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The Lake Tanganyika sardine, sprat and perch value chain in the United Republic of Tanzania : Summary report.
No full textThis report presents the results of the value chain analysis of the Lake Tanganyika sprat, sardine and perch value chain in The United Republic of Tanzania conducted from 2021-2022 by the value chain development programme FISH4ACP. This report contains a functional analysis of the value chain, assesses its sustainability and resilience, develops an upgrading strategy and an implementation plan to which FISH4ACP will contribute. FISH4ACP is an initiative of the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States (OACPS) aimed at making fisheries and aquaculture value chains in twelve OACPS member countries more sustainable. It contributes to food and nutrition security, economic prosperity and job creation by ensuring the economic, social and environmental sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific. FISH4ACP is implemented by FAO with funding from the European Union (EU) and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).PublishedReferee
Особенности процесса выращивания молоди русского осетра на Донском осетровом заводе в 2021 г.
No full textThis work considers the results of the Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt, 1833) controlled reproduction in the Don Sturgeon Hatchery in 2021. The data on hydrochemical and hydrobiological characteristics of the environment at various stages of the production cycle are presented. Reproductive and biological characteristics of the breeders from the cultivated broodstock have been investigated. In this spawning campaign, 106 females were used; for 50 % of them, it was the second or third spawning. The body weight and condition factor of the sturgeon females were within the prescribed norm; their majority was represented by the repeat-spawning individuals. The eggs produced by these individuals were of high quality. Their fertilization, hatching, and larvae survival rates exceeded the standard values. However, the growth rate of the juveniles at the final stage of their rearing in the ponds under the mixed method of cultivation was relatively low, which could be attributed to the poor food resources provided by the ponds. The duration of rearing the juveniles in the ponds was extended to 60 days as compared to standard 40–50 days. Sturgeon juveniles released in a natural water body were morphologically well-developed, and their physiological status was satisfactory. Analysis of the data collected in the course of operational monitoring of the Don Sturgeon Hatchery made it possible to identify “bottlenecks” in the biotechnological practice of sturgeon reproduction. The violations in the practice of handling the sturgeon spawners in the Don Sturgeon Hatchery that occurred in 2021 resulted from the lack of facilities and production capacity for pre-spawning retaining of reproducing individuals. The decrease in the efficiency of sturgeon juveniles growth was predicated upon low productivity of the ponds. In 2021, 3.45 million ind. of the Russian sturgeon juveniles were obtained in the Don Sturgeon Hatchery. The exploitation rate of sturgeon spawners was high and equaled to 32.55 thousand hatchlings per one female.В работе рассмотрены результаты воспроизводства осетра русского (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt, 1833) на Донском осетровом заводе в 2021 г. Представлены данные гидрохимических и гидробиологических показателей среды на разных этапах технологического цикла. Рассмотрено рыбоводно-биологическое качество производителей из ремонтно-маточного стада. В нерестовой кампании было использовано 106 самок, из них 50 % самок — это особи второго-третьего нереста. Самки осетра характеризовались нормативной массой тела, хорошей упитанностью, большинство из них были представлены особями повторных нерестов. Икра, полученная от этих рыб, была хорошего рыбоводного качества. Показатели оплодотворения икры, выклева и выживаемости личинок были выше нормативных значений. Невысокие показатели роста молоди на заключительном этапе выращивания в прудах при комбинированном методе были обусловлены слабым развитием кормовой базы прудов. Длительность выращивания молоди в прудах была увеличена до 60 суток при нормативном значении 40–50 суток. Молодь осетра, выпущенная в естественный водоем, была морфологически сформирована, характеризовалась удовлетворительным физиологическим состоянием. Анализ материалов, полученных в процессе мониторинга деятельности Донского осетрового завода, позволил определить узкие места в биотехническом процессе воспроизводства осетра. Нарушения биотехники работы с производителями осетровых рыб на ДОЗ в 2021 г. связаны с недостатком производственных мощностей для преднерестового выдерживания производителей. Снижение эффективности выращивания молоди осетра определяется низким развитием естественной кормовой базы в прудах. В 2021 г. на Донском осетровом заводе было получено 3,45 млн экз. молоди осетра русского. Эффективность использования производителей осетра была высокой и составила 32,55 тыс. экз. молоди на одну самку.PublishedReferee
Бактериальные заквасочные культуры – основа для разработки пробиотических рыбных продуктов
