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Illustrated keys for the classification of Cuban marine and estuarine isopods (Crust acea, Peracarida): morphology and taxonomy
No full textLa mayoría de los táxones del subphylum Crustacea han sufrido numerosos ajustes taxonómicos. Los isópodos no han quedado ajenos a ello. Se trata del segundo grupo en importancia entre los peracáridos marinos en general y en el país, solo superados por los anfípodos. Se presenta la lista taxonómica actualizada de los isópodos marinos, estuarinos y semiterrestres, así como las claves dicotómicas y las figuras necesarias para la clasificación de los siete subórdenes, cinco superfamilias, 25 familias, 61 géneros y 121 especies, citados para el país. Se destaca la inclusión, por primera vez, de los isópodos parásitos de otros crustáceos, conocidos como epicarídeos, que resulta una novedad en la literatura cubana especializada. Finalmente, se ofrece una tabla cronológica de las especies, autores, años y localidades típicas previamente citadas para el país, así como un glosario de términos. La presente contribución concluye la serie de claves taxonómicas cubanas (cumáceos, mísidos, stygiomísidos, tanaidáceos y anfípodos) publicadas anteriormente sobre los crustáceos peracáridos de Cuba.Most of the taxa of the Subphylum Crustacea have undergone numerous taxonomic adjustments. The isopods have not been left out of it. It is the second most important group among marine peracarids in general and in the country, only surpassed by amphipods. The updated taxon omic list of marine, estuarine and semi-terrestrial isopods is presented, as well as the dichotomous keys and figures necessary for the classification of the 7 suborders, 5 superfamilies, 25 families, 61 genera and 121 species cited for the country. The inclusion for the first time of isopods parasitic on other crustaceans, known as epicarids, is a novelty in specialized Cuban literature. Finally, atable including the cronological list of the species, authors, years and type localities of the previous records as well as a glossary of terms are also presented. This contribution concludes the series of Cuban taxonomic keys (cumaceans, myisids, stygiomísids, tanaids and amphipods) previously carried out on Cuban peracarid crustaceans.PublishedReferee
Промыслово-биологические данные и ограничения рыболовства креветок в Черном и Азовском морях
No full textThis work indicates increasing fishing pressure on the shrimp populations in the Azov and Black Seas and analyzes possible negative impact of the shrimp harvesting on juvenile fish. An assessment of shrimp harvesting as it relates to sustainable fishing, harvesting and preservation of aquatic biological resources has been performed. The catches of shrimp and by-catches of other aquatic species with various shrimp harvesting gear in different areas of the Black Sea have been analyzed. The obtained fishery and biological data made it possible to elaborate the timeframe for the spawning-related ban on shrimp commercial harvesting and to recommend setting it on May 1 – July 14, as well as to propose increasing the minimum mesh size in the netting of shrimp harvesting gear from 6 to 8 mm and to show the prospects of harvesting gears with 10 mm mesh size. The data obtained have also been instrumental in revision of the time of the daily ban on the use of shrimp fyke nets in the Black Sea, which shifted their removal from the water body from 8 to 10 a.m. Revision of the restrictions on shrimp harvesting was carried out in terms of elaboration of the fishing rules for the Azov and Black Sea Fishery Basin.В работе отмечено увеличение промысловой нагрузки на популяции креветок в Черном и Азовском морях и дан анализ возможного негативного воздействия их промысла на молодь рыб. Выполнена оценка креветочного промысла для обеспечения устойчивого рыболовства и сохранения водных биоресурсов. Проанализированы уловы креветок и прилов других видов водных биоресурсов различными креветочными орудиями лова в разных районах Черного моря. Полученные промыслово-биологические данные позволили уточнить сроки нерестового запрета при промышленной добыче креветок и предложить установить их с 1 мая по 14 июля, а также увеличить минимальный размер ячеи в сетеполотне креветочных орудий лова с 6 до 8 мм и показать перспективность орудий лова с ячеей 10 мм. Полученные данные также позволили уточнить время суточного запрета на применение креветочных вентерей в Черном море, сместив ежедневное обязательство их снятия из водного объекта с 8:00 на 10:00 утра. Уточнение ограничений рыболовства креветок выполнено в рамках работ по совершенствованию Правил рыболовства для Азово-Черноморского рыбохозяйственного бассейна.PublishedReferee
Implications of climatic and anthropic factors for the assessment and management of the lobster Panulirus argus in the gulf of Batabano, Cuba.
