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Deuteron identification via time of flight with LHCb
Get PDFIt is shown that the timing capabilities of the LHCb detector operated during the LHC Run 2 can be used to identify light ion particles with momenta of a few GeV/c. This is achieved by estimating the particle time of flight through a newly developed technique. A dedicated reconstruction procedure and a neural-network-based estimator of the particle speed have been developed to enable deuteron identification by suppressing the abundant background from lighter particles. The performance of the identification procedure is demonstrated in a sample of proton-helium collisions at sNN = 110 GeV, where the production of deuteron and triton particles is observed. This novel approach opens the way to study deuteron and antideuteron production for different collision systems at different energy scales, exploiting the rich dataset collected by the LHCb experiment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Exploring How Artificial Intelligence (AI) Can Enable Sustainability in the Hospitality Industry
Get PDFThe hospitality industry, encompassing operations from hotels and resorts to restaurants and event venues, faces increasing pressure to integrate sustainability into its core business practices. The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) offers potential to make the industry more sustainable, but this potential remains empirically underexplored. This study bridges this knowledge gap by introducing the convergence innovation framework, a concept defining the fusion of distinct domains to create novel solutions, to examine the integration of AI within hospitality operations for enhanced sustainability across environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Through semi-structured interviews with 35 senior industry professionals in the United Kingdom and Spain, the study reveals that, beyond well-known efficiency gains, AI can mitigate environmental impact through proactive optimisation of energy and water consumption, dynamic waste minimisation systems, and intelligent building management that adapts to real-time conditions. AI can improve social sustainability by personalising guest experiences tailored to eco-friendly preferences and enhancing staff well-being through optimised operational tasks. Economically, AI holds opportunities for precision in supply chain management and demand forecasting, leading to waste reduction and cost savings. These findings offer empirically grounded insights for hospitality organisations to strategically capitalise on the convergence of AI and sustainability, promoting resilience and competitive advantage in a rapidly evolving hospitality market.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Emergent and growing entrepreneurial ecosystems: How do institutional logics shape fields of entrepreneurship?
Get PDFThis article explores two different types of entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) – emergent and growing – using the institutional logics perspective. Fields of entrepreneurship within EEs are analysed empirically in two U.K. cities, and the institutional orders that inform the dominant entrepreneurial institutional logic in each ecosystem are uncovered. The study reveals that, in an emergent ecosystem, entrepreneurs notice institutional voids and take part in institutional entrepreneurship to strengthen the institutional order of ‘Profession’ and ‘Community’ institutional orders. In a growing EE, the strength of ‘Community’ and ‘Market’ institutional orders and overlapping activity-based fields helps to strengthen the entrepreneurial institutional logic. This perspective develops and enriches our understanding of EEs as localised contexts in which embedded fields of entrepreneurship are sensitive to local institutional conditions, particularly highlighting divergent institutional logics in different ecosystem contexts. This represents a novel approach to analysing EEs through the lens of the institutional logics perspective, by utilising a framework to understand the interinstitutional system-based institutional orders as influencers that shape the dominant institutional logic in a field of entrepreneurship.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
The role of Spanish research in the international scientific production on teachers’ digital competence (2010-2023): trends, problems, and challenges
Get PDFEste artículo tiene como objetivo situar la investigación española relativa a la competencia digital docente
(CDD) en el contexto internacional. Se han analizado en profundidad un total de 580 publicaciones en revistas indexadas en Web of Science y Scopus durante el periodo 2010-2023. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto un crecimiento exponencial durante las últimas dos décadas en dicha temática, el protagonismo indiscutible de la investigación española (60 % del total de publicaciones) y una elevada concentración de la difusión científica en pocas revistas académicas. Se identifica como ámbito de estudio prioritario la (auto)percepción del profesorado o futuro profesorado abordándose, casi exclusivamente, mediante encuestas con poblaciones dispersas y muestras muy reducidas y no probabilísticas. Por tanto, se hace necesario trabajar con muestras más representativas y metodologías cualitativas que permitan dar coherencia a una legislación sobre CDD que se ha centrado en la educación no universitaria, mientras que la investigación sigue tomando como objeto de estudio mayoritario al alumnado y al profesorado universitario.Este artigo tem como objetivo situar a produção científica espanhola relacionada à competência digital docente (CDD) no contexto internacional. Foram analisadas em profundidade um total de 580 publicações
