USN Open Archive (University of South-Eastern Norway)
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Lek og identitet på småtrinnet
No full textTemaet denne masteroppgaven har tatt for seg er småtrinnselevers identitetsutvikling gjennom lek, og er nærmere knyttet skolens danningsoppdrag enn utdanningsoppdrag. Hovedformålet har vært å finne ut mer om spørsmålet problemstillingen stiller: «Hvordan kan lek skape muligheter for identitetsutvikling hos småtrinnselever?».
Denne studien har et kvalitativt forskningsdesign, med et sosialkonstruktivistisk og fenomenologisk perspektiv. For å besvare problemstillingen valgte jeg metodetriangulering, som inkluderte observasjon og gruppeintervju. Triangulering ga mulighet til å observere og tolke leksituasjoner, og i etterkant få frem elevenes egne erfaringer og perspektiver. For å sikre leksituasjoner i observasjonsøkter var rammelek utgangspunktet for datainnsamling, der tolv elever deltok og elleve var tilgjengelig som informanter. Videre ble datamaterialet tematisk analysert, inspirert av Braun og Clarke (2006), for en oversiktlig og transparent analyseprosess. I oppgaven presenteres tidligere forskninger, teoretiske perspektiver på identitetsutvikling og lek, som sammen med funn danner utgangspunktet for drøftingen.
Studien viser gjennom mine observasjoner og informantenes egne beskrivelser, at informantene har samhandlet og hatt individuelle lekopplevelser i rammeleken. Gjennom rammelekens ulike deler, lekformer og tilnærminger fant jeg at lek skapte mulighet for at informantene kunne utforske sine holdninger og grenser, utvikle egenskaper, teste fremtidsyrker, oppdage nye sider ved seg selv og forstå seg selv bedre, og slik utvikle sin identitet. Funnene som framkom, var: Anerkjennelse, Kommunikasjon, Medvirkning, Posisjoner og maktforhold, Tabuområder, Mestring, Flyt-tilstand og Estetiske sider ved lek. Flesteparten av funnene framkom i lekens samhandling, der både positive og negative sider viste seg som mulig identitetsutviklende. Samtidig viser studien at individuell lek og opplevelser også skapte muligheter for identitetsutvikling hos noen av informantene
Når kontroll blir til avstand: Ledere i møte med hjemmekontor og tillit
No full textDenne masteroppgaven utforsker hvordan ledere i helse- og barne- og familieomsorgen opplever og håndterer fjernledelse i en arbeidshverdag som i økende grad preges av bruk av hjemmekontor. Studien er forankret i tillitsbasert ledelse og ny-institusjonell teori, og søker å forstå hvordan digitalisering og hybride arbeidsmodeller påvirker lederrollen, medarbeidernes motivasjon, lojalitet og produktivitet, samt hvordan ledere vurderer hjemmekontorpraksis fremover. Det er benyttet en kvalitativ tilnærming med dybdeintervjuer av fem ledere fra private virksomheter i sektorer hvor hjemmekontor tradisjonelt har vært lite utbredt. Analysen viser at hjemmekontor gir fleksibilitet og egner seg godt for rutinepregede oppgaver, men også skaper utfordringer knyttet til relasjonsledelse, teamdynamikk og informasjonsflyt. Lederne uttrykker generelt en positiv holdning til bruk av hjemmekontor, men understreker betydningen av struktur, kommunikasjon og fysisk tilstedeværelse for å opprettholde faglig kvalitet og organisasjonskultur. Studien konkluderer med at fjernarbeid krever en lederstil basert på høy grad av tillit, og at praksisen med hjemmekontor fortsatt er i utvikling både kulturelt og institusjonelt.This master’s thesis explores how leaders in the health and child and family welfare sectors experience and manage remote leadership in a work environment increasingly shaped by the use of home offices. The study is grounded in trust-based leadership and neo-institutional theory and seeks to understand how digitalization and hybrid work models affect leadership roles, employee motivation, loyalty, and productivity, as well as leaders' future assessments of home office practices. A qualitative approach was employed, using in-depth interviews with five leaders from private organizations within sectors where remote work has traditionally been limited. The analysis reveals that while home offices offer flexibility and are well suited for routine tasks, they also present challenges related to relational leadership, team dynamics, and information flow. The leaders express overall positive attitudes toward home office use but emphasize the importance of structure, communication, and physical presence to maintain professional quality and organizational culture. The study concludes that remote work requires a leadership style based on high trust and that home office practices are still evolving both culturally and institutionall
Impact of albergues for the pilgrims along el Camino del Norte
