2273 research outputs found

    Legal philosophy and the study of legal reasoning

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    In this paper, I argue that legal philosophers ought to focus more on problems of legal reasoning. This is a field with many philosophically interesting questions to consider, but also, a field in which legal philosophers can contribute the most to the study and the practice of law. Neither legal practitioners nor legal scholars reason with the same care and precision as philosophers do. Against this background, I suggest that the following three types of questions regarding legal reasoning are especially worthy of serious consideration. The first is that of the relevance of the theory of reasons holism to legal reasoning. The second is the question of how to analyze (first-order) legal statements in a way that does not undermine the rationality of legal reasoning. And the third is the question of whether legal arguments are to be understood as deductive arguments, inductive arguments, or both, and if so how

    Inconsistent adjudication: A violation of the right to fair trial under the European Convention on human rights

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    The ECtHR does not review decisions of national courts of the States Parties to the European Convention. However, it has developed a pattern in its case law to find a violation of the Convention on the grounds that the fair hearing lacked if there was a case law inconsistency at the level of national jurisdiction. The ECtHR case law was settled in a Grand Chamber case against Turkey in 2011. To find a violation under Article 6 of the Convention the ECtHR requires two tests. Firstly, it must establish the existence of a profound and long-standing inconsistency in the domestic case law, and secondly, the ECtHR raises the issue of a mechanism aimed at removing the inconsistency. If the mechanism does not exist, or if it applied ineffectively, the ECtHR finds a violation of human rights. The author suggests the ECtHR should revisit its jurisprudence

    Economic outcomes of the Spanish flu (1918-1920): A sketch of the economic historiography of a pandemic

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    Cilj rada je da istraži ekonomske posledice pandemije španske groznice i da dobijene nalaze sistematizuje tako da oni mogu da se iskoriste za spoznaju ekonomskih posledica pandemije COVID-19. Na kratak rok posmatrano, pokazalo se da je španska groznica jednokratno snažno oborila nivo privredne aktivnosti značajnim umanjenjem ponude radne snage, uz dodatno dejstvo umanjenja agregatne tražnje. Oporavak od tog pada bio je brz, zasnovan na tranzitornom privrednom rastu. Na dugi rok posmatrano, španska groznica je oborila nivo raspoloživog ljudskog kapitala, i to i direktno, prekomernim mortalitetom onih koji poseduju ljudski kapital a čine radno sposobno stanovništvo, i indirektno, uticajem na intergeneracijsko prenošenje nižeg nivoa ljudskog kapitala, kao i pogoršanjem zdravlja majki tokom graviditeta - potvrdila se hipoteza o fetusnom poreklu pada nivoa ljudskog kapitala. Obaranje nivoa raspoloživog ljudskog kapitala ima nepovoljne posledice po privredni rast, koje postaju sve izraženije sa tehnološkim napretkom koji zahteva sve viši nivo tog kapitala.The aim of the paper is to explore the economic outcomes of the Spanish flu pandemic and to systemise the insights in such a way that they can be used for shedding light on the economic outcomes of COVID-19 pandemic. It was demonstrated that in the short run the impact of the Spanish flu was a significant one-off drop of the output due to the significant decrease in labour supply augmented by the decrease in aggregate demand. In the long run the Spanish flu decreased the level of available human capital in two ways: directly due to the excess mortality, and indirectly due to the intergenerational transfer of lower human capital and the health of mothers during pregnancy. The decrease in human capital generated adverse consequences on economic growth and these consequences increase with technological progress, which demands a higher level of human capital

    Retrakcija: Judiciary in the Serbian Constitution of 2006 and a critical review of draft amendments (2018, vol. 66, br. 4, str. 114-126)

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    U skladu s članom 3.3. Etičkog kodeksa Anala Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu (Politika povlačenja) povlači se članak Marka Stankovića Judiciary in the Serbian Constitution of 2006 and a Critical Review of Draft Amendments (Annals FLB - Belgrade Law Review, Year LXVI, 2018, No. 4, str. 114-126) zbog toga što je prethodno objavljen pod naslovom Slabosti položaja sudske vlasti u Ustavu Republike Srbije od 2006. i u radnom tekstu amandmana od 2018. u zborniku Društva sudija Srbije, Svedočanstvo pripreme za promenu Ustava od 2006. godine i struka, septembar 2018, Beograd (str. 342-356, ISBN 978-86-904417-4-7)

    Content of the full jurisdiction: Serbian law 'de lege lata' and 'de lege ferenda'

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    U radu su potanko razmotreni pojam i vrste punog upravnog spora, tj. spora pune jurisdikcije, najpre u francuskom, a zatim i u srpskom zakonodavstvu i sudskoj praksi. Pisac predlaže da u ovdašnjem pravu, de lege ferenda, bude priznata znatno šira sadržina dotične grane upravnog suđenja. A za tako nešto su nužni, kao konstitutivne pretpostavke, kako izgrađen sistem upravnog sudstva - bar njegova dvostepenost - tako i mnogo rigidnije pravilo o sprovođenju sudske usmene javne rasprave u skladu sa međunarodnim i nacionalnim načelom o pravu na pravično suđenje. Tekst nudi definiciju punog upravnog spora u značenju da upravni sud pred njega izneto pravno pitanje definitivno i punovažno pravno zatvara bez obzira na to da li je tome prethodilo upravno bavljenje istom stvari ili ne, i bez obzira na to da li se jedan pravni odnos tom prilikom sudski meritorno uređuje ili samo procesno završava.The paper is dealing with the notion and types of full jurisdiction - in French and then in Serbian legislation as well as in judicial practice. The author advocates for the extension of mentioned kind of administrative jurisdiction de lege ferenda. To be able to make proposed changes, it is necessary to meet the following conditions, as constitutive assumptions, establishment of the funded system of administrative courts, i.e., a two-tier system of administrative justice, and the rule of public hearing before the administrative court in accordance with international and domestic principle of the right to fair trial. The paper starts with the definition of full jurisdiction meaning that administrative court has the power to resolve validly the controversial legal issue, regardless of whether it was preceded by a legal procedure or not as well as regardless of whether the legal relationship is resolved by merits or only ends for procedural reasons

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    How firm are the bonds that tie the EU together? Eu rule of law conditionality mechanism and the next generation EU recovery fund

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    The Covid-19 pandemic has generated a one-in-a-generation challenge upon the EU, consisting of immediate danger for life and health, savings and jobs of its citizens, as well as for the stability and proper functioning of political and legal systems of its Member States. The manner in which the EU as a whole reacted to such sudden and grave challenge is by no means indicative of its political and legal-constitutional substance, and, consequently, of its capacity to subsist in its present form or to develop further. The centrepiece of the Next Generation EU (NGEU) is the Recovery and Resilience Facility, which should help Member States address the economic and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The establishment of the pandemic recovery fund may be regarded not only as an ad hoc measure, but also as a crucial milestone in the path to overcoming the disbalance between Union solidarity and national interests. However, the whole EU budget deal depended on the acceptance of the Rule of Law Mechanism by all Member States. In the first part, this paper will analyse the COVID-19 recovery fund compromise solution as it has been finally agreed. Firstly, we will try to determine the effectiveness of the conditionality mechanism, in the light of European Council Conclusions on the "interpretative declaration on the new Rule of Law Mechanism" and its legal effects. Secondly, we will tackle the issue of the enforcement of the Rule of Law protection mechanism, having in mind the causal link that should be detected, between the protection of the financial interests of the EU, with the non-respect of the EU values enshrined in the Article 2 TEU, by particular Member State(s). Consequently, we will try to envisage the impact of the implementation of this conditionality mechanism, taking into consideration which Member States, and EU citizens, would be "hit" hardest by it. In the second part of the paper an attempt shall be made to perceive the conditionality mechanism, tied to the recovery fund, from the perspective of the principle of solidarity. Ultimately, this paper will try to answer the following question: in view of the necessary shift of priorities and the need for urgent reaction to the COVID-19 crisis, is the common European answer, in view of the core values of the EU and the principle of solidarity, optimal, and above all, will it be effective

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