em revistas indexadas na Web of Science e Scopus no período de 2010-2023. Os resultados revelam um
crescimento exponencial nas últimas duas décadas sobre este tema, o protagonismo indiscutível da pesquisa espanhola (60% do total de publicações) e uma elevada concentração da difusão científica em poucas revistas acadêmicas. A (auto)percepção dos professores ou futuros professores é identificada como uma área prioritária de estudo, sendo abordada quase exclusivamente através de pesquisas com populações dispersas e amostras muito reduzidas e não probabilísticas. Portanto, é necessário trabalhar com amostras mais representativas e metodologias qualitativas que permitam dar coerência à legislação sobre CDD que tem se centrado no ensino não universitário, enquanto a pesquisa continua a ter como principal objeto de estudo os estudantes e professores universitários.The aim of this article is to place Spanish research on teacher digital competence within the international context. The research includes an in-depth analysis of 580 publications indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases from the period 2010-2023. The results show an exponential growth over the last two decades in this area, highlighting the undeniable prominence of Spanish research (accounting for 60% of the total publications) and indicating a high concentration of scientific dissemination in a few academic journals. The (self-)perception of teachers or future teachers has been identified as a priority area of study, being addressed almost exclusively through surveys conducted with dispersed populations and very small, non-probabilistic samples. Therefore, it becomes necessary to work with more representative samples and qualitative methodologies that can provide coherence to legislation on teacher digital competence, which has focused on non-university education, while research predominantly takes students and university teachers as its main subjects of study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
First Evidence for Direct CP Violation in Beauty to Charmonium Decays
Get PDFThe CP asymmetry and branching fraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa-suppressed decay B+→J/ψπ+ are precisely measured relative to the favored decay B+→J/ψK+ using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb-1 recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV during 2016-2018. The results of the CP asymmetry difference and branching fraction ratio are ΔACPACP(B+→J/ψπ+)-ACP(B+→J/ψK+)=(1.29±0.49±0.08)×10-2, Rπ/K[B(B+→J/ψπ+)/B(B+→J/ψK+)]=(3.852±0.022±0.018)×10-2, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. A combination with previous LHCb results based on data collected at 7 and 8 TeV in 2011 and 2012 yields ΔACP=(1.42±0.43±0.08)×10-2 and Rπ/K=(3.846±0.018±0.018)×10-2. The combined ΔACP value deviates from zero by 3.2 standard deviations, providing the first evidence for direct CP violation in the amplitudes of beauty decays to charmonium final states.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Surplus food commercialization in China: an attitude-behaviour-context based strategy for food waste reduction in the retail and hospitality sectors
Get PDFPurpose: This study integrates the theory of planned behaviour and attitude-behaviour-context theory to identify determinants (price consciousness, sales proneness and food waste awareness) and barriers (perceived risks) of consumer purchase intentions toward surplus food in two different sectors in China. Specifically, it focuses on the retail sector and on the hotels, restaurants and cafés (here on HoReCa) sector. This distinction is relevant because, while HoReCa consumers prioritize trust and immediacy of consumption, retail shoppers emphasize economic incentives and autonomy. Design/methodology/approach: An online survey was administered to a panel of consumers in China who were above 18 years old and responsible for household food purchasing. Respondents (N = 695) were predominantly female, educated to the graduate level, aged 31–49, and in full-time employment. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was chosen for its ability to analyse complex models and support exploratory research in emerging fields like surplus food commercialization. Findings: Attitudes and personal norms positively influence surplus food purchase intentions in the retail and HoReCa sectors. Emphasizing economic and environmental benefits and ensuring quality and safety and foster positive attitudes. Social, psychological and financial risks do not significantly impact consumers’ attitudes towards surplus food. Perceived behavioural control enhances purchase intentions in retail but not in HoReCa, likely due to differences in food availability and consumer autonomy. Practical implications: To drive acceptance, businesses and policymakers should improve surplus food accessibility in HoReCa, enhance transparency about quality