No full textThe increment in the recent number of pilgrims and with it the type of accommodations found along the Norther Route of the Camino de Santiago fostered an interest in exploring the role of different types of accommodations, especially albergues along the Route and their impact on the pilgrim experience. Through qualitative interviews conducted during the winter season, it examines how public albergues foster cultural exchange, authenticity, and a sense of community, contrasting them with more commercial accommodations such as hotels. The study finds key themes including the significance of social and cultural capital, the commodification of the pilgrimage, and the evolving dynamics between tradition and tourism. Participants consistently emphasized the importance of simplicity, spontaneity, and shared experiences, elements often nurtured within albergues. Findings also reveal concerns about overcrowding and commercialization, particularly in the final 100 km of the route, which challenge the Camino's original values affecting the pilgrim's experience
The Paradox of Indigenous Land Rights in Paraguay: A thematic analysis of the Yakye Axa and Sawhoyamaxa Cases before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights against the State of Paraguay
No full textThis study seeks to explore the struggles of Indigenous Peoples in Paraguay through an analysis of two cases before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR): Yakye Axa Indigenous Community v. Paraguay and Sawhoyamaxa Indigenous Community v. Paraguay. Paraguay’s economic growth, driven by agriculture and cattle farming, is deeply intertwined with a history of unequal land access and distribution. This research investigates how these dynamics affect the practice of realizing Indigenous land rights. By employing RTA (reflexive thematic analysis) (Braun and Clarke, 2021), the study critically examines the arguments presented by the Paraguayan State in the two cases in contrast with the arguments from the Court. In doing so, it explores how Indigenous rights are recognized on paper yet often remain unrealized, and how the Court holds Paraguay accountable for failing to realize the rights of its Indigenous peoples. The analysis utilizes the theoretical approaches by Quijano, Wallerstein, Marini, Cadena, and Escobar to contextualize and situate these contradictions within broader structures of coloniality, dependency, and global capitalism. The inconsistencies between Paraguay’s normative framework to protect Indigenous rights, both with its Constitution and recognition of international conventions, and the continuous effects of coloniality within the global capitalist system reveal how structural forces continue to undermine the Indigenous way of life. The gap between legal recognition and the lived reality of the Indigenous communities shows patterns of systematic marginalization, rooted in the continued prioritization of economic interests over Indigenous rights. This points to an urgent need for land justice in Paraguay, a rethinking of the larger systems that sustain Indigenous dispossession.
Keywords: Indigenous rights, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the Yakye Axa and Sawhoyamaxa Indigenous Communities, coloniality, thematic analysis
Dr. Eeek’s Laboratory and Language Learning: Interactive Horror Fiction and Motivation for Learning in EFL Classrooms
No full textThis thesis explores the pedagogical potential of interactive horror fiction, specifically focusing on the novel The Deadly Experiments of Dr. Eeek (Stine, 1996), as a valuable tool for English as a Foreign Language pupils.
The research is rooted in established theories of motivation in language learning, emphasising that learner engagement is paramount for effective acquisition. It draws on insights from narrative theory to understand how stories function and how interactive elements, such as branching narratives and reader agency, shape the reader’s experience. Key to the argument is the immersive quality of interactive fiction, particularly the Choose Your Own Adventure format, which allow readers to directly influence the narrative, fostering a unique sense of participation and empathy.
The thesis posits that the combination of the horror genre’s inherent appeal (which promotes engagement and reading enjoyment) and the interactive format’s motivational power creates a particularly compelling learning environment. By casting the reader as the protagonist through a second-person point of view, The Deadly Experiments of Dr. Eeek (Stine, 1996) blurs the lines between observer and participant, leading to heightened immersion and repeated exposure to vocabulary within meaningful, suspenseful contexts.
