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Ихтиопланктон территориального моря и исключительной экономической зоны России в Черном море
No full textSurvival rate of a generation at the embryonic and larval stages of the life cycle plays a crucial role in the formation of fish stocks. The data on the distribution of the fish individuals at the early stages of their development allow for the mitigation of anthropogenic negative impact on the stocks of aquatic living resources. This study has been aimed at the investigation of the species composition and abundance of thermophilic and psychrophilic fish species at the early stages of their development in the Russian territorial waters and exclusive economic zone in the Black Sea, as well as the assessment of their status in these areas. Sampling was conducted using a cone-shaped ichthyoplankton net with 80 cm diameter opening (IKS-80), off the board of the vessel going through the circling motion at 3 knot speed for 10 minutes. In the summer season, the major share of the individuals caught at their embryonic stages of development is comprised by the European anchovy, red mullet, Atlantic horse mackerel, and annular seabream eggs. Among early juveniles, the larvae of gobies, blennies, and pipefishes prevail. It has been found out that the highest diversity of the fish species at their early stages of development is recorded in the summer season: 58 species in the territorial waters, and 14 species in the exclusive economic zone. Winter ichthyoplankton is not very diverse—only 4 species have been recorded. In the territorial waters, littoral fish species at their early stages of development prevail. Ichthyoplankton catches in the exclusive economic zone are mostly comprised by pelagic zooplanktivorous and pelagic carnivorous species. In the winter ichthyoplankton catches, both in the territorial waters and in the exclusive economic zone, eggs and early juveniles of 4 fish species are recorded: European sprat (eggs and larvae), whiting (eggs and larvae), shore rockling (larvae), and sand lance (larvae). Low species diversity of the ichthyoplankton during the winter season results from the low number of winter-spawning species.Большое значение для формирования запасов рыб имеет выживаемость поколений на эмбриональном и личиночном этапах жизненного цикла. Знание распределения ранних стадий развития рыб даст возможность снизить отрицательные последствия воздействия деятельности человека на запасы водных биоресурсов. Целью исследования являлось определение видового состава и численности ранних стадий развития рыб теплолюбивого и холодолюбивого комплексов в территориальном море и исключительной экономической зоне России в Черном море и их статуса в указанных районах. Отбор проб проводился ихтиопланктонной конусной сетью с диаметром входного отверстия 80 см (ИКС-80) с борта судна при его циркуляции на скорости 3 узла в течение 10 минут. В летние месяцы основную часть уловов эмбриональных стадий развития составляют икра хамсы, барабули, ставриды и морского карася. Среди ранней молоди постоянно доминируют личинки бычков, морских собачек и морских игл. Выявлено, что наибольшее разнообразие ранних стадий развития рыб в российской части Черного моря отмечается в летний период в территориальном море — 58 видов, в то время как в исключительной экономической зоне насчитывается 14 видов. Зимний ихтиопланктон малочисленен — отмечено всего 4 вида. В территориальном море преобладают ранние стадии развития прибрежных видов рыб. Основу уловов ихтиопланктона в исключительной экономической зоне составляют пелагические зоопланктофаги и пелагические хищники. В зимних уловах ихтиопланктона, как в территориальном море, так и в исключительной экономической зоне, отмечены икра и ранняя молодь 4 видов рыб: шпрот (икра и личинки), мерланг (икра и личинки), морской налим (личинки) и песчанка (личинки). Низкое видовое разнообразие ихтиопланктона в зимний период определяется малым количеством видов зимненерестующих рыб.PublishedReferee
Short–term response of water physicochemical parameters to the hydrological rehabilitation of channels in mangroves from Cispata, Colombian Caribbean
No full textSe evaluó la respuesta en el corto plazo (< seis meses) de parámetros fisicoquímicos del agua a la rehabilitación hidrológica (RH) de caños colmatados en manglares de Cispata, Caribe colombiano. Entre septiembre 2018 y septiembre 2019 se midieron parámetros fisicoquímicos antes y después de la RH. Se calculó el Índice de Calidad de Aguas Marinas y Costeras (ICAMPFF) en caños y ciénagas. La calidad del agua antes de la RH en algunas estaciones era pésima, en otras inadecuada y aceptable; después de cinco meses de la RH, la calidad fue aceptable en todas las estaciones. Después de la RH la salinidad y temperatura del agua dentro del manglar disminuyeron a valores adecuados para las plántulas de mangles. En el corto plazo, la RH mejoró significativamente las condiciones fisicoquímicas del agua en caños, ciénagas y dentro del manglar para la preservación de fauna y plántulas de mangles. Los resultados son aplicables en la gestión de la restauración de manglares y su manejo adaptativo.The present study evaluated the short–term response (PublishedReferee
Winter Biogeochemical Cycling of Dissolved and Particulate Cadmium in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean (GEOTRACES GIpr07 Transect).
