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Resolution on complaint of jurisdiction for contractual arbitration in judicial practice
Get PDFKada stranka pokrene postupak pred sudom, a tuženi podnese prigovor nenadležnosti zbog ugovorene arbitraže, sud dolazi u poziciju rešavanja o svojoj (ne)nadležnosti. Uloga suda u tom postupku je ograničena, te ukoliko je podnesen arbitražni sporazum, postoji pretpostavka da je arbitraža nadležna, osim ako se ne utvrdi da sporazum očigledno nije valjan. Naši sudovi su se dosta puta, po prirodi stvari, nalazili u situaciji da o prigovoru apsolutne nenadležnosti odlučuju, a ovaj rad je posvećen analizi načina na koji su to sudovi činili. Prepoznato je nekoliko problematičnih pratećih pitanja o kojima su privredni sudovi i Vrhovni kasacioni sud morali da rešavaju kako bi odlučili o valjanosti arbitražnog sporazuma, te su u radu učinjene određene smernice i zaključci kako bi srpski sudovi mogli da sa više samopouzdanja i uravnoteženosti u budućnosti odgovaraju na ove izazove.It is important to be considered in which way is allocated the jurisdiction between a domestic court and an arbitral tribunal and how to resolve the conflict of competence. Arbitral proceeding will only be allowed in case it is based on a valid and effective arbitration agreement. Nevertheless, judicial power to review arbitral jurisdiction has to be restricted. Excessive court's intervention in arbitration undermines both party autonomy and the efficiency of arbitration and can cause relinquishment of the right to arbitrate. Indeed, it is not uncommon that a court's jurisdiction is invoked by a claimant as a dilatory tactic, however, a party can be noncommittal about arbitration, simply observing an arbitration agreement as null and void, inoperative or incapable of being performed. If a party commences a court proceeding, the party insisting on the enforcement of the arbitration agreement can invoke the parties' agreement to arbitrate as a defense before the national court. If the respondent fails to file a plea before making submissions on the merits the domestic court's lack of jurisdiction is healed. In case that defendant provides arbitration agreement, there is a presumption that the arbitration is competent, unless it is evident that agreement is null and void, inoperative or incapable of being performed. The role of the domestic court in this proceeding has to be limited and restricted. In Serbia, the protective barriers between arbitration and national court systems are the New York Convention and Serbian Law on Arbitration. Domestic courts have frequently been in a position to rule on the objection of lack of jurisdiction, and this paper analyzes how the courts dealt with conflict of competence. Several following issues have been identified, issues that the commercial courts and the Serbian Supreme Court of Cassation had to address in order to decide on the validity of the arbitration agreement. Furthermore, due to the fact that one of the main goal in the arbitration field is the harmonization of the laws as well as the case law, the author provides some guidelines and conclusions so that the Serbian courts can more confidently respond to these challenges
On initiative of Supreme Court of Cassation for amendments to the Civil Procedure Code
Get PDFPravo na izjavljivanje revizije u važećem Zakonu o parničnom postupku uređeno je na način koji omogućava široku dostupnost ovog vanrednog pravnog leka strankama u postupku. Takvo rešenje predstavlja rezultat izmena koje je ovaj zakon pretrpeo 2014. godine. Osnovni tekst zakona iz 2011. godine propisivao je da je revizija dozvoljena u imovinskopravnim sporovima ako vrednost predmeta spora pobijanog dela drugostepene presude prelazi 100.000 evra prema srednjem kursu Narodne banke Srbije na dan podnošenja tužbe, dok je u privrednim sporovima revizijski cenzus iznosio 300.000 evra. Revizija je bila dozvoljena i po odredbama nekih posebnih zakona. Pored opšte revizije, postojala je i posebna revizija koja se mogla izjaviti protiv drugostepene presude koja se nije mogla pobijati opštom revizijom ako je po oceni apelacionog, odnosno Vrhovnog kasacionog suda bilo potrebno da se razmotre pravna pitanja od opšteg interesa ili pravna pitanja u interesu ravnopravnosti građana, radi ujednačavanja sudske prakse i ako je potrebno novo tumačenje prava. Izmenama Zakona o parničnom postupku iz 2014. godine spušteni su revizijski cenzusi na 40.000 evra u opštem parničnom postupku i na 100.000 evra u postupku o privrednim sporovima, a dozvoljeno je izjavljivanje revizije i protiv svake preinačujuće presude drugostepenog suda, kao i protiv svake presude drugostepenog suda kojom je usvojena žalba, ukinuta prvostepena presuda i odlučeno o zahtevima stranaka. Revizija je mogla biti dozvoljena i po posebnom zakonu, a pored opšte revizije zakon je zadržao i posebnu reviziju, o čijoj dozvoljenosti i osnovanosti sada odlučuje veće pet sudija Vrhovnog kasacionog suda. Pet godina nakon stupanja na snagu ovih zakonskih izmena, opšta sednica Vrhovnog kasacionog suda uputila je inicijativu za izmenu Zakona o parničnom postupku, koja bi, ako bude usvojena, dovela do znatno restriktivnijeg regulisanja prava na izjavljivanje revizije u odnosu na sadašnja zakonska rešenja. Ovaj rad predstavlja kritičku analizu predloga koji su izneti u pomenutoj inicijativi.The current Civil Procedure Code has been in force since February 1, 2012. Its provisions dealing with a special procedure for the protection of collective interests, provisions regulating legal counsel, and provisions related to deadline for requesting reopening of proceedings have been quashed by the Constitutional Court. Signifi cant changes to the Civil Procedure Code have been passed by the Serbian Parliament in 2014. According to these changes, appeal on points of law has