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The position of Serbia in the global and European harmonization of intellectual property law
Get PDFZahvaljujući Sporazumu o trgovinskim aspektima prava intelektualne svojine (TRIPS) iz 1994. aktiviran je proces transplantacije neoliberalnog modela zaštite intelektualne svojine iz zapadnih visoko industrijalizovanih zemalja na ostatak sveta, uključujući i najmanje razvijene zemlje. S obzirom na svoje političke aspiracije, Srbija ima obavezu recepcije TRIPS-a i prava Evropske unije. Posledično, pravnička struka u Srbiji je trenutno zaokupljena tzv. harmonizacijom, a ne kreacijom prava koje je u funkciji razvojnih interesa zemlje. Tako je kriterijum za ocenu kvaliteta propisa postala njihova usklađenost sa pravom EU, a ne njihova korespodentnost sa potrebom nacionalnog razvoja i blagostanja. Sa nekoliko primera transplanata prava intelektualne svojine iz prava EU, autor ilustruje dve protivrečne pojave koje prate ovaj proces. Prva je sužavanje prostora nacionalnom zakonodavcu da donese normu koja bi znatno bolje korespondirala sa aktuelnom nacionalnom potrebom. Druga pojava je skokovito unapređenje domaćeg zakonodavstva na bazi nespornih vrednosti evropskog privredno-kulturnog sveta.The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) from 1994 triggered the process of transplantation of a neoliberal model of intellectual property protection from Western highly industrialized countries to the rest of the world, including the least developed countries. Because of its political aspirations, Serbia has the obligation to implement TRIPS and the law of the European Union. Consequently, the legal profession in Serbia is currently preoccupied with harmonization, and not with the creation of norms that are in the function of the country's development interests. Thus, the criterion for assessing the quality of regulations has become their compliance with EU law, and not their correspondence with the need for national development and well-being. With several examples of transplants of intellectual property law from the EU, the author illustrates two contradictory phenomena that characterise this process. Firstly, narrowing the space for the national legislator to adopt a norm that would correspond much better to the current national need. Secondly, leap forward of the domestic legislation on the basis of indisputable values of the European economic and cultural world
Liability for defects in sale of things with digital elements
Get PDFU radu je prikazan institut odgovornosti za materijalne nedostatke u vezi sa stvari s digitalnim elementima. Hrvatsko pravo nedavno je reformirano na tom području zbog implementacije Direktive 2019/771 Evropske unije, pa su u radu analizirana pravila prava EU te odredbe ZOO-a. Ukratko je objašnjeno kako je provedena implementacija Direktive 2019/771 te s njom komplementarne Direktive 2019/770 ne samo u hrvatskom pravu, već i u još nekim nacionalnim pravnim porecima država članica EU. Težište rada je na specifičnostima odgovornosti za materijalne nedostatke stvari s digitalnim elementima, pa su stoga analizirani pojam stvari s digitalnim elementima, pravila o nedostacima takvih stvari, ažuriranje stvari s digitalnim elementima te nedostaci kod ugovora kojima se ugovara kontinuirana isporuka digitalnih sadržaja odnosno digitalnih usluga.This paper presents the issue of liability for material defects in relation to things with digital elements. Croatian law was recently amended in this field as a consequence of implementation of the Directive (EU) 2019/771, and this paper compares the provisions of EU law with the Croatian law and the legal systems of some other EU member states. The focus of the paper is liability for material defects of things with digital elements, and consequently, the notion of things with digital elements is analyzed along with provisions on defects of such things, updates of things with digital elements, and defects in contracts for the continuous supply of digital content and digital services
The rule of law between justice and mere legality: A brief overview of the development of discourse in the concept of the rule of law
Get PDFVladavina prava je jedan od ključnih koncepata 21. stoljeća. Ideja vladavine prava postoji onoliko koliko postoje i promišljanja o državi i pravu, kao i o odnosu između ta dva pojma. Cilj ovog rada je da se na jednom mjestu pokuša prikazati razvoj ideje vladavine prava tokom historije. Autori se, u tom smislu, bave promišljanjima filozofa koji su u velikoj mjeri odredili smjer razvoja ideje vladavine prava. Naravno, u radu nisu navedeni svi filozofi koji su se bavili vladavinom prava, ali se svakako pokušava na hronološki način prikazati kako se vladavina prava kao ideja razvijala od vremena Platona, pa sve do savremenih teoretičara vladavine prava.The rule of law is one of the key concepts in the 21st century. The idea of the rule of law exists to the extent that there are reflections on the state and law, and a relationship between these two concepts. The aim of this paper is to show in one place the development of the idea of the rule of law through history. In this sense, the authors look at the thoughts of philosophers who have largely determined the direction of development of the idea of the rule of law. Of course, not all philosophers who have contemplated the rule of law are listed in the paper, but it nevertheless attempts to show in chronological order how the rule of law as an idea developed from Plato to its modern theorists
Socialist banking: The continuous evolution of the banking sector in Yugoslavia (1944/45-1991/92)
Get PDFThe article explores the influence of the ideological and political frameworks and changes in the physiognomy of social, economic and internal political relations, as well as the foreign policy orientation, on the structure of the banking sector in socialist Yugoslavia, The attempt is to determine the appearance and the important features of the banking sector, the sequence of reforms that marked this field of economic life in the second half of the 20th century, as well as the effectiveness of the observed changes. The overview is provided of the characteristics of the different phases that the Yugoslav banking system, starting with the development of the socialist banking system, planned organization and rigid centralization, through various phases of decentralization, central plan weakening and introduction of market elements, to the shaping (and reshaping) of the self-management banking system and its repercussions on the countrys economic unity