No full textWinter distributions of dissolved cadmium (dCd) and particulate cadmium (pCd) were measured for the first time in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean thereby contributing a unique spatial and seasonal dataset. Seven depth profiles, between 41°S and 58°S, were collected along the 30°E longitude during the 2017 austral winter to investigate the biogeochemical cycling of cadmium during a period characterized by contrasting upper water column dynamics compared to summer. Our results support an important role for biological uptake during winter months albeit weaker compared to summer. Distinct, biologically driven changes in cadmium cycling across the transect were observed. For example, surface ratios of pCd to phosphorus (P; pCd:P) increased from 0.37 to 1.07 mmol mol–1 between the subtropical zone (STZ) and the Antarctic zone (AAZ) reflecting increased Cd requirements for diatoms at higher latitudes which, in turn, was driven by a complex relationship between the availability of dCd and dissolved iron (dFe), zinc (dZn) and manganese (dMn). Vertical profiles of pCd:P displayed near-surface maxima consistent with (1) P occurring in two phases with different labilities and the lability of Cd being somewhere in-between and (2) increasing dCd to phosphate (PO4; dCd:PO4) ratios with depth at each station. North of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF), a secondary, deeper pCd:P maximum may reflect an advective signal associated with northward subducting Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). The strong southward increase in surface dCd and dCd:PO4, from approximately 10–700 pmol kg–1 and 40–400 μmol mol–1, respectively, reflected the net effect of preferential uptake and regeneration of diatoms with high Cd content and the upwelling of Cd enriched water masses in the AAZ. Furthermore, distinct dCd versus PO4 relationships were observed in each of the intermediate and deep water masses suggesting that dCd and PO4 distributions at depth are largely the result of physical water mass mixing.Challenge 4, 9PublishedReferee
Prevalencia de fibropapilomas en juveniles de Chelonia mydas (Testudines, Cheloniidae) y calidad ambiental de su hábitat en el norte de Villa Clara, Cuba
No full textIn Cuba, juvenile green turtles affected by fibropapillomatosis have increased; however, neither animals’ life quality nor their habitat quality has been evaluated. Therefore our objectives were to assess green turtles’ habitat quality in the Wildlife Refuge “Lanzanillo- Pajonal-Fragoso” and to evaluate the severity of the fibropapillomatosis and the body con- dition of affected sea turtles. From October/2013 to December/2019, 48 juvenile green turtles stranded or entangled were spotted (19 were measured). Spearman correlation was uses to determine annual variation of juveniles’ size. Body condition was assessed based on plastron characteristics and muscle mass. In ten individuals, tumors were counted accord- ingtotheirsizeandposition.ForaginghabitatqualitywasassessedwiththeEcologicalEval- uation Index and the Ecological Status Index using the proportion of opportunistic and late successional macroalgal groups. The presence/absence of seven heavy metals (cobalt, chromium, iron, germanium, mercury, manganese and nickel) was determined in Thalas- sia testudinum and Syringodium filiforme using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Habitat quality was moderate to high according to the ecological index and the presence of Mn, Hg, Fe and Cr in morethan30%ofseagrasssamples.Fibropapillomatosisprevalencewasof 69 % (28/41) in stranded individuals and 43 % (3/7) in entangled. The severity score was very high in the 52 % of animals (13/25). Tumors predominated in the anterior region of their body. Habitat quality may be related with the presence of fibropapilloma since most of afflicted sea turtles where found in stations with moderate quality and the presence of heavy metals.En Cuba han aumentado los juveniles de tortuga verde con fibropapiloma pero no se ha evaluado su calidad de vida ni la del ambiente donde viven. Por ello, nuestros objetivos fueron determinar la calidad del hábitat de tortuga verde en el RF “Lanzanillo-Pajonal- Fragoso” y evaluar la severidad de la fibropapilomatosis y la condición corporal de las tortugas afectadas. Entre octubre/2013 y diciembre/2019 se evaluaron 48 juveniles de tortuga verde (19 fueron medidos). Se aplicó la correlación de Spearman para determinar la variación anual de sus tallas. La condición corporal se evaluó mediante las características del plastrón y la masa muscular. En diez individuos se contaron los tumores por tamaño y posición en el cuerpo. Se evaluó la calidad del hábitat mediante el Índice de Eva- luación Ecológica y el de Estatus Ecológico. Se determinó la presencia/ausencia de siete metales pesados (cobalto, cromo, hierro, germanio, mercurio, manganeso y níquel) en pastos marinos mediante espectrometría por fluorescencia de ra- yos X. La calidad del hábitat es de moderada a alta según los índices ecológicos mientras que se encontró Mn, Hg, Fe y Cr en más del 30 % de las muestras de pastos marinos. La prevalencia de fibropapiloma en individuos varados fue del 69 % y del 43 % en los capturados por pescadores. El índice de severidad fue muy alto en el 52 % de los animales. Los tumores predominaron en la región anterior del cuerpo. La mayoría de los individuos con tumores se encontró en las estaciones que presentaron una calidad moderada y la pre- sencia de metales pesados.PublishedReferee
Avoidance of common problems on ponds and lakes.
No full textThis report looks at the events that results in fish deaths on ponds and lakes, and how to control and avoid them. Problems include de-oxygenation of the water, algal growth, water temperature, excessive fish stocks, excessive weed growth and excessive zooplanktonEnvironment Agency Archives North Wes
Exploration of benthic foraminifera community in sediment of three cuban mesophotic reefs
No full textLos arrecifes coralinos están entre los ecosistemas marinos más amenazados por el hom- bre y el cambio climático sin embargo, los arrecifes mesofóticos han sido poco estudiados, debido a que las profundidades en las que se encuentran adicionan dificultades para su estudio, aunque en los últimos años han sido de mayor interés para la ciencia a partir de la teoría de que la profundidad los protege de los factores de estrés regionales y globales que afectan a los arrecifes “someros”. Por ello, se realizó una expedición conjunta Cuba- Estados Unidos en el año 2017, con el objetivo de mapear y documentar el alcance y la salud de los arrecifes de coral mesofóticos a lo largo de toda la costa de Cuba. En dicho viaje, se extrajeron 3 muestras de sedimentos de 3 arrecifes mesofóticos diferentes, con el objetivo de explorar la comunidad foraminíferos de bentónicos. Se identificaron 14 es- pecies de foraminíferos como nuevos registros para la diversidad marina de Cuba. Esta información podría contribuir a una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos que regulan a estos ecosistemas marinos y pudiera sentar las bases para el empleo de estas comunidades, como indicadores de condiciones ambientales en los arrecifes mesofóticos pues ya se utili- zan en arrecifes someros.Coral reefs are among the marine ecosystems most threatened by man and climate change. However, mesophotic reefs have been little studied, because the depths at which they are found add difficulties to their research. Although in recent years they have been of greater interest to science, due to the theory that depth protects them from regional and global stressors affecting “shallow” reefs. For this reason, a joint Cuba-United States expedition was carried out in 2017, with the aim of mapping and documenting the scope and health of mesophotic coral reefs along the entire coast ofCuba. During this journey, 3 sediment samples were extracted from 3 different mesophotic reefs in order to characterize the benthic foraminifera community. It was observed that foraminifera communities. Fourteen species from this group were identified as new records for Cuban marine diversity. This information could contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms that regulate these marine ecosystems. It could also lay the foundations for the use of these communities as indicators of environmental conditions in mesophotic reefs, as they are already used in shallow reefs.PublishedReferee
Труды АзНИИРХ. Том 3
No full textComplex studies of biological resources and aquaculture utilization, biological foundation of valuable fish species reproduction, aquaculture, ecological problems and nature protection measure in the fishery water bodies of the Azov and Black Seas Basin.В сборнике научных трудов рассмотрены вопросы комплексного использования биоресурсов, аквакультуры, биологические основы воспроизводства ценных промысловых рыб в Азово- Черноморском рыбохозяйственном бассейне, а также проблемы экологии и природоохраны рыбохозяйственных водоемов.PublishedNon Referee
Estimation of condition factor of Bengal Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus cynoglossus) in the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.
No full textThe Bay of Bengal is rich with its biological diversity, which plays an important role in the country's economic and social development. This study describes the condition factor of Cynoglossus cynoglossus in the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. Samples were collected from the Bay of Bengal during January to December 2020. Body weight (BW) of fishes were taken by an electric balance with 0.01 g precision, and total length (TL) was measured using a measuring board to the nearest 0.1 cm accuracy. The Fulton’s condition factor was estimated by the equation: KF =100 × (BW/TL3). Total length and body weight ranged from 10.0-38.7 cm (mean ± SD = 24.24 ± 6.30) and 9.1-280.6 g (98.44 ± 57.79), respectively. The value of Fulton’s condition factor was observed as 0.6469 (SD = 0.1148), indicating unstable physiological condition of fish in Bay of Bengal. The outcomes of this study will be helpful for sustainable management of C. cynoglossus in the Bay of Bengal and use as baseline information for further studies.PublishedReferee
Lessons learnt and best practices of managing coastal risk from local communities’ perspectives: technical report.
No full textThe coast forms a dynamic, interface zone where the land and sea realms meet and is characterised by some of the world’s most sensitive ecosystems, such as mangroves, wetlands, coral reefs, dunes and beaches. Unlike watersheds, coastal areas have no natural, clear nor precise boundaries. They are subjected continuously to the natural processes of weathering, coastal erosion, coastal flooding and sea-level rise. The impacts of these processes and events vary from one coastal zone to another depending on the geology and geomorphology of the coast and its exposure to natural processes. As the interface between land and sea, coastal areas perform many essential functions like natural protection against storms, regulation of water exchange between land and sea, regulation of the chemical composition of sediments and water, storage and recycling of nutrients and maintenance of biological and genetic diversity. From socio-economic perspectives, coastal zones are important settlement areas which play a critical role in the wealth creation of many nations as they offer access to fisheries and commerce, proximity to rich agricultural lowlands, aesthetic landscapes as well as cultural and recreational opportunities.OpenASFA inputPublishedReferee
Transformational Opportunities for People, Ocean, and Planet.
No full textIn 2020, the Blue Climate Initiative engaged with sixty multidisciplinary scientists and academic experts to identify the most promising Transformational Opportunities (TOPS) to address climate change using the power of the ocean, while serving humanity’s needs. Their insights are published in six thematic papers centered on food and nutrition, marine energy and transportation, biodiversity and nature-based solutions, mineral and genetic resources, health and well-being, and sustainable tourism. This Compendium presents over forty such TOPS that can sustain Earth’s people, steward our ocean, and heal our planet.Challenge 8;
Challenge 10PublishedReferee