become widely accessible for parties to the proceedings. The threshold for lodging this extraordinary legal remedy has been reduced from 100.000 to 40.000 euros in the general procedure, and from 300.000 euros to 100.000 euros in commercial disputes. Regardless of that threshold, appeal on the points of law has become admissible if the second instance court has reversed the judgment of the first instance court and if the second instance court has adopted appeal, quashed the judgement of the first instance court and decided on the claims of the parties. If these conditions for lodging appeal on the points of law have not been met, a party may lodge an appeal on the points of law if the Supreme Court of Cassation declares this legal remedy admissible in order to unify jurisprudence, or to provide new interpretation of the law, or to consider some other issues of general importance. These legislative changes have turned appeal on the points of law into ordinary legal remedy and prevented the Supreme Court of Cassation to perform its main role in our judicial system. Therefore, the Supreme Court of Cassation has proposed necessary changes to the Civil Procedure Code. In this paper, we have analysed these proposals and their impact on the protection of rights of the parties
COVID-19 and Taxation in Southeastern Europe
No full textThe COVID-19 epidemic in Southeastern Europe brought into foals issues which have been plaguing the countries of the region for same years. Although their responses, as well as results in terms of curbing the spread of the epidemic were among the most successful in the world, their taxation responses were more modest. For the time being tax obligations are being deferred in order to allow businesses to use the available funds for day to day operations instead of meeting their tax obligations. However, the gravity of the pending economic crisis will fore the governments of Southeastern European countries to considerably revisit their lax policies in particular in respect to their relations with the more developed nations with whom they share the same continent
Who was the first dean of the Faculty of Law in Belgrade after the Second World War
Get PDFIstorija Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu u burnom periodu neposredno nakon završetka Drugog svetskog rata nije do sada detaljnije proučavana. Autor je u radu delimično osvetlio taj period pokušavajući da razreši dilemu ko je bio prvi dekan Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu nakon oslobođenja. Prema podacima iz fakultetskih hronika, to je bio prof. dr Jovan Đorđević. Međutim, u relevantnoj arhivskoj građi nalazimo drugačije podatke, prema kojima je prvi izabrani dekan Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu nakon završetka Drugog svetskog rata bio prof. dr Milan Bartoš.In this work, the author has tried to determine who the first dean of the University of Belgrade Faculty of Law was, after the Second World War. According to official sources, the first dean was Prof. Jovan Djordjević. Studying the archival material we came to a different conclusion-that the first dean of the Faculty of Law in Belgrade after the Second World War was Prof. Milan Bartoš
Mauritian tort law
Get PDFAccording to the general tort law of Mauritius (articles 1382 through 1384 of the Mauritian Civil Code), three conditions must be met before tort liability may be implemented, namely the existence of harm, the existence of a causal link, and the existence of a harmful event. This paper contains an analysis of the fundamentals of the tort law of Mauritius, which is based on Mauritian case law and French case law and French doctrine, which are considered a persuasive authority in Mauritian Civil Law
Academic law studies between theory and practice: Legal education from students' point of view
Get PDFTema rada je zastupljenost, način organizovanja i izvođenja stručne prakse na osnovnim akademskim studijama Pravnog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu. Programom Pravnog fakulteta predviđena je obavezna stručna praksa u poslednjem - osmom semestru studija, koja može da se obavi u državnim institucijama i advokatskim kancelarijama. Kvantitativnom metodom utvrđeno je da je manje od polovine studenata četvrte godine studija pohađalo praksu, kao i da studenti smatraju da na fakultetu nisu stekli dovoljno praktičnih znanja za obavljanje budućeg zanimanja. U radu je utvrđeno da studenti najviše praksu obavljaju u advokatskoj kancelariji i u sudu, a da se svakodnevica i poslovi koje studenti na ovim praksama obavljaju međusobno razlikuju. U radu su analizirani i nedostaci ovakvog načina organizovanja i izvođenja stručne prakse i dati su predlozi za njeno unapređenje.The topic of this paper is the volume and the way of organizing professional practice on the udergraduated studies at the Faculty of Law of University of Belgrade. The program of Faculty of Law prescribes compulsory internships only in the last - eighth semester, and the internship can be realized both in the state institutions and in the law offices. By using the survey method, it is found that less than half of the total number of fourth year students has attended the internship and that most of the students felt that they had not acquired enough knowledge at the Faculty which they will need for their future profession. The paper shows that students' practice is mostly efected in the law offices and in the courts, and that day-to-day work in these practices differs. The last part of the paper analyzes the shortcomings of this feature of basic law studies and provides suggestions for its improvement
Biblioteke i identitet 2 - Zbornik radova sa naučnog skupa održanog 24. i 25. maja 2019. godine u Pančevu. Glavni urednik Gordana Stokić Simončić, odgovorni urednik Goran Trailović. Pančevo: Gradska biblioteka, 2019.
