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Man with boat "Ribble"
No full textAn unidentified man inside the water in an estuary with a motor boat called "Ribble" in a location in the North West of England, UK. This photo is part of a Photo Album that includes pictures from 1935 to 1954.Environment Agency Archives North WestImage taken from Historic Photo Collection containing images on Fisheries and Fish pass construction from 1935 to 1954. The album, originally owned by the Environment Agency North West, is now held by the Freshwater Biological Association
Численное моделирование теплового режима подземного объекта хранения отработавшего ядерного топлива (вариант встроенной конструкции)
No full textThe results of a numerical simulation of the thermal regime of an underground facility for long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel in a built-in reinforced concrete structure are presented. Two computer models were constructed in a three-dimensional formulation in the COMSOL programme. The first model is based on the incompressible fluid approximation, while the second model is based on the "incompressible ideal gas" approximation. The mathematical basis of models: the continuity equation, Navier – Stokes equations averaged by Reynolds, the standard (k – ?) turbulence model, and the general heat transfer equation. Consideration of mixed convection conditions is implemented in the "incompressible ideal gas" approximation, where the air density is a function of temperature only. The most thermally stressful arrangement of spent fuel placement is investigated: U-Zr – defective – U-Be. The air rate is varied in the range from 21 to 0.656 m3/s. Numerical experiments were performed for up to 5 years of fuel storage. The principal difference between the non-stationary structure of the velocity fields predicted in the "incompressible ideal gas" model and the "frozen" picture of the aerodynamic parameters in the incompressible fluid model is emphasized. It is shown that the requirements for exceeding the temperature limit values are met when the object operates under conservative ventilation conditions (rate 0.656 m3/s) with a minimum of costs for organizing ventilation. The dynamics of heat flows directed into the rock mass through the base and from the surface of the built-in structure of the U-Zr fuel compartment to the air environment are analyzed. The predominance of the heat flow from the surface of the structure and the different times when the curves of the heat flow dynamics reach their maximum values are noted. The heat flow to the array reaches its maximum significantly faster than to the air.Представлены результаты исследования методом численного моделирования теплового режима подземного объекта долговременного хранения отработавшего ядерного топлива в варианте встроенной железобетонной конструкции. Построены две компьютерные модели в объемной постановке в программе COMSOL. В основе первой модели лежит приближение несжимаемой жидкости, для второй – приближение "несжимаемого идеального газа". Математическая основа моделей: уравнение неразрывности, уравнения Навье – Стокса, осредненные по Рейнольдсу, стандартная -модель турбулентности и общее уравнение теплопереноса. Учет условий смешанной конвекции реализован в приближении "несжимаемого идеального газа", в котором плотность воздуха является функцией только температуры. Исследована наиболее напряженная в тепловом отношении компоновка размещения ядерного топлива: U-Zr – defect – U-Be. Расход воздуха проварьирован в диапазоне от 21 до 0,656 м3/с. Численные эксперименты выполнены на срок до 5 лет хранения топлива. Подчеркнуто принципиальное отличие нестационарной структуры прогнозируемых в модели "несжимаемого идеального газа" скоростных полей от "застывшей" картины аэродинамических параметров в модели несжимаемой жидкости. Показано соблюдение требований по непревышению предельных значений температуры при функционировании объекта в консервативных условиях проветривания (расход 0,656 м3/с) с минимумом затрат по организации вентиляции. Проанализирована динамика тепловых потоков, направленных в скальный массив через основание и с поверхности встроенной конструкции отсека с U-Zr топливом в воздушную среду. Отмечено доминирование теплового потока с поверхности конструкции и различное время выхода кривых динамики теплового потока на максимальные значения. Тепловой поток в массив достигает максимума существенно быстрее, чем в воздух.PublishedReferee
Cartilla mareográfica de Colombia, región Pacífico 2022.
No full textLa cartilla mareográfica de Colombia es una publicación desarrollada en conjunto por el Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (Ideam) y la Dirección General Marítima (Dimar), que presenta datos astronómicos y pronósticos de pleamares y bajamares, dirigida a la comunidad que habita y desarrolla actividades marítimas en los litorales y zonas insulares del país. La Cartilla mareográfica de Colombia correspondiente a la región del Pacífico, ofrece información de mayor resolución local y representativa para la cuenca del Pacífico colombiano, Isla Gorgona e Isla de Malpelo.PublishedReferee
Systematic list of marine isopods of Peru, first record of Isocladus bahamondei Carvacho, 1997 (CRUSTACEA, PERACARIDA) and contributions of its ecology for the Peruvian coast
No full textExiste poco conocimiento sobre los estudios taxonómicos en los ecosistemas marinos del Perú, entre ellos los isópodos marinos son un grupo poco estudiado. El objetivo de esta investigación es actualizar el listado de isópodos marinos del Perú y presentar el nuevo registro de Isocladus bahamondei Carvacho, 1977. Se estudiaron tres playas: Tres Hermanas, Malecón Costeo y Puerto Inglés. La recolección se realizó de forma manual en la zona mesolitoral con la utilización de un marco cuadrado de 25 x 25 cm. La playa que tuvo mayores valores de abundancia y biomasa de I. bahamondei fue Puerto Inglés (179 ind/ m2 y 1.45 g/m2). El mayor pico de esos valores se encontró entre los meses de agosto y septiembre (final de invierno y principios de primavera). En este trabajo se actualiza el listado sistemático de isópodos peruanos y se amplía el rango de distribución de I. bahamondei hacia el norte del ecosistema de Humboldt.There is little knowledge about taxonomic studies in the marine ecosystems of Peru, among them the marine isopods are a little studied group. The objective of this study is to update the list of marine isopods of Peru and present the new record of Isocladus bahamondei Carvacho, 1977. Three beaches were studied: Tres Hermanas, Malecón Costero and Puerto Inglés. The collection was carried out manually in the mesolittoral zone using a square frame of 25 x 25 cm. The beach with the highest abundance and biomass of I. bahamondei was Puerto Inglés (179 ind/m2 and 1.45 g/m2). The highest abundance and density peaks were found between August and September (late winterand early spring). In this work the systematic list of Peruvian isopods is updated and the distribution range of I. bahamondei is expanded towards the north of the Humboldt ecosystem.PublishedReferee
JHOD’s efforts toward the practical application of remote sensing technologies for depth measurement.
No full textSince the introduction of the first airborne LIDAR system in 2003, the Japan Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department （JHOD） has been operating airborne LIDAR bathymetry （ALB） in shallow waters where multibeam echosounding by survey boats would be difficult or inefficient. In 2020, the JHOD is to deploy its third airborne LIDAR system together with an aircraft exclusively engaged in hydrographic surveys, which is expected to improve the efficiency of ALB. Since 2014, the JHOD has been conducting research on Satellite Derived Bathymetry （SDB）, another remote sensing technology for depth measurement, focusing onits application to hydrographic services. SDB is a technology designed to extract water depth information from visible satellite images, and its cost effectiveness and rapidity has been attracting hydrographic offices and IHO in recent days. This review outlines the JHODʼs efforts at designing a practical application of remote sensing technologies for depth measurement, namely ALB and SDB.PublishedReferee
Análisis de imágenes y núcleos de sedimento revelan la evolución costera en Cayo Jutías, noroeste de Cuba
No full textShorelines are being eroded at an accelerated rate in certain sectors of the Cuban Archipelago due to natural and anthropogenic processes. Cayo Jutías, in the northwestern coast of Cuba, has undergone transformation in the last decades including a shoreline retreat of around 10 m y-1 and subsequent flooding of the coastal infrastructure. The causes of this accelerated modification are unclear but two drivers seem to be important: the modification of the natural dynamics because of the construction of a land bridge, and a high exposure to meteorological events. Therefore, we aimed to describe the recent coastal evolution of Cayo Jutías based on the coupling of aerial and satellite imagery and sediment records from cores. We used two aerial photographs and three satellite images derived from Google Earth to verify the changes that have occurred in the study area in the period 1970-2017. Three cores were collected in November 2016 to analyze the sedimentary records of texture and composition. Hurricane and storms are the main natural processes affecting the coastal evolution of shoreline in Cayo Jutías, likely in conjunction with sea level rise. Human intervention, mainly the building of the land bridge, likely exacerbated the shoreline changes. The island behaved as a drift sector, with erosion on the northeast end, sediment transport westwards along shoreline, and accumulation on the southwestern end.Las costas están siendo erosionadas a un ritmo acelerado en algunos sectores del archipiélago cubano debido a procesos tanto naturales como antrópicos. Cayo Jutías, ubicado en la costa noroccidental de Cuba ha experimentado transformaciones drásticas en lasúltimas décadas, incluyendo retrocesos de la línea de costa de hasta 10 m y-1 y una consecuente inundación de infraestructuras costeras. Las causas de esta acelerada modificación permanecen inciertas aun, pero dos indicadores parecen ser importantes: los cambios en la dinámica natural provocada por la construcción de un pedraplén, y la alta exposición a eventos meteorológicos extremos. Por tanto, el objetivo de la investigación es describir la evolución costera reciente de Cayo Jutías basada en el uso de imágenes aéreas y satelitales y en núcleos de sedimento. Dos fotografías aéreas y tres mágenes satelitales obtenidas de Google Earth fueron utilizadas para verificar los cambios ocurridos en el área de estudio entre 1970 y 2017. Tres núcleos de sedimento fueron colectados en noviembre de 2016 con el fin de analizar el registro sedimentario en términos de textura y composición. La incidencia de huracanes y tormentas tropicales parecen ser el principal factor natural modificando la evolución de la línea costera en Cayo Jutías, presuntamente en conjunción con el ascenso del nivel del mar. La intervención humana, principalmente la construcción del pedraplén, puede haber exacerbado los cambios en la línea costera. La isla se comporta como un sector de deriva con erosión en el extremo noreste, transporte de sedimentos hacia el oeste a lo largo de la línea costera y acumulación en el extremo suroestePublishedReferee
Conservation of the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) in Rincón del Mar, Colombia
No full textSe describen los procesos de conservación y ecología de anidación de la tortuga carey (Eretmochelys imbricata), producto del monitoreo sistemático entre 2018 y 2019 en el corregimiento de Rincón del Mar, San Onofre, Sucre. Se registraron seis nidadas de tortuga carey, todos fueron dejadas in situ y un nido fue saqueado por humanos. Las hembras desovaron un total de 761 huevos en cinco nidadas (promedio ± DE: 152,2 ± 15,5 huevos por nidada). El éxito de eclosión fue en promedio 78,2 ± 12,4 % y el éxito de emergencia fue en promedio 74,7 ± 14,1 % (n = 5). El periodo de incubación fue en promedio de 54 ± 7,8 días (n = 4). Fueron liberadas 591 crías al mar, de las cuales 22 (3,72 %), fueron rescatadas y liberadas con la comunidad. Además, se realizaron mediciones físicas de los nidos (ancho, profundidad, distancia a la playa), medidas morfométricas de los neonatos (ARC, LRC y peso) y se identificaron amenazas en el sector. Nuestros resultados contribuyen al conocimiento del estado actual de la tortuga carey, así como lo indispensable de la participación comunitaria para su conservación en Rincón del Mar.The conservation and nesting ecology of the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) are described, as a result of a systematic monitoring between 2018 and 2019 in the municipality of Rincón del Mar, San Onofre, Sucre. Six hawksbill turtle nests were recorded in situ, one nest was poached by humans. The nesting female spawned a total of 761 eggs in five clutches (mean 152.2 ± 15.5 eggs per clutch). Mean hatching success was 78.2 ± 12.4 % and the mean emergence success was 74.7 ± 14.1 % (n = 5). The mean incubation period was 54 ± 7.8 days (n = 4). 591 hatchlings were released into the sea, of which 22 (3.72 %) were rescued and released with the community. In addition, physical measurements of the nests (width, depth, distance to the beach) and morphometric measurements of the hatchlings (SCW, SLC and weight) were carried out. Finally, 14 natural and anthropogenic threats were identified for the species in Rincón del Mar and different degrees of threat, according to the beach sector, being high, medium and low for Chichimán, Ana Gómez and Balsillas with Punta Gorda respectively. Our results contribute to the knowledge of the current status of the hawksbill turtle, as well as the importance of the community participation, systematic and standardized monitoring, and the urgency of generating plans and management units for their conservation in Rincón del Mar.PublishedReferee
Сравнительная характеристика мукомольных свойств новых сортов зерна пшеницы, тритикале и полбы
No full textTriticale and spelt grains are non-traditional types of plant raw materials that are promising for expanding the range of everyday products, healthy foods, as well as for the manufacture of food additives. A promising and relevant direction of scientific and practical research is the use of methods of biomechanical impact on the products of processing grain triticale and spelt grain in the form of flour, crumbs and bran to obtain food for general, functional and therapeutic purposes. The aim of the research is a comparative characteristic of the milling properties of new varieties of grain of wheat, triticale and spelt and the possibility of theit using for grinding into flour at existing grain processing enterprises. A comparative characteristic of the cereal-forming ability of new varieties of wheat, triticale and spelt has been carried out and it is revealed that the best cereal-forming ability belongs to the spelt grain of the "Gremme 2 U" variety, equal to 79.8 %, which is 4 % more than that of the wheat grain of the "Timiryazevskaya Jubilee" and 4.8 % of triticale grain of the "Timiryazevskaya 155" variety. It has been found that the highest flour yield under the same grinding regimes is obtained when grinding the grain of a new type of spelt "Gremme 2 U" amounted to 79.3 %. The largest amount of triticale flour of the highest grade T-60 is obtained from triticale grain of the "Timiryazevskaya 155" variety. The grain of wheat "Timiryazevskaya Jubilee" occupies an intermediate position both in terms of the total yield of flour and its quality compared to spelt and triticale. All three given new varieties of various crops have good flour-grinding properties and can be recommended for processing into high-quality bakery flour at flour mills when making grinding mixtures.Зерно тритикале и полбы относится к нетрадиционным видам растительного сырья, перспективным для расширения ассортимента продуктов повседневного спроса, продуктов здорового питания, а также для изготовления пищевых добавок. Перспективным и актуальным направлением научно-практических исследований является использование методов биомеханического воздействия на продукты переработки зерна тритикале и полбы в виде муки, крупок и отрубей с получением продуктов питания общего, функционального и лечебно-профилактического назначения. Цель исследований – сравнительная характеристика мукомольных свойств новых сортов зерна пшеницы, тритикале и полбы и возможности использования их для размола в муку на действующих предприятиях по переработке зерна. Получена сравнительная характеристика крупообразующей способности новых сортов зерна пшеницы, тритикале и полбы и выявлено, что наилучшей крупообразующей способностью обладает зерно полбы сорта "Греммэ 2 У", которая составила 79,8 %, что на 4 % больше, чем у зерна пшеницы сорта "Тимирязевская юбилейная" и 4,8 % зерна тритикале сорта "Тимирязевская 155". Установлено, что наибольший выход муки при одних и тех же режимах измельчения получился при размоле зерна нового сорта полбы "Греммэ 2 У" – 79,3 %. Наибольшее количество тритикалевой муки высшего сорта Т-60 удалось получить из зерна тритикале сорта "Тимирязевская 155". Зерно пшеницы "Тимирязевская юбилейная" занимает промежуточное положение как по общему выходу муки, так и по ее качеству по сравнению с полбой и тритикале. Все три представленные новые сорта различных культур обладают хорошими мукомольными свойствами и могут быть рекомендованы для переработки в сортовую хлебопекарную муку на мукомольных заводах при составлении помольных смесей.PublishedReferee
Характеристика зоопланктонного сообщества водоема-охладителя Ростовской атомной электростанции
No full textThis research was aimed at the investigation of the impact exerted by the waters, heated after passing through the Rostov NPP power units, on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the zooplankton both in spatial and temporal terms and on its distribution over the water body area in relation to the degree of artificial heating. The data were collected in the spring, summer and autumn seasons of 2019 in the areas of high and medium heating, as well as the ones influenced by the Tsimlyansk Reservoir waters, and in the head and tail races. The planktonic fauna was represented by 30 species. The main components of the zooplankton community were the members of the Brachionus (Pallas, 1766) and Keratella Bory de St. Vincent, 1822 genera for rotifers, Diaphanosoma brachyurum (Liévin, 1848) for cladocerans, brackishwater Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880) and small thermophilic species of Mesocyclops Sars, 1863 and Microcyclops Claus, 1893 genera for copepods. The area influenced by Tsimlyansk Reservoir waters was characterized by the highest values of quantitative parameters of zooplankters; their abundance and biomass were 53,493 ind./m3 and 287.9 mg/m3, respectively. The lowest values of quantitative parameters have been registered in the tail race of the RoNPP; the abundance equaled 1,826 ind./m3, and the biomass was 13.6 mg/m3. On average, during the growing season, the zooplankton abundance in the cooling pond in general was 27,853 ind./m3, with its biomass being 97.7 mg/m3, while in the tail race those values amounted to 5,267 ind./m3 and 25.0 mg/m3, respectively. Despite an increased background temperature and a significant decrease in the quantitative parameters in the tail race, the zooplankton community of the cooling pond was characterized by rich species composition and regular seasonal dynamics of quantitative parameters, which is typical for the water bodies in Southern Russia. The results of this investigation indicate a slight impact of the heated waters on the zooplankton community in the cooling pond of the RoNPP.Изучено влияние подогретых вод после прохождения через агрегаты Ростовской АЭС на количественные и качественные характеристики зоопланктона в пространственно-временном аспекте и его распределения по акватории водоема в зависимости от степени искусственного подогрева. Исследование проводили в весенний, летний и осенний периоды 2019 г. в зонах сильного и умеренного подогрева, влияния вод Цимлянского водохранилища, а также в подводящем и отводящем каналах. Планктонная фауна была представлена 30 видами. Основными элементами зоопланктонного сообщества среди коловраток явились представители р. Brachionus (Pallas, 1766) и р. Keratella Bory de St. Vincent, 1822, среди ветвистоусых — Diaphanosoma brachyurum (Liévin, 1848), среди веслоногих ракообразных — солоноватоводная Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880), мелкие теплолюбивые виды р. Mesocyclops Sars, 1863 и р. Microcyclops Claus, 1893. Зона влияния цимлянских вод характеризовалась наибольшими количественными показателями зоопланктеров: численность — 53493 экз./м3, биомасса — 287,9 мг/м3. Минимальные значения количественных показателей зоопланктона отмечены в отводящем канале РоАЭС: численность — 1826 экз./м3, биомасса — 13,6 мг/м3. В среднем за вегетационный сезон в самом водоеме-охладителе численность зоопланктона составляла 27853 экз./м3 и биомасса — 97,7 мг/м3, а в отводящем канале — 5267 экз./м3 и 25,0 мг/м3, соответственно. Несмотря на повышенный температурный фон и значительное снижение количественных показателей в отводящем канале, зоопланктонное сообщество водоема-охладителя характеризовалось богатым видовым составом и естественной сезонной динамикой количественных показателей, что соответствует водоемам Юга России. Проведенное исследование свидетельствует о незначительном влиянии подогретых вод на зоопланктонное сообщество водоема-охладителя РоАЭС.PublishedReferee
Taxonomical revision of Cambeva stawiarski (Miranda Ribeiro, 1968) (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) with the description of a new species from the Rio Iguaçu basin, Paraná State, Brazil.
No full textThe objective was to redescribe Cambeva stawiarski, using internal morphological data, external morphology, morphometry and meristic data, through the revision of the type-material and material deposited in fish collections. In this process, we have also added comments on the possible Cambeva stawiarski type-locality and described a new species of Cambeva, endemic to the Rio Iguaçu basin, Brazil. Cambeva stawiarski and the new species are diagnosed by the number of procurrent caudal-fin rays dorsally and ventrally; number of vertebrae; number of pectoral-fin rays; number of branchiostegal rays; small notch on the distal margin of the caudal-fin; head length; caudal peduncle depth; and the colouration pattern of the body. In addition, the species are compared with other possibly related species and the synapomorphic characters of these groups of species are discussed. With confirmation of the endemism of Cambeva stawiaski and the description of a new species of Cambeva for the Rio Iguaçu basin, we confirm important biogeographic patterns on the endemism of this hydrographic basin and in the use of osteological data in the description of Cambeva speciesO objetivo foi redescrever Cambeva stawiarski, com base em dados morfológicos internos, morfologia externa, morfometria e dados merísticos, por meio da revisão do material tipo e de material depositado em coleções ictiológicas. Neste processo, fora acrescentado comentários sobre a possível localidade-tipo de Cambeva stawiarski e descreveu-se uma nova espécie de Cambeva, endêmica da bacia do rio Iguaçu, Brasil. Cambeva stawiarski e a nova espécie são diagnosticadas pela combinação de caracteres como número de raios procurrentes caudais dorsais e ventrais; número de vértebras; número de raios na nadadeira peitoral; número de raios branquiostegais; nadadeira caudal com pequeno entalhe na margem distal; comprimento da cabeça; altura do pedúnculo caudal; e padrão de colorido do corpo. As espécies também são comparadas com outras espécies possivelmente relacionadas e os caracteres sinapomórficos desses grupos de espécies são discutidos. Com a confirmação do endemismo de Cambeva stawiarski e a descrição de uma nova espécie de Cambeva para a bacia do rio Iguaçu, confirmamos importantes padrões biogeográficos sobre o endemismo da bacia hidrográfica e sobre a utilização de dados osteológicos na descrição de espécies de Cambeva.Master