While acknowledging the importance of carefully bridging popular interactive narratives with more complex literary forms, this literary analysis of The Deadly Experiments of Dr. Eeek (Stine, 1996) aims to demonstrate how interactive horror fiction can align with modern language curricula (such as the current Norwegian curricula; LK20) to enhance vocabulary acquisition, reading fluency, critical thinking, and overall language proficiency for English as a Foreign Language pupils. The thesis argues that this unique blend of form and genre offers a highly motivating and effective avenue for language learning in the classroom
Investigations of Water Chemistry and Fish Status in the Northern Watershed of Lake Svanstulvatnet - 2024
No full textAnthropogenic acidification of freshwater systems due to long-range atmospheric pollution has been one of the most severe environmental problems in Norway. Brown trout (Salmo trutta), along with other fish species, disappeared from many freshwater systems due to acidification, which prompted extensive restoration efforts such as liming and fish stocking all across southern Norway. Among the species stocked was the non-native, acid-tolerant brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), introduced into many lakes and rivers in the latter half of the 20th century until stocking was discontinued in 2004. This study investigates the current chemical conditions and fish status in the northern watershed of lake Svanstulvatnet in Skrim and Sauheradfjella nature reserve, an area with naturally acidic water, low buffering capacity, and long history of fish management. Water samples were collected from 16 locations across eleven lakes and associated streams during three collection periods from June to November 2024. Water parameters such as pH, total organic carbon (TOC), traditional acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), and organic acid adjusted ANC (ANCOAA) were analysed. Fish populations were assessed based on samples collected with systematic gillnetting and electrofishing. The results indicate spatial and seasonal variations in the water chemistry. Several locations show ANCOAA values close to the critical load for fish populations, but not low enough to damage populations. The watershed is classified as humic across all locations due to high TOC concentrations. The condition of the fish populations in the watershed are generally good, with three lakes supporting self-reproducing brown trout, while others remain dependent on continued stocking. Brook trout was not recorded, but Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) were found in some areas of the watershed. The findings in this study highlight the benefit of integrating chemical indicators with biological data and management history to investigate ecosystem status. It underscores the importance of using ANCOAA to calculate critical load in humic freshwater systems, and that liming in this humic watershed may be redundant
Social Capital, Museums, Learning and Social Integration in Europe. Museums and Learning as Tools for Fostering Social Cohesion, Identity, Trust, and Social Capital
Get PDFForeigners and other community members can be seen as assets, a source of capital. Social cohesion is determinative to a society evolving into a successful union rather than a mere sum of individual interests. Developing common interests will encourage people to expand their networks and communities. Belonging, or the perception thereof, implies that members consider the benefits of other group members in their utility function. Trust is rooted in the expectation of receiving benefits from other group members or society at large. Reciprocity is closely tied to trust and serves as a potent adhesive for fostering social capital. Social capital is critical for nurturing trust, democracy, and, consequently, well-being and economic development within a society. In this chapter, we propose museums and learning as tools for fostering social cohesion, identity, trust, and social capital. We argue that museums serve as social gathering places within a new paradigm for lifelong learning, emphasising the social aspects of learning and positioning museums as learning organisations that contribute to societal development beyond their physical walls. Therefore, we contend that museums play a significant role in building social capital and promoting social integration.publishedVersio
På sidemålets side? Et kritisk blikk på Norsk 5
Get PDFDenne masteroppgaven undersøker hvordan sidemålsopplæringen forvaltes i læreverket Norsk 5 fra Cappelen Damm for 5. trinn. Problemstillingen Hvordan forvaltes sidemålsopplæringen i Cappelen Damms læreverk i norskfaget for mellomtrinnet? er besvart ved hjelp av følgende forskningsspørsmål: 1. Hvordan fremstilles de to skriftspråkene og forholdet mellom dem i læreverkene? 2. Hva slags tilgang til sidemålet tilbys elevene gjennom lærebøkene?
Med utgangspunkt i kritisk diskursanalyse og Faircloughs tredimensjonale modell, analyseres både nynorsk- og bokmålsutgaven av kapittelet «Språk og dialekter» i læreverket Norsk 5.
Studien finner at læreverket reproduserer etablerte språkideologier som posisjonerer bokmål som det naturlige og nynorsk som det spesielle. Det kommer til uttrykk gjennom tekstvalg, oppgaveformuleringer og oversettelsesretninger. Nynorsk presenteres ofte som en utfordrende eller humoristisk variant, mens bokmål har en usynlig og normativ rolle. Dette påvirker elevers møte med sidemålet og kan svekke språkidentitet og ferdigheter.