and safety and leverage economic incentives with environmental benefit. There is potential for broader adoption, making these measures crucial for reducing food waste and advancing sustainability development goals. Originality/value: This study addresses a gap in understanding motivations and barriers towards surplus food commercialization in China, a context characterized by rapid economic growth, evolving consumer preferences and increasing urgency to address food waste in the retail and HoReCa sectors. Besides, China’s unique cultural norms (e.g. tension between frugality in retail and social status in HoReCa) have been overlooked in prior studies, creating a critical gap in sector-specific strategies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The role of fashion corporations in ethical and sustainable global governance: A comparative assessment of Corporate Social Responsibility practices in Prada and SHEIN
Get PDFTFG del Grau en Relacions Internacionals tutoritzat per Oscar MateosThe fast-paced nature of global consumption trends, interdependencies and interconnectedness all characterize the sudden yet rapid escalation of globalization in today’s international affairs scenery. Additionally, this has allowed the rise of the fashion industry’s influence and has opened the path to a new cultural and economic actor. Like any shift in societal coexistence, this has crafted an urgent need for professionals and academics in the governmental domain to broaden their analytical frameworks, giving a new dimension to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Amongst many other interpretations, CSR can be broadly defined as a framework established for the guidance and alignment of companies’ social and environmental commitments stressing the importance of accountability and transparency through the entirety of global value supply chains. In doing so, it becomes possible to more accurately assess new and emerging challenges to effective global governance. This imperative serves as the foundational motivation for the present assessment. Through the application of a mixed methodology of a literature review, a comparative case study of both content and empirical data from responsibility reports, and the performance of two semi-structured interviews, the research advocates for a critical statal and legal regulatory mechanism to address the corporate power dynamics that international relations fosters today
Electrostatic potential as a reactivity scoring function in computer-assisted enzyme engineering
Get PDFThe high catalytic efficiency of enzymes is attained, in part, by their capacity to stabilize electrostatically the transition state of the chemical reaction. High-throughput protocols for measuring this electrostatic contribution in computer-assisted enzyme design are limited. We present here an easy-to-compute metric that captures the electrostatic complementarity of the enzyme to the charge distribution of the substrate at the transition state. We demonstrate such a complementarity for a representative dataset of glycoside hydrolases, a large family of enzymes responsible for the hydrolytic cleavage of glycosidic bonds in oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates. We have implemented this metric in BindScan, a computer-based mutational analysis protocol to assist protein engineering. We demonstrate the predictive power of BindScan with this metric for two mechanistically distinct glycoside hydrolases: Spodoptera frugiperda β-glucosidase (Sfβgly, operates via protein nucleophile catalysis) and Bifidobacterium bifidum lacto-N-biosidase (BbLnbB, operates via substrate-assisted catalysis). The metric correctly predicts sequence positions sensible to the modulation of kcat/KM upon mutation from an experimental benchmark of 51 mutants of Sfβgly with 77% classification efficiency and identifies variants of BbLnbB with improved transglycosylation yields (up to 32%). Based on electrostatic potential and ligand affinity calculations, as implemented in BindScan, we propose a rational strategy to design glycoside hydrolase variants with improved transglycosylation efficiency for the synthesis of added-value glycoconjugates. The new reactivity metric may contribute to expanding the range of computational protocols available to assist enzyme engineering campaigns aimed at optimizing mechanistically relevant properties.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Video game structural features are related to Internet Gaming Disorder and motivations of play: Design and validation of the Video Game Structure Scale
Get PDFTFM del Màster Universitari en Psicologia General Sanitària tutoritzat per Xavier CarbonellStructural characteristics of video games influence the development of maladaptive
behavioral patterns such as Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). The aim of this study was
to develop and validate a tool to evaluate users’ perceptions of video game structural
features. The sample was comprised of 502 gamers with an average age of 23.35 years
(SD = 6.89). 67.3 % used a personal computer, 20.7 % a desktop console, 11.4 % a
mobile platform, and 0.6 % a portable console. Multiple exploratory factor analyses
were conducted to identify the optimal model. Initial evidence of reliability, construct,
and external validity was found (TLI and CFI > .90, RMSEA <.06, SRMR <.08).
