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COVID-19 between medicine, law and politics
Get PDFEfforts to establish a coordinated international response to diseases that affect more than one country go back to the mid-19th century. Nowadays World Health Organization is the central point where the interests of 194 member states to preserve the health of their populations are convened, coordinated, and addressed. The critical concept that initiates an international reaction is a public health emergency of international concern, as exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. As of October 2022, it had claimed an estimated 20 million lives worldwide. Both in Serbia and elsewhere, the death toll greatly depended on the applied prevention and control measures, which included vaccination. Experiences gained so far point to preferable strategies that should be employed when humanity is confronted with the next similar challenge
Voluntary abstention of business entities from enjoying free transfer of funds during pandemic
Get PDFPandemija korona virusa nametnula je velike izazove u svim sferama života, pa tako i u pravu. Pravne norme su morale da se prilagode tzv. "novoj normalnosti" i reše mnoga sporna pitanja koja je pandemija nametnula. U ovom radu autori razmatraju jedan specifičan vid uticaja pandemije na privredno pravo - dobrovoljno ograničenje slobode transfera sredstava, do koga je, u Republici Srbiji, došlo stupanjem na snagu nekoliko uredaba i zakona usvojenih u sklopu pokušaja umanjivanja ili otklanjanja štetnih posledica pandemije na poslovanje privrednih subjekata. Institut dobrovoljnog ograničenja slobode transfera sredstava ispitan je sa stanovišta kompanijskog i prava stranih ulaganja. Nakon analize zabrane isplate dobiti, autori zaključuju da je u uslovima pandemije donošenje nestandardnih mera nužno; da se ove mere moraju donositi brzinom koju diktira pandemija, ali da prilikom njihovog formulisanja ipak treba voditi računa da dugoročna šteta ne nadvlada kratkoročnu dobit.Corona virus pandemic posed great challenges in all spheres of life. Quite naturally, law had to face those challenges, adapt to the "new normal" and bring viable solutions to many problems created by the pandemic. In this paper the authors focus on one specific manifestation of the influence of pandemic on business law - voluntary abstention of business entities from enjoying free transfer of funds. In the Republic of Serbia, this abstention came to effect with entry into force of several laws and bylaws enacted with the aim of neutralizing the negative consequences of the pandemic on economy and business. The voluntary abstention is analysed from the standpoint of company law and the rules on protection of foreign direct investment. After evaluating the prohibition on profit distribution to shareholders, the authors conclude that the enactment of atypical, non-standard measures is necessary during the pandemic and that these measures need to be adopted promptly enough to timely address the problems that they are supposed to solve, but during their enactment one must bear in mind that the short-term benefits should not be off set by long-term damage
Garcia-Carriazo A.J., Ilešič M., Gutiérrez N.M., Pavliha M., Hojnik Janja, Vlačič Patrick: Transport Law on Passenger Rights, Routledge, London + New York, 2021
Get PDFThe position of employees with family duties in European law
Get PDFAutorka se u radu bavi pitanjem položaja zaposlenih sa porodičnim dužnostima u evropskom pravu. S obzirom na to da se zaposleni sa porodičnim dužnostima suočavaju sa nizom izazova na profesionalnom planu, neophodno je da pozitivno zakonodavstvo prepozna ove izazove i poteškoće i da na adekvatan način odgovori na njih.Uspostavljanje ravnoteže profesionalnog i porodičnog života je imperativ koji mora biti na odgovarajući način manifestovan u zakonodavstvu. U tom smislu je u radu analizirano regulisanje položaja zaposlenih sa porodičnim dužnostima u nekomunitarnom i komunitarnom, odnosno pravu Evropske unije. Iako su zaposleni sa porodičnim dužnostima u određenom stepenu zaštićeni,treba podsticati garantovanje što većeg stepena zaštite u evropskom zakonodavstvu i praksi.The author deals with the issue of the position of employees with family in European law. Given that employees with family duties face a number of challenges in their professional lives, it is necessary for legislation to recognise these challenges and difficulties and to adequately respond to them. Establishing a balance between professional and family life is an imperative that must be adequately reflected in the legislation. In that sense, the paper analyses the regulation of the position of employees from family duties in European Community and non-Community law, i.e., the law of the European Union. Although this category of employees is to some extent protected, the guarantee of the highest possible level of protection in European legislation and practice should be encouraged
Legal, social and ethical implications of human genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9
Get PDFOtkriće tehnologije CRISPR/Cas91 proizvelo je revoluciju u humanoj medicini, zbog dostupnosti, efektivnosti i niskih troškova, čime su otvorena brojna pitanja. S obzirom na to da primenom te tehnologije možemo da programiramo svoju buduću decu i da značajno produžimo životni vek, postavljamo pitanje da li to treba da dopustimo. Polazna osnova predmetnog istraživanja je određivanje granica pravne dopuštenosti, odnosno etičke opravdanosti tog postupka, sagledavanjem savremenih pravnoteorijskih stanovišta, etič kih vrednosti i društvenog značaja. U radu se primenom normativnog, komparativnog i sociološkog metoda analizira uticaj razvoja biotehnologije, u kontekstu genetičkih intervencija, na redefinisanje regulatornog okvira. Kritično sagledavanje u kontekstu pravnog normiranja genetičkih intervencija na germinativnim ćelijama, te zadovoljenje interesa svih učesnika, definisano je kao osnovni predmet istraživanja, koji će biti razmatran shodno holističkom pristupu ostvarivanju ljudskih prava.Discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 technology produced a revolution in human medicine, because of the availability, efficiency and low cost, which has raised a number of questions. Given that by applying CRISPR/Cas9 technology we can program our future children and extend their life expectancy, question is whether we should allow it. The point of the paper is to determine the limits of legal admissibility and ethical justification of this procedure, considering contemporary legal theoretical views, ethical values and social significance. Using normative, comparative and sociological method the authors analyze the impact of biotechnology development, in the context of genetic interventions, on redefining the regulatory framework. Critical consideration in the context of legal standardization of human genetic interventions and meeting the interests of all participants, has been identified as a core subject of research, which will be considered in accordance with a holistic approach to the realization of human rights
Restitution for improvements on land of another after termination of sales, lease or construction contract
Get PDFPravila o povraćaju ulaganja i troškova nastalih u korist drugih mogu se naći u raznim granama slovenačkog prava, u okviru prava neosnovanog obogaćenja, poslovodstva bez naloga, ugovornog i imovinskog prava. Iako se bave sličnim situacijama, pravila se međusobno razlikuju. Neka više štite interes poverioca da povrati što veći deo uloženih sredstava, dok druga nastoje da zaštite dužnika od prinudnog finansiranja tuđih ekonomskih odluka. Ovaj rad razmatra neka otvorena pitanja u vezi sa povraćajem ulaganja nakon prestanka ugovora o kupoprodaji, najmu i građenju, koja se pojavljuju u slovenačkoj sudskoj praksi te ih analizira u svetlu rešenja koja su se ustalila u uporednom pravu.Rules on restitution for improvements made to someone elses property can be found in various branches of Slovenian private law, such as the law of unjustified enrichment, negotiorum gestio, contract law and property law. Even though to some extent these rules deal with very similar situations, they differ in various aspects. While some of them are more favourable to the creditors in getting as much of their investment back as possible, others are more inclined toward protecting the debtor against forced financing of anothers economic decisions. This paper discusses some open dilemmas concerning restitution of improvements made to someone elses property in Slovenian contract law. More precisely, it deals with restitutionary consequences of failed sales, lease and construction contracts and approaches this topic from a comparative perspective
On the nature of international law: Rejoinder
No full textThis paper is a rejoinder to critical remarks raised in the papers by Veronica Rodriguez-Blanco, Alejandro Chehtman, David Lefkowitz, Mario Krešić, and Carmen Pavel. The paper does not respond to each author individually, but to distinctive arguments common across different contributions. In that respect, the rejoinder is divided into four parts, which largely match the structure of my book. In the first part, I address some of the meta-philosophical issues concerning the prototype theory of concepts. The second part is devoted to some clarifications of my position with respect to the (international) law’s normativity. The third part is dedicated to the claim that (international) law is justice-apt. Finally, the last part deals with some of the issues related to (international) law as an institutionalized and (coercively) guaranteed order
The Holy and Great Council in the context of synodality of the church-canonical and ecumenical perspective
Get PDFPripreme za Sveti i Veliki Sabor Pravoslavne Crkve koji je održan na Kritu 2016. godine predstavljaju savremen izraz ustanove sabornosti. Autori su u radu napravili komparativni prikaz crkvenopravne i ekumenske perspektive ove ustanove sa ciljem da identifikuju sličnosti i razlike u sabornoj svesti Crkve. Osnovna hipoteza rada sastoji se u stavu da sve pripremne radnje i okupljanja predstojatelja Pravoslavnih Crkava sa ciljem organizacije Svetog i Velikog Sabora predstavljaju fazu u razvoju ustanove sabornosti. U prvom delu rada ukazano je na izuzetnu fleksibilnost ove ustanove koja se lako prilagođavala različitim crkvenim potrebama i društvenim okolnostima, kao i na to da sabornost predstavlja osnovnu instituciju na kojoj počiva crkvena organizacija od parohijskog i manastirskog do univerzalnog, tj. vaseljenskog nivoa. U drugom delu rada predstavljeni su pripremni sabori i problematika sa kojom su se oni suočavali. Opšti zaključak rada mogao bi se rezimirati u stavu da je ustanova sabornosti u Pravoslavnoj Crkvi prevazišla svoj crkveno-pravni značaj, koji će uvek biti neupitan, i da je dobila svoju ekumensku perspektivu čime je postala faktor savremenih međucrkvenih i međuverskih odnosa.Preparations for the Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church, which was held in Crete in 2016, represent a modern expression of the institution of synodality. The authors made a comparative review of canonical and ecumenical perspectives of this institution with the aim of identifying similarities and differences in the conciliar consciousness of the Church. The first part of the paper points out the exceptional flexibility of this institution, which easily adapts to different church needs and social circumstances, as well as the fact that the conciliarity is the basic institution that forms the church organization from the parish to the universal level. The second part of the paper presents the preconciliar conferences and the issues they faced. The general conclusion of the paper is that the institution of synodality in the Orthodox Church has surpassed its canonical significance, which will always be unquestionable, and that it has gained its ecumenical perspective, thus becoming a factor of modern inter-church and inter-religious relations
Lemšat of Serbian medieval law
Get PDFTema ovog rada je institut ugovora o lemšatu u srpskom srednjo vekovnom pravu. Posebna pažnja je posvećena odgovoru na pitanja kako je izgledao taj institut u Srbiji, koliki je obim transplantacije iz saskog prava u toj materiji, odnosno u kojoj meri su srpske norme originalne, te ko su lenhavari, koji se javljaju kao stranka u posebnoj vrsti lemšata. Rezultati pokazuju da je srpski lemšat bio ugovor o ustupanju dela u rudarskom ortakluku, a da su lenhavari bili vrsta kvalifikovanih rudara koji su takav ugovor zaključivali pod posebnim uslovima. Takođe se može zaključiti da je rudarsko pravo u toj oblasti u srednjovekovnoj Srbiji izgradilo brojna autohtona rešenja. Primenjeni metodi su jezičko, sistemsko i istorijsko tumačenje Zakonika o rudnicima despota Stefana, kao i uporedni metod, primenjen na taj pravni spomenik, i vremenski bliske kodifikacije saskog rudarskog prava.The topic of this article is the contract of lemšat (Lehenschaft) in Serbian medieval mining law. The author discusses the details of this legal and social institution in medieval Serbia by answering the following two questions: What was the scale of transplantation of Saxon law, i.e., how original were the Serbian rules? Who were the lenhavars - the contractors in a special type of lemšat? The results of the investigation show that Serbian lemšat was a contract of the temporary lease of a share in a mining partnership and that the lenhavars were qualified miners, whose employment was occasionally necessary. The results also show that Serbian medieval mining law contained numerous original legal solutions. The applied methods are linguistic, systemic and historical interpretation of the Mining Code of Despot Stefan, as well as the comparative method
The work of Živojin Perić on the codification of the Civil Code of interwar Yugoslavia
Get PDFRad Živojina Perića na kodifikovanju građanskog zakonika biće analiziran na osnovu četiri pitanja. 1) Učešće u radu Privatno-pravnog odseka, kasnije Komisije za izradu građanskog zakonika. Zaduženja su podeljena 29. maja 1921. godine. Ž. Perić je bio zadužen da napiše glavu VIII o pravu nasledstva (§§ 531-551), zadružno pravo, glavu XIII o zakonskom redu nasleđivanja (§§ 727-761) i glavu XV o zauzimanju nasledstva u državinu. 2) Mišljenje Ž. Perića o metodu kodifikovanja koji je bio primenjen. 3) Perićevo mišljenje o zakonskoj terminologiji izrađenog projekta koji je nazvan Predosnova građanskog zakonika Kraljevine Jugoslavije. 4) Ž. Perić je napisao obrazloženje (motive) 1-319. paragrafa Predosnove, koje je službeno objavilo Ministarstvo pravde 1939. godine.Živojin Perić's work on codifying the civil code was analyzed through four questions. 1) Participation in the work of the body for drafting the Civil Code and its work on the text of the Code. 2) Perić's opinion on the codification method that was applied. 3) Perić's opinion on the legal terminology in the 1934 Draft Civil Code for the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. 4) Perić wrote the explanation (motives) 1-319. paragraph of the Draft Civil Code, which was officially published by the Ministry of Justice in 1939