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The Rise of Curated Newsletters in Media: A Case Study of the New York Times
Get PDFNowadays, newsletters play a crucial role in digital media. This study aims to investigate the content curation strategies utilized in The New York Times newsletters, assessing curation techniques, sources, the temporal spans of the curated content, or the relationship between curation characteristics and newsletter models. The findings reveal a dominant utilization of summarization and commentary techniques, emphasizing informative journalistic styles. The research also contrasts the quality of newsletters from the NYT with those from other sources. In summary, this study illuminates the dynamic terrain of curated newsletters and their influence on reader engagement and retention.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Eliciting Emotions: Investigating the Use of Generative AI and Facial Muscle Activation in Children’s Emotional Recognition
Get PDFThis study explores children’s emotions through a novel approach of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and Facial Muscle Activation (FMA). It examines GenAI’s effectiveness in creating facial images that produce genuine emotional responses in children, alongside FMA’s analysis of muscular activation during these expressions. The aim is to determine if AI can realistically generate and recognize emotions similar to human experiences. The study involves generating a database of 280 images (40 per emotion) of children expressing various emotions. For real children’s faces from public databases (DEFSS and NIMH-CHEFS), five emotions were considered: happiness, angry, fear, sadness, and neutral. In contrast, for AI-generated images, seven emotions were analyzed, including the previous five plus surprise and disgust. A feature vector is extracted from these images, indicating lengths between reference points on the face that contract or expand based on the expressed emotion. This vector is then input into an artificial neural network for emotion recognition and classification, achieving accuracies of up to 99% in certain cases. This approach offers new avenues for training and validating AI algorithms, enabling models to be trained with artificial and real-world data interchangeably. The integration of both datasets during training and validation phases enhances model performance and adaptability.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Pornography Consumption Among Young People: An Assessment of Parents’ and Teachers’ Training Needs
Get PDFAquest article ha estat finançat per publicar en accés obert gràcies a l'acord entre CRUE-CSIC i Springer Nature.Introduction In Spain and Italy, it is estimated that childrens’ frst contact with pornography can occur before the age of
10 years. Minors in this position lack the emotional tools necessary to analyze pornographic content critically. However,
many adolescents do not discuss issues related to sexuality with their parents or teachers because they feel embarrassed or
perceive those fgures as insufciently knowledgeable. This study analyzed the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of parents and teachers regarding young people’s internet usage and pornography consumption and their preparedness to discuss
sexuality and pornography with their children or pupils.
Methods The participants (N=142) included 74 parents (52.1%) and 68 teachers (47.9%) who were from Spain (51.7%) or
Italy (48.3%). Two ad hoc questionnaires were used in this research.
Results Compared to parents, teachers attributed higher levels of pornography consumption to young people. Parents and
teachers expressed similar views regarding the adverse efects of pornography consumption. Discussing pornography with
children was identifed as challenging by parents (more than 1/3 of whom had never discussed this topic) and especially by
teachers (half of whom had never discussed this issue). Few parents and teachers had received training in these issues; this
lack was especially notable among Italian teachers.
Conclusions These results highlight the need to increase the training provided to parents and teachers in these areas to
improve children’s satisfaction with sexuality education programs.
Policy Implications It is necessary to develop child-focused sexuality education programs that involve parents and teachers
and range beyond an adult-centered agenda.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Evaluating the co-creation process in public health interventions: the PROSECO framework
Get PDFObjectives
To date, there is a lack of evaluation frameworks to guide the planning and conducting of the evaluation of co-creation in public health. This study aims to identify and set the components of the PROSECO framework (PROcesS Evaluation framework for CO-creation) to support the evaluation of co-creation processes in public health interventions.
Study design
A multi-step, iterative approach combining the outcomes of two scoping reviews, expert validation, and design refinement.
Methods
The PROSECO framework was developed in three steps. Firstly, collecting results from two scoping reviews on process evaluation for co-creation and evaluation of co-creation methods. The scoping review results were analysed and refined by a selected group of experts and through a three-round anonymous survey. Based on those findings, the framework visualisation was developed and designed through multiple design iterations.
Results
The PROcesS Evaluation framework for CO-creation, called the PROSECO framework, was developed to assist researchers and stakeholders in evaluating a co-creation process. The framework comprises a list of 37 components grouped under the five dimensions of Delivery, Participation, Experiential, Context, and Impact.
Conclusions
PROSECO is the first framework to offer a systematic approach to evaluating co-creation. By integrating a diverse set of evaluation components, encompassing delivery, participation, experiential, impact, and context, it offers a flexible and comprehensive approach to address the complex nature of co-creation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Figuras límite de la reducción en la escritura de Maurice Blanchot
Get PDFEl presente artículo se propone realizar un acercamiento a las evocaciones y relecturas del motivo husserliano de la reducción en la obra del escritor y crítico literario Maurice Blanchot. Con este propósito, y situándose en el camino abierto por algunos trabajos que han estudiado sus posi-bles relaciones con la fenomenología, considera los motivos blanchotianos de la angustia, la soledad esencial, lo neutro y el retorno en tanto admiten ser caracterizados como figuras límite de la reducción. La modulación de esta particular suspensión radical a estas cuatro figuras permite esbozar también la evolución de su pensamiento y de sus relaciones con las filosofías de Heidegger y Levinas. Aunque ciertamente excéntrica con respecto a la fenomenología, la obra de Blanchot no pretende ser sino un acceso fiel a las paradojas y al modo propio de manifestación de las cosas literarias mismasThis article proposes an approach to the evocations and reinterpretations of the Husserlian theme of reduction in the work of the writer and literary critic Maurice Blanchot. For this purpose, on the path opened by some works that have studied its possible relations with phenomenology, it considers the Blanchotian topics of anxiety, essential solitude, neuter and return in so far as they admit to be characterized as limit figures of the reduction. The modulation of this particular radical suspension to these four figures also allows us to sketch the evolution of his thinking and his relationships with the philosophies of Heidegger and Levinas. Although certainly eccentric with regard to phenomenology, Blanchot's work does not pretend to be but a faithful access to the paradoxes and to the own mode of manifestation of literary things themselvesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The use of prostitution: What is known about sex buyers?
Get PDFEl mercado del sexo es un producto cultural y económico creado por varones para el consumo masculino. Desde esta perspectiva resulta de gran importancia estudiar el comercio sexual situando el foco en los compradores de sexo. El presente estudio realiza una revisión de los estudios que se han publicado en los últimos 20 años sobre compradores de sexo en contextos occidentales. Los objetivos del estudio han sido explorar la prevalencia del uso de prostitución en la población masculina, la media de edad y lascaracterísticas del primer acceso; analizar el perfil de los compradores de sexo; explorar las motivaciones y actitudes para el consumo; y analizar los hábitos de compra de sexo en los hombres y el uso de la pornografía. El análisis de los estudios recopilados muestra que cerca del 25% de los hombres en los países occidentales han comprado sexo alguna vez, situándose la edad de primer acceso a la prostitución entre los 18 y los 22 años. Con frecuencia, los compradores de sexo tienen pareja y el número deparejas a lo largo de la vida aumenta en aquellos hombres que compran sexo. Los hombres con bajo nivel de estudios declaran hacer mayor uso de la prostitución. La motivación más común para ello es la posibilidad de realizar prácticas sexuales que no serían aceptadas en la pareja. En cuanto a las prácticas sexuales más solicitadas, destacan aquellas que ponen claramente en riesgo a las mujeres. El consumo de prostitución en España presenta cifras más elevadas en pisos en comparación con otros países europeos. Pornografía y prostitución son dos fenómenos íntimamente ligados.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Identifying metabolomic mediators of the physical activity and colorectal cancer relationship
Get PDFBackground:
Current evidence suggests higher physical activity (PA) levels are associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. However, the mediating role of the circulating metabolome in this relationship remains unclear.
Methods:
Targeted metabolomics data from 6,055 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort were used to identify metabolites associated with PA and derive a metabolomic signature of PA levels. PA levels were estimated using the validated Cambridge PA index based on baseline questionnaires. Mediation analyses were conducted in a nested case–control study (1,585 cases, 1,585 controls) to examine whether individual metabolites and the metabolomic signature mediated the PA–colorectal cancer association.
Results:
PA was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk (OR per category change: 0.90, 95% confidence interval, 0.83–0.97; P value = 0.009). PA levels were associated with 24 circulating metabolites after FDR correction, with the strongest associations observed for phosphatidylcholine acyl-alkyl (PC ae) C34:3 (FDR-adjusted P value = 1.18 × 10−10) and lysophosphatidylcholine acyl C18:2 (FDR-adjusted P value = 1.35 × 10−6). PC ae C34:3 partially mediated the PA–colorectal cancer association (natural indirect effect: 0.991, 95% confidence interval, 0.982–0.999; P value = 0.04), explaining 7.4% of the association. No mediation effects were observed for the remaining metabolites or the overall PA metabolite signature.
Conclusions:
PC ae C34:3 mediates part of the PA–colorectal cancer inverse association, but further studies with improved PA measures and extended metabolomic panels are needed.