Structural features were categorized into three primary factors: social, control, and
reward. After a multiple linear regression, structural features and gaming motivations
explain 19% of the variance in IGD. In conclusion, the scale demonstrates solid
psychometric properties for assessing how Spanish-speaking players perceive the
structural characteristics of video games and how these relate to the development of
IGD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Comunicação em eventos equestres: análise da publicidade pré-evento, da transmissão e da cobertura pós-evento
Get PDFLas estrategias y las herramientas de comunicación en el ámbito
deportivo tienen un gran potencial para promover los eventos y ampliar su alcance,
contribuyendo a aumentar la popularidad de cada deporte. En el caso del deporte
ecuestre en España, aun siendo minoritario, se desarrollan eventos de forma muy
frecuente. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en analizar la percepción de los grupos
de interés del sector sobre las estrategias comunicativas previas y posteriores
a la realización de los eventos hípicos. Para ello, se empleó una combinación de
metodologías de análisis: cuantitativo –a partir de los datos de una encuesta– y
cualitativo –sobre los resultados de entrevistas semiestructuradas y un focus group
con distintos profesionales de gran relevancia del sector ecuestre español–. Los
resultados muestran que, aunque las personas más jóvenes y quienes participan de
forma profesional suelen estar más satisfechos con respecto a la publicidad previa
y la cobertura posterior de los eventos hípicos, la satisfacción general es baja. Se
concluye que resulta necesario que el sector ecuestre implemente mejoras que
incrementen la eficiencia de sus campañas comunicativas.Communication strategies and techniques in the sports field have great potential
to promote events and increase their reach, helping to boost the popularity of each sport.
In the case of equestrian sport in Spain, although it is in the minority, events are held
very frequently. The main objective of this study is to analyze the perception of the sector's
stakeholders regarding communication strategies before and after equestrian events. To
do so, we combined two methodologies: quantitative analysis –based on survey data– and
qualitative analysis –based on the results of semi-structured interviews and a focus group
with different professional members of the stakeholders. The results show that although
younger people and those who attend equestrian events professionally tend to be more
satisfied with pre-event publicity and post-event coverage, overall satisfaction is low. The
conclusion is that the equestrian sector needs to make improvements to increase the efficiency
of its communication campaigns.As estratégias e ferramentas de comunicação no domínio do esporte têm
um grande potencial para promover eventos e alargar seu alcance, contribuindo
assim para aumentar a popularidade de cada esporte. No caso específico do esporte
equestre na Espanha, embora seja minoritário, os eventos são realizados com
muita frequência. O principal objetivo deste estudo é analisar a percepção dos
grupos de interesse do sector relativamente às estratégias de comunicação antes
e depois dos eventos equestres. Para atingir o objetivo acima descrito, foi utilizada
uma combinação de metodologias de análise quantitativa (com base em dados de
inquéritos) e qualitativa (com base nos resultados de entrevistas semiestruturadas
e de um grupo focal que foram realizados com diferentes profissionais do sector
equestre espanhol dos grupos de interesse ). Os resultados revelam que, embora
as pessoas mais jovens e as que participam profissionalmente tendam a estar mais
satisfeitas com a publicidade pré-evento e a cobertura pós-evento dos eventos
equestres, a satisfação geral é baixa. Conclui-se que é necessário que o sector equestre
implemente melhorias para aumentar a eficácia das suas campanhas de comunicação.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio