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The impact of perioperative aspirin utilization on postoperative hemorrhagic complications in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a single-center retrospective analysis
No full textBackground and ObjectivesIdiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) primarily affects older patients. Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery is a standard treatment. Many iNPH patients have high cardiovascular risks and require aspirin (ASA) therapy to prevent thromboembolic events. Discontinuing ASA increases the risk of these events. This study evaluates the impact of perioperative ASA use on hemorrhagic complications in iNPH patients undergoing VP shunt surgery.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent VP shunt surgery for iNPH from January 2020 to September 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on perioperative ASA use: no ASA (n = 50) and ASA continued (n = 51). Data collected included demographics, surgery details, ASA dosage, and indications for ASA use. Primary outcomes were early and late postoperative hemorrhage incidences. Postoperative follow-up included MRI or CT scans at regular intervals (mean approximate to one year). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 23.0, with Chi-square tests and independent samples t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests used to analyze differences between groups.ResultsThe study cohort had 101 patients with a mean age of 69.5 +/- 7.6 years, 41.6% female and 58.4% male. Early postoperative hemorrhage occurred in 5% of patients, including epidural (1), intraparenchymal(3), and intraventricular hematoma(1). Late postoperative hemorrhages occurred in 4% of patients ( 4 patients in the no-ASA group), with two cases each of unilateral and bilateral subdural hematoma. No significant differences in hemorrhagic outcomes were observed between the ASA continuation and non-use groups (p = 0.092). The mean follow-up period was 300 days. One patient died in non-ASA group due to neurodegenerative disease.ConclusionPerioperative ASA use does not significantly impact the incidence of postoperative hemorrhages in iNPH patients undergoing VP shunt surgery. These findings suggest that ASA can be safely continued without increasing hemorrhagic risks. This is a particularly significant issue for patients with high cardiovascular risk
Overlooked Greens: A Recall Task on Plant and Animal Images for Student Biology Teachers
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Exploration of the Intersection of Corpus Linguistics and Language Science
No full textTime is understood through multiple metaphorical domains. However, languages are not uniform intheir metaphorical conventions, making data-driven studies of understudied languages such as Turkishcrucial. To this end, the present corpus-based study examines time metaphors in colloquial and poeticTurkish, extracted from a general-purpose corpus and a poetry corpus, developed as a part of the presentstudy. I systematically classified the time metaphors into eight metaphorical domains and mapped theirrelationships to each other, and statistically analyzed their dominance based on frequencies along withqualitative interpretations. The results showed that “time is an object” is the most dominant metaphor incolloquial Turkish, while “time is a living organism” is the most dominant metaphor in poetic Turkish.The “organism” domain accounted for the largest difference between the corpora and the metaphoricityof time was stronger in the poetry corpus.</p
The impact of obesity on the outcomes of complex decongestive therapy among patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema
No full textObjectives: This study aims to evaluate the influence of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) on patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) in terms of reducing volume, improving functional capabilities, and enhancing the quality of life and analyze the effect of obesity on their recovery process. Patients and methods: This retrospective study was conducted between January 2018 and March 2020. The investigation comprised individuals with unilateral BCRL who received CDT during the previous year. The participants were split into two classifications: those with a normal or overweight status (Group 1) and those classified as obese or morbidly obese (Group 2). Each participant engaged in CDT sessions five times weekly for three weeks. The groups were compared regarding their functional status and quality of life scores as measured by the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand and Lymphedema Quality of Life (LYMQOL)-Arm questionnaires. Results: This study included 81 female patients (mean age: 53.6 +/- 10.4 years; range, 28 to 87 years) with BCRL. Half of the participants were identified as obese and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 30.32 +/- 4.63 kg/m2. The median lymphedema duration was 12 months. After treatment, there was a notable reduction in both the mean initial limb volume and excess volumes (3183 +/- 681 cm3 vs. 2912 +/- 599 cm3 and 30.1% vs. 19.3%, respectively; p<0.001). Both groups showed substantial and similar enhancements in volumes, functional scores, and all subscores of the LYMQOL-Arm questionnaire following CDT. When the patients with a BMI below and above 30 were compared, the improvement in function and appearance scores of LYMQOL-Arm was substantially distinct between the two categories. We also indicated a substantial negative relationship between the enhancement of LYMQOL-Arm function and appearance subscores and BMI (p=0.005, r=-0.486 and p=0.042, r=-0.361). Conclusion: The influence of CDT on decreasing volume and improving functionality was comparable between obese and nonobese patients with BCRL; however, obesity may negatively impact CDT outcomes concerning quality of life issues
Learned societies in the academic landscape: challenges in identifying and categorizing organizations
No full textThis study explores ways of identifying learned societies within the Research Organization Registry (ROR), a type of organization that so far lacks its own category within the registry. Despite their significant role in the academic landscape, learned societies lack distinct recognition in global databases, which lowers their visibility and perceived impact. Using enhanced ISSN data and the existing ROR database, we present a methodology to identify learned societies based on their publishing activities and organizational names. Our approach is validated against national lists of societies from Austria, Finland, and the UK, demonstrating the feasibility and reliability of our method which, however, has several limitations discussed in the paper. Our findings show that 92% of 1471 societies identified in ROR are currently assigned to 'Other' and 'Nonprofit' categories. We also highlight the geographical distribution and field-specific categorization of learned societies, emphasizing the diversity and scope of their influence. This paper contributes to the science of science field by proposing a framework that enhances the visibility and recognition of learned societies globally. Our research argues that ROR should consider enhancing their data schema to accommodate for learned societies, or a separate directory should be established to identify learned societies with ROR identifiers. This way ROR can provide an open research information resource for identifying learned societies both for research and practical purposes
Newly graduated nurses' experiences of moral distress during transition process: a convergent mixed methods study
No full textBackgroundNewly graduated nurses are particularly vulnerable to moral distress due to limited experience, low self-confidence, and inadequate ethical knowledge, which impact their ability to make and act on ethical decisions. This study aims to describe their moral distress experiences during the transition to professional practice and identify predictive factors affecting moral distress levels.MethodsA convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used. The quantitative and qualitative data were collected in parallel using the Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Professionals and a semi-structured questionnaire. The analysis was conducted separately and then integrated. In the quantitative part of the study, 205 new nurses with 1-18 months of working experience were recruited, and 25 new nurses were recruited in the qualitative part.ResultsGender, type of hospital, experience time, caregiver and manager role level, and subjective perception of levels were significant predictors of moral distress. Qualitative data revealed four main themes: (1) causes of moral distress, (2) effect of moral distress, (3) coping with moral distress, and (4) suggestions for reducing moral distress.DiscussionThe moral distress experienced by newly graduated nurses may become more pronounced during the transition to professional life. During this period, lack of experience, low self-confidence, and insufficient ethical knowledge can increase moral distress and affect future experiences by making it difficult to make and implement ethical decisions.ConclusionsThis study showed that individual, organizational, and systemic factors influence moral distress in new graduate nurses. It highlights that ethical challenges in developing professional identity are closely tied to organizational structure and systemic regulations, emphasizing the need for individual support and improvements in education and organizational systems to reduce moral distress.Clinical trial numberNot applicable
Effects of 10 weeks of walking-based exercise training on resting substrate oxidation in postmenopausal women with obesity
No full textBackground and aims: Accumulating evidence supports the effectiveness of moderate-intensity aerobic training on metabolic health, with limited studies investigating change in resting substrate oxidation. The aim of this study was to explore whether 10 weeks of walking-based aerobic training would alter substrate oxidation in postmenopausal women with obesity. Methods and results: Twenty-four postmenopausal women with obesity who were assigned into the control (n = 12) or exercise groups (n = 12) undertook a 10-week aerobic training program (3 dweek-1) that involved walking exercises at 50-70% of heart rate reserve on a treadmill, with exercise volume increased from 25 to 40 minday-1. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition were measured pre- and post-training. Whole-body substrate oxidation was calculated using respiratory data collected during RMR measurement via indirect calorimetry. No significant change was noted (p > 0.05) in resting fat oxidation and carbohydrate oxidation in the exercise group. Resting respiratory exchange ratio and RMR did not alter in response to the training program (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our results show that a 10-week of moderate-intensity aerobic training does not modify substrate oxidation in postmenopausal women with obesity
The impact of the COVID-19 on the antifungal consumption and antifungal resistance in Candida species isolated from the blood cultures of critically ill patients in intensive care units
No full textIncidence of Candida species increased in critically ill COVID-19 patients in intensive care units. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antifungal consumption and Candida species distribution in bloodstream infections. We observed that a significant increase in non-albicansCandida species cases (P = .005) in 2021 coincided with higher rates of fluconazole resistance (P = .002) and increased minimum inhibitory concentrations for echinocandins (P = .012). Notably, voriconazole consumption and increased MIC levels positively correlated with both Candida albicans and non-albicansCandida species. This study underscores the importance of judicious antifungal use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Incidence of Candida infections increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on antifungal consumption. An increase in non-albicansCandida species and fluconazole resistance was observed. This study underscores the importance of judicious antifungal use in COVID-19
TGFβ links EBV to multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
No full textIn a subset of children and adolescents, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a severe acute hyperinflammatory shock1 termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) at four to eight weeks after infection. MIS-C is characterized by a specific T cell expansion2 and systemic hyperinflammation3. The pathogenesis of MIS-C remains largely unknown. Here we show that acute MIS-C is characterized by impaired reactivation of virus-reactive memory T cells, which depends on increased serum levels of the cytokine TGF beta resembling those that occur during severe COVID-19 (refs. 4,5). This functional impairment in T cell reactivity is accompanied by the presence of TGF beta-response signatures in T cells, B cells and monocytes along with reduced antigen-presentation capabilities of monocytes, and can be reversed by blocking TGF beta. Furthermore, T cell receptor repertoires of patients with MIS-C exhibit expansion of T cells expressing TCRV beta 21.3, resembling Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-reactive T cell clones capable of eliminating EBV-infected B cells. Additionally, serum TGF beta in patients with MIS-C can trigger EBV reactivation, which is reversible with TGF beta blockade. Clinically, the TGF beta-induced defect in T cell reactivity correlates with a higher EBV seroprevalence in patients with MIS-C compared with age-matched controls, along with the occurrence of EBV reactivation. Our findings establish a connection between SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 sequelae in children, in which impaired T cell cytotoxicity triggered by TGF beta overproduction leads to EBV reactivation and subsequent hyperinflammation