RALF
Not a member yet
2273 research outputs found
Sort by
Milan Škulić: Međunarodno krivično pravo - prostorno važenje krivičnog prava, krivično pravo međunarodnog porekla, međunarodna krivičnopravna pomoć, začeci krivičnog prava EU, Službeni glasnik, Beograd, 2022.
Get PDFSurrogacy: A biomedical mechanism in the fight against infertility
Get PDFThis paper reviews the issue of surrogacy. The author analyzes surrogacy and continues by conducting a comparative overview of two legal systems with different approaches to surrogacy. The analysis first looks at the legal system of Russia, as it represents a country that allows all forms of surrogacy, and then that of Germany, as a country with norms prohibiting all forms of surrogacy. In turn, the author reviews Serbian legal provisions, which also forbid all forms of surrogacy. The paper further explores whether there is justification for such legal provisions, i.e., it pinpoints potential problems that could arise if the legal provisions were to be changed. It is concluded that the Serbian legislator has decided to remain silent on this issue, most probably due to the fact that any amendments could raise questions that, at least for the time being, have no clear answers
Dolus eventualis and its demarcation from conscious negligence
Get PDFCentralna tema rada je sadržaj eventualnog umišljaja, pre svega u svetlu njegovog razgraničenja sa svesnim nehatom, od kojeg se razlikuje po elementu volje, dok je element svesti isti. To pitanje je važno zbog toga što posledice te demarkacije, dogmatski i kriminalnopolitički, neposredno i posredno, višestruko utiču na pravnu kvalifikaciju dela, visinu izrečene kazne i, uopšte, na (ne)kažnjivost određenog ponašanja. Nakon uvodnog objašnjenja tog značaja, analizirane su najpre brojne teorije i shvatanja o mogućim načinima razgraničenja (intelektualne i voluntativne teorije, teorije rizika) i posebno je ukazano na njihove prednosti i nedostatke. U drugom delu je potom provereno da li bi neka od tih teorija, samostalno ili u kombinaciji sa segmentima drugih teorija, mogla da se primeni na rešenje u srpskom zakonodavstvu koje, za razliku od drugih, zakonski definiše eventualni umišljaj i svesni nehat, ali i dalje nema sasvim adekvatan i zaokružen kriterijum njihovog razgraničenja.The aim of the paper is to determine the content of dolus eventualis in order to demarcate it from conscious negligence as the less serious form of guilt. The main challenge in Serbian law for their differentiation is their identical element of consciousness (awareness of the possibility to commit the act), while the element of will is different ("consent" to dolus eventualis and reckless assumption that the consequence of the act would not occur or that the perpetrator would be able to hinder it for conscious negligence). Firstly, various doctrines (cognitive theories, voluntative theories, and theories of risk) are analyzed. After that, the most important, typical interpretations from the Serbian jurisprudence are presented and commented on, after which it is assessed whether any of the analyzed theories could apply to Serbian Law. Finally, a more precise interpretation of the term "consent" and related questions is proposed
A procedural model of constitutionalized secession revisited
No full textIn a 2007 monograph I have provided argumentation in favor of a procedural model of the constitutionalization of secession, with two qualifications: (1) I have confined myself to federalized states, insofar as it is empirically confirmed that they are the most common candidates for secession politics; and (2) I have limited my argument to those polities that pass the threshold of ‘ the minimal liberal-democratic setting requirement. ’ As argued by Buchanan, any theoretical proposal aiming at moral reform – and my account had such aspirations – should avoid the pitfall of ‘ futile utopianism. ’ At the moment of writing the monograph, there was not enough empirical evidence for assessing whether it had managed to succeed in that respect. However, almost 15 years after the book publication, during which a number of events and processes falling within the ambit of secessionist politics have occurred in different places, the major tenets of my theoretical proposal can be more credibly tested. I will try to show that my theoretical account fares well in light of the aforementioned events. In particular, I will claim that: (a) despite being an exceptional case of the constitutionalization of secession, the Ethiopian case vindicates why this clause can perform its constitutional function only in a minimal liberal-democratic setting; (b) the Spanish central state’s resistance towards any form of the constitutionalization of secession of its regions – notably Catalonia – demonstrates that in the absence of the exit option the protracted secessionist conflict can in the long term create political instability and even lead to the impasse of ungovernability; (c) the Scottish referendum on independence highlighted all the virtues of the proposed procedural model, in particular its promotion of some of the most important values of liberal-democratic constitutionalism – Rule of Law, Extension of Democratic Rights, and Peace among Communities – as well as its superiority over any substantive model of constitutionalized secession; and (d) the UK’s withdrawal from the EU, in contrast, has shown all the deficiencies of the under-regulated procedural model of (quasi)constitutionalized secession
Biometric identification from the point of view of criminal procedural law and criminalistics
Get PDFU radu se objašnjavaju osnovni krivičnoprocesni i kriminalistički aspekti biometrijske iden- tifikacije. Posebno se definiše identifikacioni dokaz za koji se ističe da predstavlja posebnu vrstu dokaza usmerenu na identifikaciju lica koja imaju ili mogu imati određene procesne statuse, odno- sno odgovarajuću ulogu u krivičnom postupku. I prilikom izvođenja i ocene verodostojnosti iden- tifikacionih dokaza, primenjuju se opšta dokazna pravila, a pre svega ona sadržana u načelima slobodne ocene dokaza i slobodno uverenja suda/organa postupka. Posebna pažnja je poklonjena biometrijskim kamerama, kao i zbirkama biometrijskih podataka, uz isticanje da je u tom pogle- du neophodno imati adekvatniju normativnu osnovu. U zaključku se ističe i da je kada se radi o identifikacionim dokazima proizišlim iz biometrijskih kamera, neophodno uvek voditi računa o odgovarajućem balansu između potrebe za efikasnošću u krivičnoprocesnom i kriminalističkom smislu i neophodnosti da se vodi računa o pravima i slobodama ljudi obuhvaćenih tom vrstom kontrole na javnim mestima. U tom kontekstu je jasno da i pravo na privatnost kao jedno od važnih ustavnih prava, ipak nije bezobalno, tako da i ono naravno, ima svoje legitimne granice, što u demokratskoj pravnoj državi koja se odlikuje vladavinom prava, svakako mora biti uteme- ljeno kako na jasnim zakonskim pravilima, tako i na relevantnim ustavnopravnim odredbama.In the article are explained the basic criminal procedural law and criminalistics’ aspects of biometric identification. The evidence of identification is specifically defined, which is emphasized as a special type of evidence aimed at the identification of persons who have or may have certain pro- cedural statuses, that is, an appropriate role in criminal proceedings. And during the presentation and assessment of its credibility of evidence for identification, general evidentiary rules are applied, and above all those contained in the principles of free evaluation of evidence and free conviction of the court/procedural body. Special attention was given to biometric cameras, as well as collections of biometric data, emphasizing that in this regard it is necessary to have a more adequate normative basis. In the conclusion, it is emphasized that when it comes to evidence for identification derived from biometric cameras, it is necessary to always take care of the appropriate balance between the need for efficiency in the criminal procedural and criminalistics’ sense and the necessity to take care of the rights and freedoms of people/citizens covered by that type of control on public places. In this context, it is clear that the right to privacy, as one of the important constitutional rights, is not boundless, so it also has, of course, its legitimate limits, which in a democratic legal state char- acterized by the rule of law, must also have its clearly legally based and on the relevant constitutional provisions
The right to free primary education
Get PDFU radu su analizirani međunarodnopravni akti, sudske odluke
međunarodnih i nacionalnih sudova i kvazisudskih tela, kao i
praksa država u pogledu prava na osnovno obrazovanje. Za
omogućavanje jednakog pristupa obaveznom osnovnom obra-
zovanju neophodno je da ono bude besplatno, što je i propisano
međunarodnopravnim aktima. Međutim, rezultati istraživanja
su pokazali da se ovaj standard različito tumači, a to dovodi do
neujednačene prakse u državama. Ilustrativni primer su svakako
bivše jugoslovenske republike, te će poseban deo rada biti posve-
ćen analizi normativnog okvira i prakse Republike Srbije, koja i
dalјe ne obezbeđuje besplatne udžbenike za osnovnu školu
Church consent for theology professors: An external perspective
Get PDFDosadašnja diskusija o potrebi crkvenog blagoslova za univerzitetske nastavnike teologije u Srbiji ukazala je na pravne elemente i probleme tog pitanja. Međutim, postoji i teološka dimenzija koja je povezana sa samorazumevanjem teologije kao nauke: kad se teologija razume kao nauka, onda za nju, u epistemološkom i teorijskom smislu, važe isti uslovi kao i za bilo koju drugu granu nauke, što ne isključuje posebnu ulogu crkve. I druge nauke funkcionišu u određenim društvenim i političkim kontekstima i u određenoj meri su zavisne od njih. Uloga teologije, prema tome, nije tako izuzetna. Pravo je svake crkve da očuva svoju teološku tradiciju, ali je otvoreno pitanje kako se to najbolje postiže. U interesu je teologije, ali i same crkve, da se kontrola nad teologijom prepušta najviše naučnom diskursu.The past discussion on the necessity of church blessing for university theology instructors in Serbia has highlighted the legal elements and problems related to this issue. However, there is a theological dimension that is linked to the self-understanding of theology as a scholarly discipline: when theology is understood as a scholarly discipline, the same epistemological and theoretical conditions apply to it as to any other discipline - which does not exclude a special role of the church. Other scholarly disciplines also function in certain social and political contexts and are dependent on them to a certain extent. The role of theology is therefore not that exceptional. It is the right of every church to preserve its theological tradition, but the question remains open how this is best achieved. It is in the interest of theology, as well as of the church itself, to cede control over theology mostly to the scholarly discourse
Invitation to treat from the perspective of comparative and Serbian law
Get PDFAutorka polazi od analize poziva na ponudu, karakteristika i pravnih posledica ove ugovorne inicijative. Njene specifičnosti izdvojene su i kroz poređenje sa drugim ugovornim inicijativama - ponudom, pozivom na pregovore, jednostranim obećanjem i javnim obećanjem nagrade. Centralni deo rada je posvećen analizi slučajeva koji se smatraju ponudom u srpskom, francuskom, švajcarskom, nemačkom i engleskom pravu. To su reklame, oglasi, katalozi i njima slična oglašavanja, izlaganje robe sa ili bez označene cene, aukcije i tenderi. Prikazana je i pravna priroda onlajn oglasa i aukcija. Autorka nastoji da objasni razloge konkretnih uporednopravnih rešenja i izvede zaključke koji opravdavaju kvalifikaciju ugovornih inicijativa kao poziva na ponudu, odnosno kritikuje predočena rešenja. Takođe, posebna pažnja je posvećena analizi srpskog pozitivnog prava, čije odredbe se porede sa rešenjima drugih pravnih sistema, od kojih su neka poslužila kao uzor našem zakonodavcu.The author begins with an analysis of an invitation to treat, its characteristics and legal consequences. Its peculiarities are also highlighted through comparison with other contractual initiatives - an offer, an invitation to negotiations, a unilateral promise, and a public promise of reward. The central part of the work is devoted to the analysis of cases that are qualified as the invitation to treat in Serbian, French, Swiss, German, and English law. These are advertisements, dis play of goods with or without a marked price, auctions, and tenders. The legal nature of online advertisements and online auctions is presented as well. The author explains the reasons for specific comparative law solutions and draws conclusions that justify the qualification of contractual initiatives as invitations to treat or she criticizes the solutions presented. Also, attention is devoted to the analysis of Serbian positive law since its provisions are compared with the solutions of other legal systems. Furthermore, some of those provisions served as a model for Serbian legislator
What is self-plagiarism?
Get PDFU današnjoj klimi pojačane društvene pažnje u vezi sa plagijarizmom, u globalnoj akademskoj zajednici se kao poseban oblik etički problematičnog ponašanja sve češće označava i praksa autoplagiranja. Ako se za plagijat i može reći da je bio predmet podrobnih pojmovnih analiza, to nije slučaj sa autoplagijatom. Ovaj kratak osvrt ima za cilj pokušaj te vrste. Polazeći od odredbe čl. 25 Kodeksa profesionalne etike Univerziteta u Beogradu, razmatraju se najbitnija obeležja ovog akademskog etičkog prestupa. U preduzetoj pojmovnoj analizi se utvrđuje da se tvorac Kodeksa opredelio da inkriminiše kao etički neprihvatljivu samo užu praksu "duplog objavljivanja" (duplicate or dual publication). Zaključuje se da i u slučaju pribegavanja takvoj praksi ne može biti govora o etičkom prekršaju autoplagiranja ako autor jasno naznači da ponovo objavljuje/upotrebljava vlastiti ranije objavljeni ili na drugi način iskorišćeni rad, odnosno delove rada.In today's era of heightened sensitivity to plagiarism, self-plagiarism is gaining recognition as a distinct ethical concern within the global academic community. While plagiarism has undergone detailed conceptual analysis, the same cannot be said for self-plagiarism. This concise review seeks to address this gap by examining key aspects of this academic ethical issue, as outlined in Article 25 of the Code of Professional Ethics at the University of Belgrade. Through this conceptual analysis, it becomes apparent that the Code specifically condemns the narrower practice of "duplicate or dual publication" as ethically unacceptable. It is clear that self-plagiarism does not occur when an author transparently acknowledges their intention to republish or reuse their previously published or utilized work, including its constituent parts
The Nature of Female Genital Mutilation According to the Istanbul Convention and Other International Instruments
Get PDFThe paper deals with the nature of female genital mutilation (FGM) as a highly gendered, harmful practice, which has in the meantime been formalized as a crime. Especially the Istanbul Convention is regarded as the driving force behind this legal development. But beyond that, this Convention, as well as the Convention of Belem do Para and the Maputo Protocol before that, have defined and located the very nature of FGM within the violence against women. By doing so, prior (false) beliefs and attempts to legitimize them due to cultural, social or religious reasons have become obsolete. The aim of this paper is to show the nature of FGM within the aforementioned instruments