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Co-designing the Join4Joy approach to boost enjoyment and social inclusion for the increase of physical activity among older people in nursing homes and community settings: a qualitative study in Spain, Denmark, Germany, Italy and France
Get PDFThe global ageing population faces significant health challenges linked to insufficient physical activity (PA). Although PA offers emotional, cognitive, and physical benefits, long-term participation among older adults remains low. Enhancing enjoyment may boost their motivation and sustain engagement, while improving inclusivity is essential to reach underserved groups. This study describes the process of co-designing strategies to enhance enjoyment and social inclusion in PA interventions for community-dwellers and nursing home residents, guided by the Octalysis gamification framework. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, we conducted 13 focus groups and 3 online individual interviews, with 98 participants in total, including 51 older adults, 29 formal caregivers, 5 family members, 10 policymakers, and 3 students, from Spain, Denmark, France, Germany, and Italy. Analysis revealed barriers such as fatigue, fear of injury, and social isolation, as well as facilitators including enjoyment, adaptability, and community support. Participants emphasized tailoring interventions to individual abilities and cultural contexts, integrating social connection, and fostering supportive environments. Stakeholders proposed innovative strategies to improve accessibility and enjoyment of PA. The findings underscore the value of co-design in meeting the needs of older adults and fostering a sense of ownership and commitment to PA programmes. Group-based initiatives will be able to benefit from the Join4Joy approach, which promotes enjoyment, improves movement behaviour, and mitigates social isolation. Following the co-design process, practical strategies are presented to increase PA and reduce sedentary behaviour, offering a pathway to more impactful, inclusive, and sustainable interventions for older adults.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Rapidity and multiplicity dependence of charged-particle flow in pPb collisions at sNN=8.16 TeV
Get PDFThe elliptic and triangular flow of charged particles are measured using two-particle angular correlations in pPb collisions in the pseudorapidity range 2.0 < |η| < 4.8. The data sample was collected by the LHCb experiment in 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sNN=8.16 TeV, containing in total approximately 1.5 billion collision events. Non-flow contributions are obtained in low-multiplicity collisions and subtracted to extract the flow harmonics. The results are presented as a function of event multiplicity and hadron transverse momentum. Comparisons with a full (3+1)D dynamic model indicate that it overestimates the measured elliptic flow. A comparison between the forward and backward regions reveals no significant differences in flow parameters, suggesting that final-state effects may dominate over initial-state effects in the origin of flow in small systems.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Measurement of the branching fraction ratio RK at large dilepton invariant mass
Get PDFA test of lepton universality between muons and electrons is performed using B+ → K+ℓ+ℓ− decays (where ℓ = e, μ), in the dilepton invariant-mass-squared region above 14.3 GeV2/c4. The data used for the measurement consists of beauty meson decays produced in proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1, collected by the LHCb experiment between 2011 and 2018. The ratio of branching fractions for B+→ K+μ+μ− and B+→ K+e+e− decays is measured to be RK=1.08−0.09+0.11stat−0.04+0.04syst, which is consistent with the Standard Model prediction of unity. This constitutes the most precise test of lepton flavour universality using B+ → K+ℓ+ℓ− decays with dilepton invariant-mass-squared above the ψ(2S) mass, whilst being the first of its kind at a hadron collider.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Observation of the decay Bs0→K0pp¯ and measurement of the Bs0→K0pp¯ branching fractions
Get PDFA study of the charmless baryonic decays
is presented, where
denotes either a B0 or a
meson. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1. The decay
is observed for the first time, with a measured branching fraction of (9.14 ± 1.69 ± 0.90 ± 0.33 ± 0.20) × 10−7 and a significance of 5.6σ. The uncertainties respectively account for statistical and systematic contributions, the precision of the branching fraction of the normalisation channel B0 → K0π+π− and the fragmentation fraction ratio fs/fd. The branching fraction determined for
is (2.82 ± 0.08 ± 0.12 ± 0.10) × 10−6, which is the most precise measurement to date.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Identifying Rural Elementary Teachers’ Perception Challenges and Opportunities in Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Teaching Practices
Get PDFThis research investigates the challenges and opportunities rural elementary teachers perceive in using AI as a pedagogical tool to support student learning in rural schools. Using a convergent parallel mixed methods approach, we analyzed the responses from 45 rural teachers who participated in professional development on AI integration in rural education. Through both closed-ended and open-ended survey responses, we employed an adaptation of the TPACK framework (I-TPACK) and the AI literacy framework proposed by UNESCO to identify the primary challenges and opportunities in utilizing AI for pedagogical purposes in rural education. The results highlight resource accessibility and teacher professional development as critical challenges and opportunities to reduce the digital divide in rural communities. Teachers see the inclusion of AI as an opportunity to personalize learning, reduce workload, and facilitate teaching in multigrade classrooms without perceiving it as a job threat. At the same time, they emphasize the need for technological and didactic resources aligned with the specific characteristics of their contexts, such as offline resources and adaptable AI curricula to address the prevalent issue of limited or absent internet connectivity in many rural schools.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Dolor crónico y dolor persistente: diferencias conceptuales y clínicas en la terminología del dolor
No full textDesde el año 2009, en la literatura científica anglosajona existe una tendencia al alza para sustituir el término dolor crónico por dolor persistente. Este cambio semántico es una declaración clara de reversibilidad e indica la posibilidad de que el dolor cambie.
En el año 2022 se creó el grupo de trabajo Tradop (Grup d’Abordatge Transdisciplinar del Dolor Persistent), integrado en la Sociedad Científica CAMFIC (Societat Catalana de Medicina Familiar i Comunitària). Diversas asociaciones de pacientes y familiares afectados por dolor crónico se sintieron interpelados al conocer que nuestro grupo utilizaba dolor persistente en lugar de dolor crónico en cursos, congresos y publicaciones. Ante su malestar, iniciamos una reflexión colectiva y una búsqueda etimológica, histórica y científica de los términos crónico y persistente.
