Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology Review)
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Between Loneliness and Survival. An Everyday Life Fragment in the Collectivized Village
Get PDFIn this paper I will try to reconstitute some aspects of the everyday reality in the collectivized village in the seventh and eighth decades of the last century. I will focus on Aluniş village from the Benesat commune, Sălaj County, a village situated on Someş Valley, on the railway connecting cities Jibou and Baia Mare. The reconstruction is based on the memories, written almost daily, of a villager, Paşca Alexa, who was a former political prisoner. Beyond the inevitable subjectivity of such notes, they point to the daily fight for survival of the villagers, the strategies used to meet the challenges of the communist regime, and also they capture the acuity end of the peasantry, against the background of major social processes of the communist period. Using a contextual-localist methodological perspective based on everyday life testimonies, I tried to show that the communist regime cannot be catalogued in a reductionist and abstract way. It is, like any social structure, a builder of historicity, even if it implied a great human drama. Within the proposed approach I have tried to restore fragments of everyday life during the communist regime. I followed both relations of population with the authority and interpersonal relationships within the rural communities, which constitute the subjects of the diaries
Evoluția inegalităților educaționale în România: tranzițiile educaționale ale celor născuți până în 1985: Evolution of Educational Inequalities in Romania: Educational Transitions in People Born Before 1985
No full textPostcommunist transition has been the excellent occasion for cvasiexperiments on the impact of large scales of policies aimed at managing social inequalities including those in the field of education. The present article is investigating the dynamics of access to education for several cohort of Romanian citizens born until 1985 by following the expansion of various levels of education but especially of the factors that have influenced the probability of accomplishing a specific educational career using the model of educational transitions. Our study of 4500 Romanian citizens confirms the observations of previous works which, using models of educational transition, recorded the fact that the communist regimes from Central and Eastern Europe did not have any notable and durable performances in leveling of the chances of access to high levels of instruction. Moreover, social inequalities had a significant impact on the probability of graduating from high-school and university in the whole period of time, especially through mechanisms of educational reproduction. Concerning intra-cohort comparisons our data partially confirm the hypothesis of diminishing inequalities during the life-cycle. The analyses presented in this article confirm our expectations regarding the deepening of the inequalities of access for the generation educated during the post-communist period in the cases of all three investigated transitions
„Există viitor! Înfruntă prezentul.” O campanie de comunicare ca instrument de dezvoltare a comunităţilor miniere din România: "There Is A Future! Confront The Prezent”. A Communications Campaign as a Development Tool for the Mining Communities of Romania
No full textThe study presents a public awareness campaign, part of a World Bank financed Project to support the social and economic regeneration of the mining areas, severely affected by the restructuring – practically, disappearance – of the extractive industry in Romania. The paper presents the key theoretical models used for a campaign on a community based project but which has also used dissemination and social marketing techniques. The communication strategy is based on a very extensive quantitative and qualitative research at the level of the mining areas of the country. Key groups (active and passive from an informational point of view) are identified and their attributes and informational needs and key communication vectors are detailed. The objectives of the campaign are to raise awareness on the Project components, the opportunities for the individuals and aims to change the behavior of the passive population to become an active seeker of information regarding available opportunities. The communication strategy presented is supported by a national and local media campaign, blended with the setting up and functioning of a network of over 110 Public Information Points (PIP) located mainly in Mayors’ offices. PIPs provide easily accessible data and guidance on social assistance measures and other information aimed at improving their livelihoods, including job opportunities. The results of the campaign, estimated based on end of project evaluations, appear to have had a positive impact on the population in view of the results of the project and the impact on attitudes regarding civic participation, competition, social capital
Sociology and Politics. Intellectuals in Romanian Interwar Political Affairs. Antonio Momoc, The Political Pitfalls of Interwar Sociology. Gusti’s School between Monarchy and Legionary Movement, Curtea Veche, Bucureşti, 2012, 412 p.: Sociologie şi politică. Despre implicarea intelectualilor în politica României interbelice. Antonio Momoc, Capcanele politice ale sociologiei interbelice. Şcoala gustiană între carlism şi legionarism, Curtea Veche, Bucureşti, 2012, 412 p.
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Trei în unu sau Despre cum încap dreapta, stânga şi centrul în aceeaşi oală. O abordare comparată de istorie orală a Şcolii sociologice de la Bucureşti: Three in One. Notes on How the Right, the Left and the Center Fit Together in the Bucharest Sociological School – A Comparative Oral History Approach
No full textIn this article I address the pluralistic ideological and political format of an intellectual and research group active in interwar Romania, and the difficulties raised by this characteristic in situating the group in one fixed and monolithic ideological or political cluster. After World War I and the Paris Peace Treaty, the provinces of Transylvania, Bessarabia and Bukovina were annexed to the Old Kingdom, and “Greater” Romania came into existence, bringing about difficult and complex problems of nation building and social reform. Sociological research and social action seemed one possible way of addressing the crisis of Romanian society. Thus, during the late 1920s and especially in the 1930s, a large social and national research and action program emerged. In this paper I argue that the Bucharest Sociological School functioned as an intellectual and sociological research group whose ideological and political development and orientation mirrored the Romanian public sphere, thus ensuring the School a pluralistic format. The primary research method is analysis of the some of the oral history documents provided by Zoltán Rostás’ broad project of interviewing the members of the School mostly during the 1980s. I compare the discourses of the first and the second generations of monographers as recorded in oral history interviews with the goal to provide an alternate reading of the ideological and political orientations of the Sociological School founded and coordinated by Dimitrie Gusti
Etno-istoria și artizanatul popular în variabilitatea etno-culturală din România: Ethno-history and Handicraft Arts within the Conditions of the Ethno-cultural Variability from Romania)
No full textIn describing folk cultures, documentary resources such as the oral traditions and craft artifacts appear generally to be forms of „saying” and, respectively, „making” one’s ethnic identity. Thus, the hypothesis according to which vernacular evocations could contribute to the restoring of some specific community origins (either legendary, or historical ones) is accompanied by the assumption that artifacts would reflect certain cycles of events responsible for cultural developments and trajectories of the ethnic groups, once the founding of them – mythical or historical – would have occurred. Narratives and the material culture are obviously interdependent with each other, within either historical or ethnographic contextualization, since the legends and the life histories come to be „illustrated” in the ornamental artisanship, while the techniques of traditional arts are learned and passed on by „word of mouth” and by an ethno-folkloric recognition of past craftsmen’s contributions. In my paper, ethno-cultural belongingness has, therefore, to be validated based on the local coherence and substantiation of ethnicity, first in the framework of several minority groups that have been investigated in the course of our current research (the Căldărars, the Lipovans, the Rudars, the Saxons, the Szeklers, the Tatars, and the Turks), and then in the cross-cultural interpretation of them