No full textCommon law and civil law today: Convergence and divergence - Marko Novaković (Ed.): Common Law and Civil Law Today - Convergence and Divergence, Vernon Press, Wilmington - Malaga, 2019
Get PDFCollision of duties as a defence of justification in the circumstances of pandemic
Get PDFGlobalna kriza povodom pandemije virusa Covid-19 pokrenula je izvesna pitanja od značaja i za krivično pravo. Iz više zemalja stižu uznemirujuće vesti o smrti velikog broja ljudi usled nemogućnosti zdravstvenih radnika da im zbog nedostatka uređaja za mehaničku ventilaciju pluća pruže adekvatnu medicinsku pomoć. U tom smislu, postavlja se pitanje koji su uopšte kriterijumi prema kojima bi se odlučivalo o tome ko će biti priključen na ventilator i kako se može olakšati odlučivanje lekara u ovim tragičnim pitanjima života i smrti. U radu se razmatra institut tzv. kolizije dužnosti, koja u nekim pravnim sistemima predstavlja samostalan osnov isključenja protivpravnosti, a negde podvrstu krajnje nužde. U uporednom pravu se sreće više različitih kriterijuma prema kojima bi trebalo vršiti trijažu pacijenata u situacijama katastrofe. Autor zaključuje da donošenje odgovarajućih smernica može uspostaviti standard dužnog postupanja u katastrofama, koji bi sa lekara donekle skinuo teret odlučivanja.The global crisis over the Covid-19 virus pandemic has raised some questions that are relevant to criminal law as well. Disturbing news are coming from several countries about the deaths of many people because of the inability of healthcare professionals to provide them with adequate medical care due to a lack of mechanical ventilation devices. In this regard, the question arises as to what are the criteria by which to decide who will be connected to the ventilator and how the decision-making of doctors in these tragic life and death issues can be facilitated. The paper deals with the institute of the so-called collision of duties, which in some legal systems constitutes an independent cause for the exclusion of unlawfulness and, in some cases, a type of necessity. In comparative law, a number of different criteria are met by which patients should be triaged in disaster situations. The author concludes that the adoption of appropriate guidelines can establish a standard of due diligence that would to some extent remove the burden of decision making from physicians
Liability of company management for preventing unlawful business operations of insurance company
Get PDFAutori otvaraju pitanje odgovornosti članova uprave akcionarskog društva za osiguranje za sprečavanje nezakonitog poslovanja, kao i neprimerenih radnji i uticaja koji mogu ugroziti najbolji interes društva ili naneti štetu društvu. Ovaj modalitet odgovornosti predstavlja odstupanje od opšteg statusnog režima, koji doprinosi povećanju stepena lične odgovornosti članova uprave u sektoru osiguranja. Pošavši od toga da kandidati za članove uprave u oblasti osi - guranja treba da ispune uslove vezane za poznavanje struke osiguranja, profesionalno iskustvo i profesionalni i moralni integritet, autori smatraju da se od njih osnovano očekuje da identifikuju, prate i spreče rizike koji ugrožavaju najbolji interes društva. Oni u svom poslovanju treba da se pridržavaju pravila struke osiguranja, da implementiraju odgovarajuću strategiju upravljanja rizicima i da pravovremeno spreče transakcije kojima se povređuje klauzula zabrane sukoba interesa u pravu osiguranja. Autori zaključuju da je sektorski zakonodavac obezbedio bolju zaštitu društvima u oblasti osiguranja od nezakonitih i neprimerenih uplitanja prvenstveno kontrolnih akcionara.Authors open the issue of liability of the insurance company management (the supervisory and the executive board) for the prevention of unlawful and inappropriate actions and influences which are harmful for or are not in the best interest of the company and its shareholders, and which are performed by persons who are closely related to the company - in order to protect consumers of insurance services. In this context, the authors point out the main issues addressed in this work: the Insurance Law has introduced a special regime for transactions with related persons, which deviates from the general company regime stipulated by the Company Law and has contributed to an excessive level of personal liability of the board members in the sector of insurance. However, laws cannot regulate all the different situations that might be encountered in the course of business, and they do not need to. For that purpose, certain "core" principles to be followed in all management situations have been established for board members. These are related to the fact that reliability of candidates for board directors in the sector of insurance shall be verified when deciding about the license to work as a director. For that reason, a management board member can be expected to be aware of all risks that could affect the best interest of the company, to identify it rightly and to prevent unlawful business operations. What they need to do is to comply with the insurance rules of profession, to implement an appropriate risk management strategy and to prevent all transactions contrary to the conflict of interest clause. Authors conclude that companies in the insurance sector are better protected against conflict of interest of the controlling shareholder with the company interest than companies in general company law regime