Resultatene peker på behovet for større språkbevissthet i utviklingen av læremidler. Lærebøker bør ikke bare oppfylle formelle krav om balanse, men også bidra til likeverdige læringsopplevelser og språklig dannelse. Studien anbefaler økt fokus på kritisk literacy i undervisningen og foreslår videre forskning på praksisfeltet og digitale komponenter i læreverkene
Separation of calcined meal and inert particles in hot CO2 from an electrified calciner
Get PDFThis study focuses on designing an efficient cyclone system with an acceptable pressure drop for integration into the electrified fluidized bed (FB) calciner of the ELECTRA project. After validating several efficiency and pressure drop models, the Barth model was identified as the most accurate and was therefore used for all subsequent cyclone simulations. A twin cyclone configuration with a diameter of 8.5 cm was found to achieve 90% efficiency for fine particles, with an inlet velocity of 65.94 m/s and a pressure drop of 6.55 kPa. The same cyclone dimensions were then applied to coarse particles, for which higher efficiencies were observed. A parametric study further analyzed the influence of factors such as cyclone efficiency and calcination degree on overall performance, revealing that smaller cyclones yield higher efficiencies but at the cost of increased pressure drop. The optimization analysis indicated that for the ELECTRA project, an efficiency of over 93% (point D) may be attained with a manageable pressure drop.
In addition to the cyclone design, the thesis emphasized the importance of system integration, taking into account both the upstream FB calciner and the downstream heat exchanger. Simulation results showed that to avoid blockage in the finned-tube heat exchanger, a minimum cyclone efficiency of 96% is required. However, this efficiency level leads to an unacceptably high pressure drop in the twin cyclone setup. To overcome this challenge, a four-cyclone configuration is proposed to maintain high efficiency while reducing pressure drop. Alternatively, if a twin cyclone must be retained, it is recommended to redesign the heat exchanger to handle higher dust concentrations. Future work includes exploring or developing alternative heat exchanger designs better suited to handling high dust concentrations in the ELECTRA project
Hvordan minske spenningen mellom den politiske overbygningen og veiledningsrommet? En diskursanalyse av dokumentet Helhetlig system for karriereveiledning i Agder
Get PDF6.februar vedtok Hovedutvalg for utdanning og folkehelse (HUF) fylkeskommunedirektørens innstilling om helhetlig system for karriereveiledning i Agder. Dokumentet som dette arbeidet bygger på er: Helhetlig system for karriereveiledning i Agder. Prinsipper, strukturer, kvalitet og ambisjoner. Fylkeskommunens mål og bidrag til et helhetlig system.
I denne mastergraden undersøkes det hvilke diskurser som er dominerende gjennom teksten, hvilke diskurser kommer mindre frem, og hvilke konsekvenser dette kan ha for karriereveiledningen i Agder. Gjennom Foucaults maktbegreper, Bourdieus reflektivitetstenking og Sultanas bruk av Habermas sine tre diskurser innen karriereveiledning, har jeg gjort en diskursanalyse av dokumentet gjennom et selv-komponert analyseverktøy.
Hensikten med denne oppgaven er å bevisstgjøre hvilke muligheter det finnes gjennom karriereveiledning til å fremme sosial rettferdighet, samt være en betydningsfull motvekt til de neoliberalistiske strømningene vi ser påvirker feltet vårt i dag.February 6, the Main Committee for Education and Public Health (HUF) approved the County Municipal Director's recommendation on a Comprehensive System for Career Guidance in Agder. The document on which this work is based is: Helhetlig system for karriereveiledning i Agder. Prinsipper, strukturer, kvalitet og ambisjoner. Fylkeskommunens mål og bidrag til et helhetlig system.
In this master's thesis, the dominant discourses are examined through the text, which discourses are less prominent, and what consequences this may have for career guidance in Agder. Using Foucault's theory of power, Bourdieu's theory of reflexivity, and Sultana's use of Habermas's three discourses within career guidance, a discourse analysis of the document is carried out using an independently developed analytical framework.
The aim of this thesis is to raise awareness of the opportunities that exist within career guidance to promote social justice, which may be a significant counterweight to the neoliberal currents that are influencing the field today