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Vuković Igor: Krivično pravo - opšti deo, Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, 2021
Get PDFEkdikos (defensor civitatis) in Roman empire and Byzantium
Get PDFTokom V i VI veka menjaju se nadležnosti defensora civitatisa (grč. sin dik, ekdik), shodno društveno-političkom kontekstu. Nakon vladavine cara Justinijana I uloga defensora se smanjuje, a uticaj episkopa u pravnim pitanjima jača. Verovatna posledica tog procesa je nestanak ekdika - defensora sa područja uprave i sudstva, koji se dogodio, kako se tradicionalno smatra, tokom VI i VII veka. Zaključci do kojih se u radu došlo svedoče u prilog tezi da su se ekdici u Istočnom rimskom carstvu zadržali sve do VIII, a moguće i IX veka. U nekim krajevima Carstva taj proces je bio produžen i do X veka, što je dokazano ranijim pronalascima pečata Hersona. U radu su korišćeni metod jezičkog tumačenja srednjovizantijskih pravnih zbirki i istorijsko-komparativni metod, kojim su se prepoznavale grčke pozajmice starijskih rimskih odredaba.During the 5th and 6th centuries a significant change occurred in the nature of defensor civitatis, in line with the social and political context. After the reign of Emperor Justinian I, the competences of the defensor decreased. In cities, bishops took over tasks previously carried out by the defensores, a probable consequence being the disappearance of ekdikoi from administration and civil law, believed to have occurred in the 6th and 7th centuries. The conclusions of this study support the thesis that the ekdikoi functioned in the Eastern Roman Empire as late as in the 8th century, and in some forms until the 9th century. In some parts of the Empire the ekdikoi acted until the early 10th century, which was proven by the discovery of the Cherson seals. The methods used are linguistic interpretation of middle-Byzantine legal codes and comparative-historical method based on identification of Byzantine adoptions of Roman provisions
Transformation of the polis and two sophistic reflections: Protagoras and Callicles
Get PDFPoredeći Protagorinu i Kaliklovu argumentaciju iz Platonovih spisa Protagora i Gorgija, nastojim da prikažem dva sofistička odgovora na neka pitanja koja su postavile društvene prilike u Atini V veka pre nove ere. Stavovi dvojice mislilaca sazdani su od podudarnih gradivnih elemenata: 1) posmatranja čoveka kao bića vođenog težnjom ka zadovoljstvu i željom da izbegne bol; 2) konceptualnog razdvajanja prirode od zakona; 3) moralnog suda koji svoje uporišne kriterijume pronalazi u prirodi; 4) zahteva da se zakon upodobi prirodnim merilima pravde i ispravnog života. Ključno mesto razlikovanja može se pronaći u Protagorinom mitu, na mestu na kojem on upućuje na razlike između prirodnih merila koja pripisujemo samo ljudima i onih koja povezujemo sa ostatkom prirodnog sveta. TA razlika čini ishode sa svim drugačijim: Protagorin demokratski čovek koji nastoji da utiče na ishode kolektivnog političkog odlučivanja u egalitarnoj zajednici suprotstavljen je Kaliklovom aristokrati koji (treba da) vlada nad slabijima od sebe.By comparing Protagoras and Callicles arguments, the author outlines two accounts that respond to the questions raised by the changing social realities of 5th century BC Athens. The two sophists views are comprised of several complementary elements: 1) viewing humans as beings driven by pursuit of pleasures and avoidance of pain; 2) distinguishing law from nature; 3) views of morality as grounded in nature; 4) demanding that laws be adjusted to natural standards of justice and good life. A key point of disagreement can be found in Protagoras myth, where he distinguishes between natural principles that apply only to humans and those that pertain to the rest of the natural world. This draws an important distinction between Protagoras and Callicles: Protagoras democratic man seeking to influence the outcomes of collective political decision-making in an egalitarian community is contrasted by Callicles aristocrat who is meant to freely govern over their inferiors
The most important problems of legal philosophy and the nature of law
Get PDFThe purpose of legal philosophy is frequently defined as the discovery or exploration of the nature of law. The nature of law is usually understood as a set of necessary properties of law. Such an identification of the purpose of legal philosophy raises some doubts. Irrespective of those doubts, I claim that that focusing exclusively on the nature of law may be detrimental to legal philosophy as a whole, as it may be an obstacle to the investigation of certain issues that seem important. Or, at least, not all fundamental problems of legal philosophy may be perceived as pertaining to the nature of the law. Two such problems are briefly discussed: (i) legal pluralism and (ii) certain new categories of non-human legal subjects, such as autonomous machines, environmental legal persons and animals. I argue that focusing on the nature of law does not help the exploration of those important topics
Mobile phone encryption as an obstacle in criminal investigation: Review of comparative solutions
Get PDFRačunarski podaci sa dokaznim potencijalom nalaze se u sve većem broju izvora, među kojima su od posebnog značaja pametni mobilni telefoni. Kada nadležni organi, za potrebe otkrivanja i dokazivanja krivičnih dela, prikupljaju iz ovog uređaja podatke, potencijalne elektronske dokaze, susreću se sa više normativnih i praktičnih izazova, a jedan od otežavajućih faktora je enkripcija celog internog skladišta podataka. Neretko oni imaju odgovarajuće ovlašćenje za ostvarivanje pristupa sadržaju mobilnog telefona, ali im nedostaju tehničke mogućnosti da, bez posedovanja ključa za dekripciju, ostvare pristup i prikupe podatke u čitljivom obliku. Iako se funkcija enkripcije ne može i ne sme zanemariti u savremenom digitalnom okruženju, ona ima opstruktivno dejstvo na krivičnu istragu. Međutim, ovu prepreku nadležni organi mogu prevazići primenom drugih odgovarajućih mera i radnji. U radu autor analizira taktike i tehnike, odnosno mere i radnje za ostvarivanje pristupa sadržaju mobilnog telefona zaštićenog enkripcijom i razmatra pravne osnove za njihovu primenu.In detecting criminal offences, the police increasingly rely on electronic evidence. Due to ubiquitous digitization, data in electronic form with probative potential is found in an increasing number of sources. When the competent authorities need to collect potential electronic evidence from mobile phones, they face several normative and practical challenges. One of the important aggravating factors is the full-disk encryption of the device. Although functions of encryption cannot and must not be neglected in the modern digital environment, it has an obstructive role in criminal investigation. The competent authorities often have the appropriate authority to access the contents of a mobile phone, but they lack the technical ability to gain such access and collect data. After explaining the basic principles of encryption of mobile phones, the author analyzes the possible approaches for gaining access to a device protected by encryption, and indicates the possible legal basis for their application
Straumann Tobias: 1931: Debt, crisis, and the rise of Hitler, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019
Get PDFManastirsko pravo - Anđelković Maja, Rakićević Tihon (ur.): Evergetidski tipik, Manastir Studenica, 2020
Get PDFConcordat negotiations between the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and the Holy See in 1925
Get PDFPrilog se bavi predistorijom, pripremama i tokom pregovora o sklapanju konkordata između Kraljevine SHS i Svete Stolice 1925. godine. Zasnovan je na građi i štampi domaće provenijencije, i novijoj literaturi čiji su autori bili akteri ovih događaja ili su imali uvid u građu poreklom iz vatikanskih arhiva. Ključno pitanje na koje pokušava da se odgovori odnosi se na osnovne razloge neuspeha pregovora.The Kingdom of SCS and the Holy See established diplomatic relations in March 1920. The Holy See accepted the new country with hostility and hesitation. The nuncio monitored not only the states religious policy but also the political atmosphere. He wanted to achieve unity among Roman Catholics in the civil and political spheres. The authorities of the Kingdom of SCS emphasized the need to maintain religious unity as the primary motivation in preparation for the concordat negotiations. Meanwhile, the Roman Catholic Church hierarchy dissatisfied with the states religious legislation asked the Holy See not to sign a concordat until their conditions were met. Much of the controversy during the talks concerned government ownership of church land, the establishment of religious orders, and the appointment of bishops. The negotiations were postponed with the intention of being continued. The 1925 talks did not achieve the goal but helped to define certain issues
A Plea for a Workforce Presence PE Concept in a Post-Covid Digitalized World
No full textThis paper begins with the recapitulation of the generally accepted view that the key problem with the current permanent establishment (PE) definition in international tax treaty law, particularly regarding the new digital economy, lies in its dependence on the existence of a fixed place of business in the source state. It continues with invoking what seems to have been the goal of the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) initiative, the BEPS promise, to conduct an extensive revision of the foundations of international tax law, among which the PE principle and the corresponding PE definition hold a prominent place, in order to ensure their endurance in the new digital age. An analysis of the Multilateral Instrument (MLI) provisions shows that, post 2017, the PE definition is exactly where it was in the past as the changes introduced by virtue of the MLI addressed long existing questions that arose in the distant analogous past. The author shows that the quest to compensate the market/user jurisdiction, which is driving the post MLI digital economy taxation debate. It is overly focused on one particular issue and overlooks the problem that digital business models are capable of creating their products and services anywhere without having a fixed place of business in the classical sense. Based on this premise, the paper concludes with a plea for the introduction of a new PE form - the work jurisdiction PE or, to be more precise, a workforce presence PE concept. This appeal also serves to bring the current international tax law debate more in accordance with the interests of developing countries
The Story of the Civil Supervisor: A Missed Opportunity to Strengthen Civil Control of Public Procurement in the Republic of Serbia
No full textThis paper focuses on the role of civil society in the oversight of public procurement procedures through the prism of experiences with the institute of Civil Supervisor in Serbian law. The first part of the paper explores the prospects and challenges of civil control of public procurement and illustrates a number of successful comparative models. The second part is centered around the institute of Civil Supervisor, which is analyzed in light of the legal framework and practice. After asserting that the Civil Supervisor has proven to be a valuable tool for safeguarding the integrity of the Serbian public procurement system despite the obstacles caused by the legislative shortcomings, lack of institutional support, and an unfavorable political climate in which this institute has been operating, the author suggests a future trajectory for a more active engagement of civil society in improving the Serbian procurement environment