper-reactors reduced from 32 before the study to 7 after three months of yoga. Systolic rise of blood pressure to cold presser test reduced from 20.1 ± 3.5 mm Hg to 15.2 ± 3.7 mm Hg (p<0.001) and diastolic rise reduced from 13.81 ± 3.4 mm Hg to 10.37 ± 2.62 mm Hg (p<0.001) in hyper-reactors. Mean systolic blood pressure in all the 94 subjects reduced from 119.87 ± 12.01 mm Hg to 117.68 ± 11.89 mm Hg whereas mean diastolic blood pressure reduced from 77.08 ± 9.3 mm Hg to 75.11 ± 9.07 mm Hg (p<0.001).
Conclusion- Bhramari Pranayama and Yoganidra together can significantly alleviate stress induced changes in cardiovascular parameters
A rare case of pancreatic pseudocyst involving liver and spleen
No full textA pancreatic pseudocyst is a common complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis. We present the case of a 27-yearold man with pancreatic pseudocyst involving liver and spleen. Most of the pseudocysts are located within the head and the body of the pancreas but 20% are extrapancreatic. Several locations of the pancreatic pseudocyst such as pleura, mediastinum, and the pelvis, have been described. We present a rare case of pancreatic pseudocyst involving left lobe of liver and upper pole of the spleen