Esta búsqueda ha permitido concluir que ambos términos no son equivalentes y que la traducción de la lengua inglesa a la española tiene una contextualización y una aplicabilidad diferentes.Since 2009, there has been a growing trend in English-language scientific literature toward replacing the term chronic pain with persistent pain. This semantic shift is a clear statement of reversibility and indicates the possibility of pain change.
In 2022, the Tradop working group (Grup d’Abordatge Transdisciplinar del Dolor Persistent) was created within the CAMFIC Scientific Society (Catalan Society of Family and Community Medicine). Various associations of patients and family members affected by chronic pain felt challenged to learn that our group used persistent pain instead of chronic pain in courses, conferences, and publications. Given their discomfort, we initiated a collective reflection and an etymological, historical, and scientific investigation of the terms «chronic» and «persistent». This search led to the conclusion that the two terms are not equivalent and that the translation from English to Spanish has a different contextualization and applicability.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Multimorbidity in acute ischemic stroke and its impact on short-term mortality: A Chilean nationwide database analysis
Get PDFBackground
Multimorbidity predicts a worse prognosis for various diseases but its impact in people after an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in developing societies is not well established. We aimed to characterize the pattern of multimorbidity and determine its association with in-hospital mortality after AIS in the nationwide Chilean database.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of the Diagnosis-Related Groups database for hospitalized adult patients in Chile in 2019 was conducted. Association of multimorbidity, defined as the presence of ≥2 health conditions, in patients with AIS (ICD-10 code I63) on in-hospital mortality was determined in logistic regression models adjusted for confounding variables.
Results
Of 1,048,575 recorded ICD-10 codes, there were 10,440 AIS episodes in whom 7,696 (73.7 %) patients had multimorbidity. Age, female sex, and low socioeconomic status were associated with a higher multimorbidity, and the combination of comorbidities differed across age groups. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.39, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.16-1.66; p<0.001). Stage 5 chronic kidney disease combined with ischemic heart disease was the comorbidity with the highest risk of death (OR 4.20, 95 %CI 1.58-11.16; p = 0.004). Obesity, which exhibited a predominance in early to mid-life, had the highest association with mortality when combined with other conditions.
Conclusions
Multimorbidity is common in patients with AIS and its components vary by age and sex. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity increases the likelihood of in-hospital mortality. Adopting a multimorbidity-focused approach to stroke care could improve outcomes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
What works for whom in which circumstances in successful HRM implementation? A realist synthesis
Get PDFHigh-quality HR practices do not always yield positive outcomes due to implementation shortcomings, which has led to the shift in focus from the content of HR practices to their process of implementation. Despite this shift, there remains a lack of systematic understanding of how and why implementation of HR practices succeeds or fails. To address this gap, a comprehensive review of effective implementation mechanisms, influencing contextual factors, and resulting outcomes is needed. Consequently, this study adopts a realist synthesis approach following the RAMESES publication standards to identify and synthesise existing evidence from empirical studies of HRM implementation. Reviewing 62 articles, we extracted and proposed four realist programme theories based on the process mechanisms attributed to actors of line managers, employees, senior managers, and HR departments. These realist programme theories explain how the process mechanisms bring about different outcomes in different contexts, hence, they enhance the understanding of ‘what works for whom in which circumstances?’ regarding HRM implementation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Emotions shape taste perception in a real restaurant environment
Get PDFCan emotions make your drink taste sweeter, bitterer, or more sour? Previous laboratory studies show that incidental emotions – emotions that are unrelated to the situation at hand – can influence taste perception. For example, people who recall a happy memory before tasting food may find it sweeter than after recalling a sad memory. However, outside of the confines of the laboratory, little research has examined how integral emotions – emotions that are directly tied to the situation at hand – can be used to shape consumers' experiences. We recruited 231 participants for a drink-tasting session at Copenhagen's Alchemist restaurant, where dining is accompanied by a 360-degree immersive visual experience projected into a dome ceiling. Unbeknownst to the participants, there were only two different drinks (one kombucha and one water kefir) that participants tasted each twice, while immersive scenes designed to elicit positive or negative feelings were projected. Results showed that the same beverage tasted less sweet and more bitter and sour when accompanied by an unpleasant emotional scene. These findings demonstrate that emotions, when elicited as part of a real-world multisensory gastronomic experience, can shape our taste perceptions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Multi-Objective Optimization of a Hybrid Fossil/Renewable Carbon Methanol Cluster
Get PDFReplacing fossil carbon- with renewable carbon-based technologies is imperative for transitioning to sustainable chemical production. However, most production pathways based on renewable carbon are currently economically unappealing. Here, we show that hybrid clusters exploiting synergies between different fossil and renewable carbon-based processes in terms of heat, mass, and power integration could make defossilized chemical technologies more competitive. We consider an integrated carbon cluster based on fossil and renewable carbon feedstocks for methanol production, including a novel oxy-combustion cycle for purge gas treatment and power generation. Using multiobjective optimization considering economic and environmental criteria (i.e., unitary production cost and global warming potential (GWP) impact, respectively), we find that integrated clusters could reduce the cost of carbon-neutral methanol by up to 30%, while leading to reductions in GWP impact from 21 to 142% for a given unitary production cost target, and heating utility savings between 80 and 100%. We conclude that hybridization of fossil and renewable technologies could become instrumental in enabling a gradual shift toward sustainable chemical production pathways.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio