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Taxonomy and phytogeography analysis of medicinal plants at the area of nature monument “Šuma Košutnjak”
No full textThe study was carried out during two consecutive growing seasons (2020-2021) with the aim
to record medicinal plants at the area of protected nature monument “Šuma Košutnjak”.
Based on field research, together with numerous references, there was established presence of
total of 147 medicinal plants at the whole researched locality. After the plants were
determined, taxonomy and phytogeography analyses of collected material were performed. As
for taxonomy, the most distributed families are Rosaceae (10.88 %) and Lamiaceae (9.52 %),
while Fabaceae (5.44%) and Asteraceae (5.44%) are a bit less present. In the phytogeography
analysis participation of different life forms and floral elements was determined. Among life
forms the most common are hemicryptophytes (40.14%), then phanerophytes (24.49%) and
therophytes (11.56%). The most dominant floral elements are Eurasian (20.41%),
submideuropean (17.69%), mideuropean (12.24%) and submediterranean (11.56%). It should
be noted that some species, according to destructive human effect, are very endangered due to
low rate of their natural regeneration. Therefore it is needed to conduct protective measures in
order to conserve gene pool of these species. If we want to obtain reliable information about
the number and presence of medicinal plants at this area, it is necessary to perform detailed
monitoring which would include several consecutive growing seasons
Plants as indicators of site conditions in mixed forests of sessile oak and hornbeam in the area of Kosmaj mountain in Serbia
No full textThe paper presents ecological properties of plant species, occurring in the forest of the sessile oak and hornbeam community (Querco petraeae-Carpinetum betuli Rudski 1949. s.l.) in the area of Kosmaj in Serbia. The sessile oak and hornbeam forests in Serbia are conditioned by orographic and edaphic factors, i.e., they occur as extrazonal vegetation and cover significantly smaller areas than in the Illyrian province. In the area of Kosmaj, these forests occur at lower altitudes (300 - 400 m), with eastern to northeastern aspects, and the slope of 15-23°. Differentiation of flora was done according to membership in certain ecological plant groups, according to most significant ecological factors: soil humidity, soil acidity, quantity of nitrogen in the soil, light and temperature. According to the indicator values of plant species, the community of sessile oak and hornbeam is mesophilic in terms of humidity (F – 2.88), neutrophilic-basophilic (R – 3,32) in terms of acidity, mesotrophic in terms of soil nitrogen supply (N – 2,82), semisciophilic regarding light (L – 2,85), and mesothermal in terms of heat (T – 3,39). Indicator values of plants are suitable to indirectly assess environmental conditions and can help to estimate the conditions, for which no measurements are available. Therefore, they can be used as useful indicators in monitoring environmental changes
Light art installation bio-inspired by endemic plant species Helleborus serbicus Adam.
No full textＴｈｅ ｐｅｒｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｓｉｇｎ ｏｆ ｎａｔｕｒａｌ ｆｏｒｍｓ， ｒｅｓｕｌｔｉｎｇ ｆｒｏｍ ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ｙｅａｒｓ ｏｆ
ｎａｔｕｒａｌ ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ， ｉｎｓｐｉｒｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｂｉｏｍｉｍｅｔｉｃｓ—ｔｈｅ
ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ａｎｄ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｎｅｗ ｄｅｓｉｇｎ ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓ， ｎｅｗ ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ ａｎｄ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ
ｔｈａｔ ｕｓｅ ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ ａｓ ｍｏｄｅｌｓ． Ｂｉｏｍｉｍｅｔｉｃ ｄｅｓｉｇｎ ｈａｓ ｆｏｕｎｄ ｉｔｓ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ
ｍａｎｙ ｆｉｅｌｄｓ： ｉｎ ａｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕｒｅ， ｌａｎｄｓｃａｐｅ ａｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕｒｅ， ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ， ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ，
ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ， ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ， ｆａｓｈｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｍａｎｙ ｏｔｈｅｒ ａｒｅａｓ． Ｆｌｏｒａｌ ｍｏｔｉｆｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｔｉｍｅｌｅｓｓ
ｂｅａｕｔｙ， ｈａｒｍｏｎｙ ｏｆ ｐｅｔａｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａ ｆａｖｏｒｉｔｅ ｄｅｓｉｇｎ ｉｎｓｐｉｒａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｖａｒｉｏｕｓ ｄｅｓｉｇｎ
ｄｏｍａｉｎｓ． Ｅｖｅｒｙ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ ｈａｓ ａｔ ｌｅａｓｔ ｏｎｅ ｏｒ ｍｏｒｅ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ ｔｈａｔ ａｒｅ ｕｎｉｑｕｅ ｔｏ ｉｔ ａｎｄ ｔｈａｔ
ａｒｅ ｎｏｔ ｆｏｕｎｄ ｉｎ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｒｅｇｉｏｎｓ． Ｔｈｅｓｅ ａｒｅ ｓｏ － ｃａｌｌｅｄ ｅｎｄｅｍｉｃ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ， ｉ． ｅ． ａｎ
ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌ ｏｆ ａ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ ｔｈａｔ ｉｓ ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ ｔｏ ａ ｐａｒｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｒａｎｇｅ ｉｎ ｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌ， ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｏｒ
ｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｔｅｒｍｓ． Ｓｅｒｂｉａ ｉｓ ａ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ ｗｉｔｈ ａ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ ｅｎｄｅｍｉｃ
ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ． Ｉｎ Ｓｅｒｂｉａ， ｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙ ｉｎ ｈｉｌｌｙ ａｎｄ ｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｏｕｓ ａｒｅａｓ， ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ ｔｙｐｅｓ ｏｆ
Ｈｅｌｌｅｂｏｒｕｓ ｐｌａｎｔｓ， ｏｆ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｔｈｅ ｐｌａｎｔ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ Ｈｅｌｌｅｂｏｒｕｓ ｓｅｒｂｉｃｕｓ Ａｄａｍ．
（Ｈｅｌｌｅｂｏｒｕｓ ｍｕｌｔｉｆｉｄｕｓ Ｖｉｓ． ｓｕｂｓｐ． ｓｅｒｂｉｃｕｓ ） ｉｓ ａｎ ｅｎｄｅｍｉｃ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ ｏｆ ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ
Ｓｅｒｂｉａ， ａｎｄ ａｓ ｓｕｃｈ ｅｍｐｈａｓｉｚｅｓ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｇｌｏｂａｌ ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ
ｂｉｏｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｇｅｎｅ ｐｏｏｌ． Ｔｈｅｒｅ ａｒｅ ｍａｎｙ ｆｏｌｋ ｂｅｌｉｅｆｓ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｉｓ ｐｌａｎｔ
ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ， ｓｕｃｈ ａｓ ｔｈｅ ｆａｃｔ ｔｈａｔ ｉｔ ｉｓ ｔｈｅ ｅｌｉｘｉｒ ｏｆ ｅｔｅｒｎａｌ ｙｏｕｔｈ， ｉｔ ｈａｓ ｆａｎｔａｓｔｉｃ ｐｏｗｅｒｓ
ａｎｄ ｉｓ ｔｈｅ ｌｉｎｋ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｖｉｓｉｂｌｅ ａｎｄ ｉｎｖｉｓｉｂｌｅ ｗｏｒｌｄｓ． Ｈｅｌｌｅｂｏｒｕｓ ｉｓ ｏｎｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｆｉｒｓｔ
ｈａｒｂｉｎｇｅｒｓ ｏｆ ｓｐｒｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ａｒｒｉｖａｌ ｏｆ ｇｏｏｄ ｗｅａｔｈｅｒ ａｎｄ ｗａｒｍ ｄａｙｓ， ｗｈｉｃｈ ｂｌｏｏｍ
Adhesion strength of coatings on wood
No full textIn wood surface finishing coatings present the basic material that is used to protect the surfaces of
the final wood products, while preserving or improving its aesthetic characteristics. The coating
market is constantly evolving offering improved coatings formulations in terms of environmental
eligibility and/or decorative and protective properties. However, the upgraded characteristics of
chosen coatings does not mean much if an adequate adhesion between the coatings and the substrate is
not achieved. For this reason, the adhesion strength of coating can be considered a key parameter of
the quality of a coated wood surface.
This paper explores the possibilities and limitations of different methods of testing the adhesion
strength of the coatings on the wood surface.
Further, the impact of the properties of the coated system components (substrate and coatings),
both native and the ones that are result of different surface finishing operations (preparation of the
substrate, staining, application and drying of the coatings) on the adhesion strength of coatings on
wood, was analyzed
How traditional intrapreneurial concept can govern state-owned forest enterprise management decision toward business improvement based on forest products and services
No full textThe intrapreneurial concept (also known as intracorporate entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship, and corporate entrepreneurship) is a traditional perspective of forestry
based on a commitment to public goods, nature and the environment, and disagreement with the concentration of wealth and power. It can be traced back to the
late 19th century through Pincho's sketch as the foundation of forestry practice and forest policy. The intrapreneurial concept implies the principles of a conservation
ethic, which is: "the art of producing from the forest whatever it can yield for the service of man". This concept advocates not only conservation but also the provision
of public goods to society as a whole. This research aims to analyze the role of intrapreneurial concept in state-owned forest enterprises and its influence on
managers’ decisions on business improvement, based on forest products and services. The main research question was what conditions must be present for business
improvement in state-owned forest enterprises. We used survey to collect attitudes of managers and employees from 4 state-owned forest enterprises in Serbia.
The questionnaire was a combination of a research instrument for measuring intrapreneurship in large enterprises and an instrument for measuring entrepreneurship
in forestry enterprises. It showed acceptable reliability. Our conceptual framework consists of following variables: demographic characteristics of employees, need
for professional training, influence of business environment, flow of information, managerial support, working autonomy, reward system, working time availability
and attitudes toward forest products and services. The results were used to create a model of how selected variables affect opportunities to improve business based
on forest products and services. Model shows how state-owned forest enterprise managers need to decide which forest products and services are important for
business improvement. Based on the team members demographic characteristics, younger employee expressed attitudes that tourism and recreational services,
hunting and fishing together with non-wood forest products are potentially beneficial to the enterprise. Women have attitudes that extension service in private
forests is potentially beneficial to the enterprise, as opposed to men. The model also shows specific interactions between organizational elements (variables).
Management support is positively correlated with the reward system, information flow, and working autonomy, while it is negatively correlated with employees'
need for professional training. The reward system and flow of information are negatively correlated, similar to influence from busies environment and working time
availability. We can conclude that there are modalities between organizational elements and demographic characteristics of employees that affect the possibility
for business improvement based on forest products and services. These modalities are specific for state-owned forest enterprises where employees need to fulfill
public needs in which some products and services are offered for free
Encoding/Decoding Capitals of Classical Architectural Orders by Using Fractal Geometry: Establishing Methodology
No full textIn most cases, artefacts are differentiated in terms of style they belong to – mainly visually, not mathematically. So, the main research questions of this study are both how to numerically encode stylistic regularities (peculiarities) as geometric indicators of artefacts morphology and how to decode them, namely to identify architectural style those artefacts belong to. Columns, namely their capitals are chosen as the most distinctive elements among artefacts. To elaborate on the validity of the defined principles of the aim-related methodology, a few representatives (capital samples) from each of three fundamental classical architectural orders (Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian) are used. The subject of this Paper is to establish relevant indicators of capital qualification, capital classification, and thus, referred architectural order identification. The verification of those indicators is performed by processing two sets of capitals contours (that belong to the mutually equidistant transverse and equiangular radial section planes) of each of the selected samples (namely digital 3D models). The narrower research aim is to point out that it is possible to encode not only chosen but also any other capital – by using the mentioned indicators of fractal and non-fractal nature (as a control one). The wider research aim refers to a possibility to identify order a concrete fragment of capital belongs to in terms of recognising it computationally (as confidently as possible from the mathematical probability point of view) based on the established research methodology principles. Finally, it is possible to conclude that changes of the analysed indicators trendlines behaviour (expressed by changes of its slope, roughness, continuation, etc.) accurately/precisely describe morphology-wise variations of a form that could point out subject-related stylistic variation, as well. So, this Paper demonstrates not only the fact that architectural orders capitals are true fractal objects, but rather how fractal analysis as a tool can be used to scientifically numerically encode/decode their certain characteristics (fractal features) of single- or multi-scale nature
Monitoring of groundwater level fluctuations at flooded area of lowland forests of the Sava River (Serbia)
No full textLowland pedunculate oak forests in the alluvium of the river Sava are of a great economic and ecological importance. Their growth and development features, and their survival, as well, mostly depend on soil moisture and available water. The paper deals with the influence of groundwater level on pedunculate oak forests condition in flooded area of Donji Srem. During four-year long research, the average (reference) groundwater level was determined, and extremes, the wettest and the driest year, were determined based on climate factors such as temperature and rainfalls. Deviation of the average from the reference groundwater level in the vegetation period during some years indicates possibility of risk zones presence. These zones are defined according to geostatistical analysis – ArcGIS, Kriging model and they are very significant for forestry practice, because they can predict some drought events and warn forestry experts to react in time in order to prevent big damages. Bearing in mind that investigated area is flooded, and that groundwater level is close to the soil surface, these anaerobic site conditions are obviously more suitable for another hygrophilous species than for pedunculate oak
Economic effects of applying future agricultural production structure model (fapsms)
No full textIt is necessary to harmonize the needs of society in terms of agricultural production and land protection fromvarious forms of degradation throughout sustainable land management. Various models of sustainable soilmanagement are being applied with an aime to prevent the erosion destruction of the soil through adequateprocessing methods, with appropriate yields and positive economic effects of such production. Assessing thejustification of investment in sustainable management of land resources is an important step in this process.Analysis of soil erosion risk was carried out in the suburban area of the morphological unit of the Baričkariver watershed, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method, with the existing andprojected structure of agricultural production according to the Future Agricultural Production StructureModel from the Aspect of Preserving Land Resources for Mountain Catchment Areas of Serbia (FAPSMS).The value of the existing and projected production structure from an economic aspect was also examinedusing dynamic economic methods such as Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Repayment of the In-vested Funds(RIF), Cost-Benefit Ratio (CBR) and Net Present Value (NPV). In order to assess the risk and uncertainty ofinvestments, a sensitive analysis of dynamic methods IRR and RIF was carried out. Economic indicatorsshow that the investment is justified and that it is more sensitive to changes in income
Chaenomeles × Superba 'Pink Lady' In Designing Private Gardens In Conditions Of Climate Change
No full textBy evaluating the design of 10 private gardens, in the suburban zone of Belgrade, in Ostružnica, this
research provided recommendations for the use of certain landscape elements and specifics with Pink
Flowering Quince for design or reconstruction in conditions of a changed temperate-continental
climate. The effect of climatic variables on phenological patterns of flowering was determined through
accumulated cold hours, phenological patterns, and their correlations. The results indicate a
significant influence of climatic variables on phenophases and their duration. Genotype 1 is proposed
for multiplication, as it stands out with the longest flowering period. The research confirmed that
landscape design is not successful without high-quality plant material such as Chaenomeles ×
superba 'Pink Lady', as well as that when choosing plants, ecological characteristics should be
evaluated, and those that ensure the sustainability of the landscape should be selected
Medicinal Potential of Woody Species From Hill-Mountain Areas With Special Reference to the Area of Zlatibor
No full textЛековита својства дивљих биљака одавно су позната човеку, а сакупљање самониклог лековитог и ароматичног биља саставни је део активности и извор прихода многих
сеоских домаћинстава, нарочито у брдско-планинским подручјима. Највеће количине
биљних сировина које се продају на тржишту добијају се брањем самониклог лековитог
биља, док се релативно мали број биљних врста гаји. Разлог томе је и став који преовладава у многим традиционалним медицинским системима да је самоникло биље супериорније и ефикасније од гајеног. Циљ овога рада је да укаже на лековити потенцијал
дрвенастих и жбунастихврста који је мање познат и мање искоришћен од лековитог
потенцијала зељастих врста. У раду је приказан лековити потенцијал дрвенастих врста
које расту у брдско-планинским подручјима Србије, попут: јеле (Abies alba Mill.), млеча
(Acer platanoides L.), црне јове (Alnus glutinosa /L./ Gaertn), брезе (Betula pendula Roth.),
дрена (Cornus mas L.), леске (Corylus avellana L.), једносеменог белог глога (Crataegus
monogyna Jacq.), крушине (Frangula alnus Mill.), ораха (Juglans regia L.), клеке (Juniperus
communis L.), дивље јабуке (Malus sylvestris /L./ Mill.), белог дуда (Morus alba L.), црног
бора (Pinus nigra Arnold), дивље трешње (Prunus avium L.), дивље крушке (Pyrus communis
L.), храста китњака (Quercus petraea /Matt./ Liebl.), багрема (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), беле
врбе (Salix alba L.), црне зове (Sambucus nigra L.), шумске липе (Tilia platyphyllos Scop.)
и др. За сваку од ових врста, које расту на подручју Златибора, приказана је категорија
лековитости, који део биљке је лековит, активни састојци, време брања и употреба. У зависности од присуства појединих лековитих дрвенстих и жбунастих врста на одређеном
брдско-планинском подручју, њихово сакупљање-брање и сушење може бити додатни
извор прихода сваког домаћинства док се организовано сакупљање и прерада на нивоу
локалне заједнице могу сматрати активностима у правцу њеног развоја