No full textEn el golfo de Batabanó se obtiene el 79 % de la captura de langosta en Cuba, razón por la que este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el estado del recurso en la región, teniendo en cuenta la influencia de factores climáticos y antrópicos. Se empleó un modelo de evaluación basado en la estructura de edades, incluyendo la capacidad de almacenamiento de agua de los embalses y el Índice de Disipación de Energía de los ciclones en el ajuste de la relación stock-reclutamiento. El reclutamiento desciende desde 44,4 millones de langostas en 1983 a 33,0 millones en 1990 alcanzando valores actuales de 23,1 millones. A pesar de la disminución de la mortalidad por pesca a valores de F80%CMS, la biomasa y la captura se encuentran desde 2005 por debajo de los niveles esperados para un escenario ambiental desfavorable. Los efectos del represamiento de los ríos, agravado por la sinergia con el incremento de la actividad ciclónica, dificultan la recuperación del recurso. De mantenerse el nivel de reclutamiento actual, se espera una disminución de la producción por debajo de 2 750 t. En la etapa actual, 80%CMS para el escenario desfavorable es adecuado como PR precautorio para una captura total permisible.In the Gulf of Batabanó, 79 % of the lobster catch in Cuba is obtained, which is why this work aimed to evaluate the state of the resource in the region, taking into account the influence of climatic and anthropic factors. An assessment model based on the age structure was used, including the water storage capacity of the reservoirs and the Energy Dissipation Index of the cyclones in the adjustment of the stock-recruitment relationship. Recruitment decreased from 44,4 million lobsters in 1983 to 33,0 million in 1990, reaching current values of 23,1 million. Despite the decrease in fishing mortality at values of F80%CMS, since 2005 biomass and catch have been below the levels expected for an unfavorable environmental scenario. The effects of the damming of rivers, aggravated by the synergy with the increase in cyclonic activity, make it difficult to recover the resource. If the current level of recruitment is maintained, a decrease in production below 2 750 t is expected. At the current stage, 80%MSY for the unfavorable scenario is adequate as a precautionary RP for a total allowable catch.PublishedReferee
Ảnh hưởng của phương pháp tách mảnh đến hiệu quả sinh sản của hải quỳ Stichodactyla haddoni
No full textThis study examines the effect of half and quarter separation methods by fragmentation for culture sea anemone Stichodactyla haddoni (with mouth diameter 28.97±1.37 cm, foot diameter 9.39±0.44 cm, weight 1466.78 ± 192.13g) after 90 days in recirculating aquaculture systems. Research using a completely randomized design with three treatments: control, 1 to 2 individuals and 1 to 4 individuals. Each treatment repeated three replications. The results show that the survival was high, with 88.89±11.111% in control and 88.89 ±5.556% in the anemones cut in half, and 72.22±2,778 % cut in quarters (p>0.05). There was a difference in growth in mouth diameter (p0.05). Anemones were cut in half larger, less stressed, and grow faster than the quartered individuals, but the number of anemones from the quaternary separation method was higher. Experiments show that both fragmentation methods are highly effective and can be used to breed Stichodactyla haddoni anemone.PublishedReferee
Installation of seafloor geodetic observation system on the S/V Heiyo.
No full textThe Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan Coast Guard (JHOD) installed an acoustic transducer on the bottoms of the S/V Meiyo (550 tons) in March 2008, the S/V Takuyo (2,400 tons) in February 2010, the S/V Kaiyo (550 tons) in March 2012, and the S/V Shoyo (3,000 tons) in November 2012 and started sailing GNSS-Acoustic (GNSS-A) observations. The JHOD also installed a seafloor geodetic observation system on the New S/V Heiyo (4,000 tons) in January 2020 for more efficient and precise seafloor positioning. In this report, we discuss the outline of the seafloor crustal movement observation system installed in the S/V Heiyo, the position measurement method and the measurement results of the GNSS antenna and the transducer, and the results of the test observationPublishedReferee
Proceedings of the Seminar on Advances in Fishery Post-Harvest Technology in Southeast Asia: Singapore, 6-11 May, 1991
No full textNatural and liquid smoking of striped catfish (Pangasius sutchi), chub mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysonus), squid (Loligo edulis) and green mussel (Mytilus viridis) were compared to evaluate the feasibility of liquid smoking of these products. The appropriate brine concentration and brining time as well as liquid smoke concentration and soaking time for each product were determined. The acceptability of these smoked products was tested by sensory evaluation using a nine-point hedonic scale. The characteristics of the products judged were colour, flavour, odour, texture and overall acceptability. A panel of 14 judges was drawn from the faculty members and students of the Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries. The results were statistically analyzed using Student s t-test. The appropriate brine concentration and brining time for striped catfish, chub mackerel, squid and green mussel were 15% for 7 min; 20% for 30 min; 15% for 10 min and 5% for 4 min, respectively. The suitable liquid smoke concentration and soaking time for striped catfish and chub mackerel were 10% for 15 min; for squid and green mussel the appropriate concentration and soaking time were 6% for 15 min and 1% for 2 min respectively. The sensory evaluation scores of both natural and liquid smoked products were comparable. The scores for colour, flavour, odour, texture and overall acceptability of striped catfish, chub mackerel and green mussel were not significantly different. However, the score for odour of liquid smoked squid was significantly lower than that of natural smoked squid (P=0.05) but all other characteristic scores were not significantly different
Đánh giá môi trường nước ven bờ huyện Cần Giờ - thành phố Hồ Chí Minh bằng chỉ số chất lượng nước
No full textAssessment of water quality plays an essential role in controlling and monitoring environmental quality for economic development. Based on the monitoring results in 2018-2019, the paper aims to classify the water quality based on SQWI in the coastal waters of Can Gio district, Ho Chi Minh City. Although the SQWI value increased from 35 (in 2018) to 82 (in 2019), the water environment was not considered polluted. However, the results also warn of the pollution level due to high SQWI coliform in Cau Den and Long Hoa in the rainy season.PublishedReferee
Phytoplankton community in the Anthropocene: effects of climate change and eutrophication.
No full textIn the era of the Anthropocene, the effects of climate change on the freshwater ecosystems are clearly complex, since warming and different temperature related drivers influence interacting physical, biogeochemical and biological processes. Climate change is predicted to have huge impacts on the Earth’s ecosystems through temperature increase, changed patterns of precipitation, more frequent extreme weather events, and combinations of these thus, climate change may become one of the major drivers affecting the diversity, composition, structure, and functioning of ecological communities over the next several decades. In this thesis, composed of two papers, we evaluate the effects of multiple factors related to climate change on the natural phytoplankton community. In the first one, we conducted an indoor experiment to test how increasing temperatures influence natural phytoplankton diversity and CO2 emissions in eutrophic ecosystems. Our results experimentally show that, under future scenarios of climate warming, the phytoplankton community composition can respond strongly, affecting ecosystem functions such as biomass production, resource use efficiency, carbon flux balance. Warming clearly aggravated the negative effects of eutrophication through the enhancement of cyanobacteria, all other factors being equal. Since the suggestion that eutrophication may promote climate change by increasing the release of greenhouse gases from fresh waters, it has been found that eutrophication may interact with warming via a positive feedback to atmospheric CH4 emissions. Here, we also found experimental evidence of a positive feedback between the major eutrophication symptom (cyanobacterial blooms) and warming, via higher CO2 emission rates in cyanobacteria dominated warmer systems, besides other changes in key ecosystem functions. In the second paper, we conducted an indoor short-term experiment to test how the natural phytoplankton community subjected to different temperatures reacted to the stressors of climate change (warming, eutrophication, extremes rainfall events) can affect the ecosystem stability. We find that the phytoplankton communities responds differently to disturbances. The environments with cyanobacterial blooms have benefited and proved to be resilient to the extremes rainfall events. In contrast, environments less stressed by warming have a slower response to the event of extreme rainfall, and that they often do not recover their biomass before the extreme rainfall event. Thus, given the multiple effects of climate change, the most stressed environments have greater ecosystem stability (resilience, resistance, and recovery) when compared to the least stressed. In summary, the findings of this thesis, we have experimental evidence with phytoplankton community, that climate change will profoundly affect ecosystem functions (e.g., biomass production, energy transfer, and carbon cycle). In this sense, we hope to contribute with policies to prevent or mitigate the ecological impacts of climate change.Na era do Antropoceno, os efeitos das mudanças climáticas nos ecossistemas aquáticos continentais apresentam múltiplos fatores, uma vez que o aquecimento e os diferentes fatores relacionados às mudanças climáticas influenciam os processos físicos, biogeoquímicos e biológicos. As mudanças climáticas causam impactos relevantes nos ecossistemas da Terra por meio do aumento da temperatura, mudanças nos padrões de precipitação, eventos climáticos extremos mais frequentes, mudanças nas concentrações de CO2, entre outros. Os efeitos das mudanças climáticas somam-se aos efeitos contínuos de outros fatores globais e locais que afetam a diversidade, composição, estrutura e funcionamento das comunidades ecológicas, como eutrofização, fragmentação do habitat, mudanças no uso da terra e mudanças nos ciclos biogeoquímicos. Assim, esta tese é composta por dois segmentos. Para o primeiro segmento, desenvolveu-se um experimento para testar como o aumento das temperaturas influencia a diversidade fitoplanctônica e as emissões de CO2 em ambientes eutróficos. Os resultados mostraram que, em cenários futuros de aquecimento, a composição da comunidade fitoplanctônica é alterada, afetando funções do ecossistema, como produção de biomassa, eficiência no uso de recursos e balanço de fluxo de carbono. O aquecimento agravou os efeitos negativos da eutrofização através do aumento das cianobactérias. Encontrou-se que a eutrofização pode promover mudanças climáticas, aumentando a liberação de gases de efeito estufa com evidências experimentais de um feedback positivo entre o principal sintoma de eutrofização (florações de cianobactérias) e o aquecimento, por meio de taxas de emissão de CO2 mais altas em sistemas mais quentes dominados por cianobactérias, além de outras mudanças nas principais funções do ecossistema. No segundo segmento, conduziu-se um experimento de curto prazo para testar como diferentes comunidades fitoplanctônicas naturais, promovidas por diferentes regimes de temperatura, reagiram a um evento de chuva extrema simulada e, assim, analisar a estabilidade e resiliência do ecossistema. Constatou-se que as comunidades fitoplanctônicas submetidas a diferentes temperaturas responderam de forma diferente aos distúrbios. As comunidades dominadas por florações de cianobactérias se beneficiaram e mostraram-se resilientes ao evento de chuvas extremas. Em contraste, as comunidades supostamente menos estressadas pelo aquecimento tiveram uma resposta mais lenta ao evento de chuvas extremas e não recuperaram a biomassa antes do evento de chuvas extremas. Descobriu-se que as comunidades aparentemente mais estressadas (ou seja, sob a temperatura mais alta) têm maior estabilidade do ecossistema (resiliência, resistência e recuperação) quando comparadas às comunidades menos estressadas. Em suma, a evidência experimental indica que as mudanças climáticas afetarão profundamente a estrutura da comunidade e algumas funções do ecossistema (por exemplo, produção de biomassa, transferência de energia e ciclo do carbono). Destaca-se a necessidade de fortalecer as políticas e medidas locais para prevenir ou mitigar os impactos ecológicos das mudanças climáticas.Ph
Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS): sound scientific ocean management and conservation starts with comprehensive biodiversity and biogeographic data.
No full textOBIS in a nutshell Accessible high-quality data on ocean biodiversity and biogeography is key to an information-driven approach to restore our ocean and curb future degradation. Following from the to date largest effort to decrypt the mysteries of our ocean – the Census of Marine Life - the Ocean Biodiversity Information system (OBIS) was created to collate existing and manage new information on the diversity, abundance and distribution of marine life. OBIS goes beyond traditional data archives. In addition to making an integrated product of the archived data, OBIS trains and educates its members and collaborators to collect and standardise marine data in a way that makes the data findable, accessible, interoperable and easily reusable by others. The OBIS database captures the full spectrum of marine diversity both in the types organisms and data, such as abundance, habitat, or even genetic. In providing open-access data, OBIS removes barriers of historic inequality and fosters fair access to and benefit-sharing of information. It is a community built on the culture of collaboration and the plurality of perspectives and ideas of its network. Ultimately, by sharing expertise and data, OBIS is shaping the design and delivery of data-driven ocean knowledge to promote nature-based solutions contributing to the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.OPENASFA INPUT
Brochure on the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) programme.PublishedNot Know
Содержание кадмия и мышьяка во внутренностях рапаны и определение возможности их переработки
No full textThis work presents the data on the content of cadmium and arsenic in the viscera (visceral mass) of the veined rapa whelk Rapana venosa caught in the Azov Sea (Kerch Strait) and the Black Sea (Feodosia Gulf). In the viscera of the individuals from the Azov Sea, cadmium content was 8.6 mg/kg, and for the individuals from the Black Sea, this value was 3.5, with the allowable level 2.0 mg/kg as stipulated by TR CU 021/2011. Cadmium content in various internal organs of the investigated veined rapa whelk individuals varied. The highest content of cadmium (48 mg/kg) was recorded in the kidney of the individuals caught in the Azov Sea; cadmium content in the digestive gland also exceeded the allowable level. Arsenic content in the viscera of the individuals from the Azov Sea exceeded the allowable level by 7.8 %; this value was significantly lower for the Black Sea (0.1 mg/kg, while the established norm is 5.0 mg/kg). In several organs of the individuals from the Azov Sea (namely, the kidney, ovaries/testes, and digestive gland), arsenic content was within the normal values established by the regulations. The product derived from veined rapa whelk through enzymolysis and subsequent concentration by evaporation, was characterized by increased content of cadmium and arsenic. In terms of cadmium and arsenic content, ovaries and testes of the investigated individuals proved to be safe for consumption; their yield amounts to 10.9 % out of the entire visceral mass, and it is possible to use them as a source of valuable nutrients.В работе приведены данные о содержании кадмия и мышьяка во внутренностях (висцеральной массе) рапаны Rapana venosa, выловленной в Азовском море (Керченский пролив) и Черном море (Феодосийский залив). Во внутренностях рапаны из Азовского моря содержание кадмия составляло 8,6 мг/кг, у рапаны из Черного моря — 3,5 мг/кг при допустимом уровне 2,0 мг/кг в соответствии с ТР ТС 021/2011. Отмечено различное содержание кадмия во внутренних органах рапаны. Почка рапаны, выловленной в Азовском море, является органом с самым высоким содержанием кадмия (48 мг/кг), несоответствие кадмия допустимому уровню установлено также в пищеварительной железе. Содержание мышьяка во внутренностях рапаны из Азовского моря на 7,8 % превышало допустимый уровень, у рапаны из Черного моря было значительно ниже — 0,1 мг/кг (норма 5,0 мг/кг). В отдельных органах рапаны из Азовского моря (почка, яичник/семенник, пищеварительная железа) содержание мышьяка отвечало установленным требованиям. Продукт, полученный в результате ферментолиза и последующего упаривания ферментолизата, характеризовался повышенным содержанием кадмия и мышьяка. Безопасными по содержанию кадмия и мышьяка являлись яичники/семенники рапаны, выход которых составлял 10,9 % от массы внутренностей. Они могут быть использованы для получения ценных нутриентов.PublishedNon Referee