Breach of contract: The draft code on obligations and contracts and the law on obligations
Get PDFČlanak sadrži analizu regulisanja raskida ugovora zbog povrede u jugoslovenskom Zakonu o obligacionim odnosima (1978) i njegovom nacrtu, tzv. Skici (1969), koju je pripremio Mihailo Konstantinović. U oblasti raskida ugovora Konstantinović se u Skici ugleda prvenstveno na Jednoobrazni zakon o međunarodnoj prodaji pokretnih stvari (ULIS 1964), koji je za ono vreme predstavljao modernu regulativu. Osim toga, Konstantinović je u Skicu uvrstio i prestanak ugovora zbog nemogućnosti ispunjenja ugovora koji savremena zakonodavstva danas više ne poznaju. Regulativa u Skici se ne zasniva na jednoobraznom pojmu povrede ugovora već posebno tretira neispunjenje ugovora (docnju), ispunjenje ugovora s nedostatkom i nemogućnost ispunjenja ugovora. Zakonodavna komisija, koja je prerađivala Skicu očuvala je njenu osnovnu strukturu, uključujući razlikovanje nekoliko vrsta povrede ugovora, a u regulisanju raskida načinila je nekoliko izmena koje, u poređenju sa savremenim uređenjima ugovornog prava, spadaju u nedostatke ZOO.The paper presents an analysis of the regulation of termination of contract due to a breach in the Yugoslav Law on Obligations (1978) and the Draft Code on Obligations and Contracts (1969), prepared by Mihailo Konstantinović. In the area of termination of contract, Konstantinovićs primary source of inspiration was the Uniform Law on the International Sale of Goods (ULIS, 1964). The regulation of breach of contract in the Draft Code is not based on a uniform notion of breach of contract, rather, there are different types of breaches: non-performance (debtors default), defective performance, and impossibility of performance. The Legislative Commission, making changes to the Draft Code, retained its structure, including the regulation of different types of breaches, but made changes with regard to termination of contract. Compared to modern model laws, these changes represent some of the key shortcomings of the regulation of this area in the Law on Obligations
Hutman of Serbian medieval law
Get PDFTema rada je ustanova hutmana u srpskom srednjovekovnom rudarskom pravu. Prvo pitanje na koje se daje odgovor jeste u kojoj meri je ona plod transplantacije saskih običaja u srpsko pravo. Drugi cilj rada je da se odrede ovlašćenja i dužnosti hutmana, kao i način njihovog izbora ili postavljenja. Kako rezultati pokazuju, Zakonik o rudnicima despota Stefana poznaje dva instituta hutmana. Prvi je pomoćni organ urbarara, koji sa njim meri zemlju i postavlja granice eksploatacionih polja prilikom dodeljivanja koncesije i prilikom proboja, za šta naplaćuje takse. Verovatno je da ga je postavljao carinik zakupac regalnih prava. Druga ustanova je nadzornik pojedinačnog rudnika, koji evidentira članove rudarskog ortačkog društva, prima njihove uplate troškova, verovatno vodi računa i o pravičnom, urednom i ugovorenom obavljanju ostalih poslova u rudniku, a angažuju ga ortaci. U radu su primenjeni jezičko, sistemsko i istorijsko tumačenje, uporedni metod i regresivna analiza.The subject of the paper is the institute of hutman in Serbian medieval mining law. The first question to be answered is related to the extent of transplantation of the institute from Saxon customs to Serbian written law. The second aim is the definition of the competence of hutman and the way he was appointed. The results indicate the Despot Stefan's Mining Code recognized two different institutes of hutman. The first was auxiliary service to urbarar, measuring and marking the land in the procedure of granting mining concessions and after breaking one mine into another, charging a fee. He was probably appointed by tax collectors. The second one is the supervisor of a mine, entitled to collect the payment from the owners of its shares, to record it and presumably to take care of correct conducting all kind of activities in the mine. Most likely he was employed by the shareholders of the mine partnership. The linguistic, systemic, and historical interpretation is applied as well as the comparative method and regressive analysis
Virtual litigation hearings
Get PDFU članku koji se bavi posledicama pandemije korona virusa na parnični postupak, autorka analizira institut ročišta na daljinu u Republici Srbiji. Najpre je dat kritički osvrt na važeći Zakon o parničnom postupku i njegove odredbe o izvođenju dokaza na daljinu, a zatim su analizirane mogućnosti za izmene i dopune u toj oblasti. Sagledano je nekoliko aspekata uređenja ročišta na daljinu da bi se formirali elementi buduće norme. Povodom pitanja usklađenost pravila postupka sa tehnološkim razvojem društva u stručnoj javnosti se javila sumnja da li je taj institut usklađen sa načelima parničnog postupka i pravom na pravično suđenje. Autorka je analizirala uporednopravna rešenja i praksu Evropskog suda za ljudska prava kako bi došla do zaključaka o usklađenosti ročišta na daljinu sa načelima parničnog postupka i pravom na pravično suđenje.In a paper dealing with the ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic to the litigation proceeding, the author analyses the institution of remote hearings in the Republic of Serbia. A critical reflection was given to the current Law on Civil Litigation and its provisions on presenting evidence from a distance. Afterwards, suggestions were provided for changing and amending these provisions. Several ways for regulating distant hearings were analysed to form the elements of the future norm. When it comes to the actual issue of harmonising the proceeding with the society's technological advancements, there is scepticism in the expertly public on how to harmonise this institution with the principles of litigation proceedings and the right to the fair trial. The author analysed arrangements from the comparative law and the ECHR practice to reach a conclusion on harmonising remote hearings with the principles of litigation proceedings and the right to a fair trial