Impact:
These findings provide insights into PA-related biological mechanisms influencing colorectal cancer risk and suggest potential targets for cancer prevention interventions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Morphology control of dynamic optical matter of gold nanoparticles fabricated by optical trapping in printed microchannels
Get PDFOptical trapping at interfaces has emerged as a valuable research topic in the study of colloidal particles and soft matter. Objects are drawn from the irradiated cone-like region toward the laser focus, generating flow patterns beyond the focal area. Localized heating at the focus induces coupled effects on surface tension, capillary forces, and Marangoni convection. Furthermore, optical propagation and scattering of the trapping laser beyond the focus can lead to the formation of large assemblies along the interface, extending well beyond the laser beam itself. For gold nanoparticles, a single large swarming assembly forms, with individual nanoparticles exhibiting vivid fluctuations. In this study, we investigate the swarming assembly as a non-linearly evolving optical matter using a plastic microchannel. The original structure undergoes transformations into pressed, square, unidirectional, triangular, elongated rectangular, or even twisted assemblies. In addition, the photothermal effects of the optical matter are analyzed in the context of a local anisotropic heater. This phenomenon not only suggests potential applications but also offers valuable insights for advancing new technologies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
(Un)doing gender, solving meals: an analysis of work and care among older people in Spain
Get PDFA partir de un análisis etnográfico de los itinerarios alimentarios de un grupo de personas mayores en España, este estudio examina los modos de resolver las comidas atendiendo, por un lado, a los efectos de los crecientes constreñimientos socioeconómicos y, por otro, a las posibles diferencias de género. El objetivo principal es dilucidar si ambas cuestiones están en la base de ciertas formas de inseguridad alimentaria entre los grupos con menos recursos y, en particular, entre las mujeres. Mostramos que las tareas relacionadas con el aprovisionamiento, selección, preparación, reparto y consumo de alimentos favorecen tanto interacciones como asimetrías de género y, aunque pueden variar a lo largo del tiempo en función de las circunstancias vitales, son incorporadas por las personas según los marcos normativos que en cada sociedad producen la división sexual del trabajo y las áreas de responsabilidad. Concluimos que en contextos de crisis el ser o haber sido la persona responsable de la alimentación familiar sitúa a mujeres y hombres en una posición de mayor o menor vulnerabilidad respecto al acceso y consumo de alimentos saludables, seguros y suficientes.Based on an ethnographic analysis of the food itineraries of a group of elderly people in Spain, this study examines the ways in which they manage their meals, considering, on the one hand, the effects of growing socio-economic constraints and, on the other, possible gender differences.
The main objective is to elucidate whether both issues
are at the root of certain forms of food insecurity among poorer groups and particularly among women. We show that tasks related to food provisioning, selection, preparation, distribution, and consumption favours both gender interactions and asymmetries and, although they may vary over time depending on life circumstances, they are incorporated by people according to the normative frameworks that in each society produce the sexual division of labour and areas of responsibility. We conclude that in contexts of crisis, being/having been the person responsible for family meals places women and men in a position of greater or lesser vulnerability concerning access to and consumption of healthy, safe, and sufficient food.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and leisure-time physical activity are associated with reduced initiation of antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipsychotic and antiseizure drug use in older adults: a cohort study
Get PDFBackground
We explored how adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) impact psychoactive medication use in older adults.
Methods
We assessed the cumulative MedDiet adherence and LTPA’s impact on mental health medication initiation in older individuals at high risk of chronic disease. Associations between the cumulative average of MedDiet adherence (per one-point increase in the adherence score) and LTPA (per increase in 20 metabolic equivalents of task-minute/day [METs-min/day]) with drug initiation were assessed by multivariable Cox regressions. We explored non-linear exposure-outcome associations using smoothed cubic splines and the multiplicative interaction between MedDiet and LTPA.
Results
A total of 5940–6896 participants (mean age 67, 58% women) over 4.2–4.7 years, each point increase in MedDiet adherence decreased the initiation of antidepressants by 23–28% (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.67–0.77), anxiolytics (HR 0.75, 0.70–0.81), antipsychotics (HR 0.77, 0.65–0.91), and antiseizures (HR 0.77, 0.69–0.85). Associations for anxiolytics and antiseizures were strong at low MedDiet adherence levels. Relationships between LTPA and initiation of antidepressants and anxiolytics were linear in the lowest LTPA values (0–150 METs-min/day); every 20 METs-min/day increases were associated with 20% lower risk of initiating antidepressants (HR 0.80, 0.75–0.86) and 15% less risk in anxiolytics (HR 0.85, 0.79–0.90). Association with antiseizures was linear (+20 METs-min/day: HR 0.96, 0.94–0.99), and no associations were found for antipsychotics. High MedDiet adherence (≥10) and LTPA (≥150 METs-min/day) reduced psychoactive drug initiation by 42%–59%. Combination was additive for antidepressants, antipsychotics and antiseizures and synergistic for anxiolytics.
Conclusions
MedDiet and LTPA adherence reduced psychoactive drugs initiation in older adults.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio