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Effects of 8-week strength training on basal hormone levels, sex hormone binding globulin, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, oxidative stress markers, and IL-6 levels in adolescent athletes
No full textPurpose The aim of the study was to investigate how 8-week strength training affects adolescent athletes' basal hormone concentrations, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), cytokine, and oxidative stress markers. Methods Twenty adolescent handball players participated in this study. The participants were randomly divided into the strength training group (ST, n = 10) and the control group (C, n = 10). ST participates in strength training 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks and C participates only in handball training. We quantified serum basal hormone concentration, SHBG, IGFBP3, oxidative stress markers, and IL-6 in each subject's blood samples before and after 8 weeks of strength training. Results Interestingly, while insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration declined in group C (p 0.05). Furthermore, the basal concentration of growth hormone (GH), total testosterone (T), cortisol (Cor), total antioxidant status (TAS), and serum-free androgen index (FAI) basal concentration did not change in ST and C. Basal IGFBP-3 and SHBG concentrations decreased only in ST (p 0.05). Serum-free testosterone (FT) levels increased in ST and C (p > 0.05). Total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) reduced ST and C (p < 0.05). Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels did not alter groups ST and C. Conclusion Strength training did not affect basal serum concentrations of T, GH, IGF-1, COR, IL-6, and TAS, but it caused a decrease in SHBG and IGFBP3 concentrations in ST. Increased basal FT concentration and improved serum TOS may not depend on strength training
Dürtme Teorisinin Davranışsal Kamu Politikası Aracı Olarak Kullanılması: Eskişehir Tepebaşı Belediyesi Örneği
No full textBacteriophage-based live bacteria detection for rapid infection diagnosis
No full textBacterial bloodstream infections cause high morbidity and mortality. Although bacteria can be detected by various methods, culture methods are often used for the detection of live, accurate, reproducible, and selective bacterial identification. However, the culture method is time-consuming, and clinicians often start treatment immediately due to the long determination time. This reduces the bacterial density detectable by culture, and in some cases, makes determination difficult. To overcome this challenge, we propose a method that directly combines bacteriophage-based lysis with quantitative PCR (qPCR). This method enables the simple and rapid detection of bacteria without the need for pre-concentration or DNA extraction steps. Escherichia coli K12 (E. coli K12) was used as the model bacterium, and bacteria lysed by the E. coli K12-specific bacteriophage were detected using qPCR. The total analysis time was less than 3 h, and only live bacterial cells were selectively lysed. The method was also used to detect bacteria spiked into reference plasma samples, and bacterial DNA was detected via qPCR. The results obtained from the calibration graph created with cultured bacteria and the one created by spiking bacteria into reference plasma were consistent. The similarities between the calibration graphs from both methods were found to be in the range of 92-102.7 %. The LOD and LOQ values for bacteria spiked into reference plasma were calculated as 14.80 and 3.5x103 CFU/mL, respectively
Phenotypes Linked to Duplication Upstream of SOX9: New Insights Into Presentation and Diagnosis
No full textContext Duplications occurring upstream of the SOX9 gene have been identified in a limited subset of patients with 46,XX testicular/ovotesticular differences/disorders of sex development (DSD). However, comprehensive understanding regarding their clinical presentation and diagnosis is limited. Objective To gain further insight into the diagnosis of a large cohort of 46,XX individuals with duplications upstream of SOX9. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data of 46,XX/SRY-negative individuals with SOX9 upstream duplications. Clinical data were recorded, and genetic etiologies were investigated using karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for SRY analysis, microarray analysis, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and next-generation sequencing panels including whole genome sequencing. Results We analyzed 12 individuals with 46,XX karyotype who had heterozygous duplications upstream of SOX9, ranging from 107 to 941 kb. Ages at diagnosis ranged from 0.1 to 55 years. Seven (58%) had testicular/ovotesticular DSD, while 5 (41%) were asymptomatic carriers detected through family screening. There was no significant correlation between duplication size and genital/gonadal phenotype. The duplication was inherited from the father (n = 3) or an asymptomatic mother (n = 2). In one family, a duplication missed by the 300K microarray was detected by MLPA and confirmed with 750K microarray. Conclusion 46,XX individuals with SOX9 upstream duplications may exhibit no symptoms, but thorough family screening is crucial due to the potential inheritance and testicular/ovotesticular DSD risk in subsequent generations. We emphasize the effectiveness of high-resolution microarray analysis (>500K) as the primary diagnostic tool for 46,XX/SRY-negative testicular/ovotesticular DSD individuals, enabling thorough genome-wide assessment of copy number variations and detecting small alterations
Turkish Version of the Psychological Responses to Grief Before Loss of Health Scale
No full textThis study aimed to assess the Turkish validity and reliability of the original Spanish version of the Psychological Responses to Grief before Loss of Health Scale (RPD-PDS-38). The research sample consisted of 538 women who were diagnosed with breast or gynecological cancers, volunteered, and had no communication problems. The scale was determined to consist of 30 items with 6 factors, explaining 63.9% of the total variance. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses established that the 30-item Turkish version yielded six interpretable factors (Faith and Hope, Acceptance, Anger, Negotiation, Depression, and Denial). While this is the same as the original version of the scale in the number of factors (six factors), it differs from the original version in that the original scale has 38 items and explains 46.46% of the total variance. Assessment is carried out based on the scores received from the sub-dimensions. The higher the scores received from the sub-dimensions, the more often individuals experienced a stage of grief. The scale was determined to be a reliable measuring instrument. The study suggests that the Turkish version of the RPD-PDS-30 scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing psychological responses to grief before the loss of health in patients diagnosed with breast and gynecological cancers in Turkey
Demographic history of early centralized societies: A biodistance study on prehistoric Anatolia
No full textArtificial Intelligence (ChatGPT-4o) in Adjuvant Treatment Decision-Making for Stage II Colon Cancer: A Comparative Analysis with Clinician Recommendations and NCCN/ESMO Guidelines
No full textThe role of artificial intelligence (AI) in oncology decision-making is rapidly expanding, yet its concordance with clinician recommendations and established guidelines remains unclear. This study evaluates the agreement between AI-generated adjuvant therapy recommendations for stage II colon cancer, clinician decisions, and international guidelines (NCCN, ESMO). We conducted a retrospective comparative analysis of 197 stage II colon cancer patients treated at Hacettepe University between 2014 and 2023. AI-generated recommendations (ChatGPT-4o) were compared with clinician decisions and NCCN/ESMO guidelines. Concordance rates were analyzed using Cohen's kappa and McNemar's test. Clinician adherence was highest with NCCN (89.8%) and ESMO (84.8%) guidelines. AI recommendations showed moderate agreement with clinician decisions (65.0%, kappa= 0.47). Statistically significant differences were observed between AI and clinical practice (p< 0.001), suggesting AI's more conservative approach. While AI demonstrates potential as a clinical decision-support tool, its moderate alignment with real-world decisions highlights the need for further refinement. Future improvements in AI interpretability, real-world validation, and clinician-AI collaboration are essential for its effective integration into oncology practice
Improved outcome prediction in acute pancreatitis with generated data and advanced machine learning algorithms
No full textOBJECTIVES:Traditional scoring systems have been widely used to predict acute pancreatitis (AP) severity but have limitations in predictive accuracy. This study investigates the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms to improve predictive accuracy in AP.METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted using data from 101 AP patients in a tertiary hospital in T & uuml;rkiye. Data were preprocessed, and synthetic data were generated with Gaussian noise addition and balanced with the ADASYN algorithm, resulting in 250 cases. Supervised ML models, including random forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB), were trained, tested, and validated against traditional clinical scores (Ranson's, modified Glasgow, and BISAP) using area under the curve (AUC), F1 score, and recall.RESULTS:RF outperformed XGB with an AUC of 0.89, F1 score of 0.82, and recall of 0.82. BISAP showed balanced performance (AUC = 0.70, F1 = 0.44, and recall = 0.85), whereas the Glasgow criteria had the highest recall but lower precision (AUC = 0.70, F1 = 0.38, and recall = 0.95). Ranson's admission criteria were the least effective (AUC = 0.53, F1 = 0.42, and recall = 0.39), probable because it lacked the 48th h features.CONCLUSION:ML models, especially RF, significantly outperform traditional clinical scores in predicting adverse outcomes in AP, suggesting that integrating ML into clinical practice could improve prognostic assessments