No full textIn food biotechnology, special attention is paid to biotransformation of bacterial starter cultures by promising strains for obtaining food products with improved quality characteristics and functionality. Bacterial starters can be used in biotransformation to increase the storage life of fish products, improving their organoleptic characteristics and increasing their nutritional value due to the formation of their life activity metabolites, which are the main factor of bioconservation and synthesis of vitamins and other biologically active substances. Probiotic characteristics of bacterial starter cultures have a significant impact on optimization of the microbiological status of the human digestive tract, which helps to stimulate the immune system and maintain a healthy lifestyle. The use of industrially valuable strains of bioprotective probiotic microorganisms is a promising biotechnological trend. This trend is related to the interest of the population of the Russian Federation in probiotic products.В пищевой биотехнологии особое внимание уделяется биотрансформации перспективными штаммами бактериальных заквасочных культур для получения пищевой продукции с улучшенными качественными характеристиками и функциональной направленностью. Биотрансформация с использованием бактериальных заквасочных культур может быть способом повышения сроков годности рыбной продукции, улучшения ее органолептических свойств и повышения питательной ценности за счет образования метаболитов их жизнедеятельности, являющихся основным фактором биоконсервирования и синтеза витаминов и других биологически активных веществ. Пробиотические свойства бактериальных заквасочных культур оказывают существенное влияние на оптимизацию микробиологического статуса пищеварительного тракта человека, что способствует стимулированию иммунной системы и поддержанию здорового образа жизни. Использование промышленно ценных штаммов биозащитных пробиотических микроорганизмов является перспективным биотехнологическим направлением. Эта тенденция связана с интересом населения РФ к продукции с пробиотической направленностью.PublishedNon Referee
Tank-Based Nursery Production of the Sea Cucumber Holothuria scabra in Various Seaweed Feed Regimens
No full textThis study explored the feasibility of Laurencia papillosa, Sargassum spp, and Gracilaria bailinae crude extracts as feeds for the juvenile sea cucumber Holothuria scabra in a tank-based system. Post-metamorphic juveniles (~1 mm) were harvested from larval tanks and were reared until the late juvenile stage in indoor tank systems at 300 ind./tank stocking density for 45 days. Growth and survival rates of H. scabra juveniles were monitored to assess the performance of each seaweed treatment. L. papillosa consistently yielded the best growth (SGR: 7.63-11.32%.d-1) and highest survival rates (54.6–56.8%) of H. scabra juveniles. The performance of L. papillosa did not differ from that of Sargassum spp., while G. bailinae yielded poor growth (SGR of 5.01–9.38%.d-1) and low survivorship of juveniles (8.77–19.77%). Growth and survival rates were similar between fresh and dried seaweeds (p>0.05), suggesting dried seaweeds' applicability as feeds for juvenile H. scabra. Moreover, increased feed rations resulted in better growth of juveniles, but survival rates among feed rations (4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 L.d-1) did not differ significantly (p>0.05). The monthly mean water temperature ranged from 26.6°C to 28.8°C, salinity of 33.2–35.1 ppt, dissolved oxygen of 6.1–8.3 mg/L, and pH of 8.1–8.3. High yields of sea cucumber juveniles were observed during the dry season, while low survival rates (<20%) were observed during wet months. The success of this study could set forth the application of tank-based nursery systems for H. scabra, especially during the season of high rainfall and extreme weather conditions that heavily affects cage rearing in the open-sea setting.PublishedReferee
On the tidal current harmonic constants in Ise Bay
No full textThe tidal current harmonic constants in Ise Bay are owned by the Japan Coast Guard Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department and is a point-like one created by continuous day and night observation of tidal currents at fixed points. There is a grid-like one created in 2004 based on joint reserch with the Japan Hydrographic Association （2004, 2005a, 2005b）. This time, as part of the research to create tidal current grid data, tidal current harmonic constants were created from the current direction and current velocity data observed by the Ise Bay Ocean Short Wave Radar operated by the Nagoya Port and Airport Technical Research Office, Chubu Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. We examined these tidal current harmonic constants.PublishedReferee
Quantitative and qualitative composition of the bycatch species of the shrimp fishery in the gulf of Ana María, Cuba.
No full textSe determinó la composición y la abundancia relativa de las especies de la fauna acompañante de la pesquería de camarón a partir de los cruceros de prospección en las zonas de pesca del golfo de Ana María por la Empresa Pesquera Industrial de Cienfuegos, desde 2017 hasta 2021. La proporción de la captura de fauna acompañante respecto a la de camarón por arrastre es de 20:1, y la subzona de pesca que presenta mayor proporción es la de Manuel Gómez. Se obtuvo un total de 48 especies donde los peces fueron el grupo mejor representado, seguido de crustáceos y los moluscos. Entre los peces, las mojarras y pataos (Fam. Gerreidae) fueron las especies con mayor abundancia relativa y dominancia, seguida de la biajaiba (Lutjanus synagris) y el casabe (Chloroscombrus chrysurus), aparecieron en menor cuantía el clarín (Lepophidium graëllsi) y jeníguano (Haemulon aurolineatum). En el grupo de los crustáceos predominaron los cangrejos manicuris (Lupella forceps), seguida de las esquilas (Squilla spp.) y jaibas (Callinectes spp.) y en menor medida los cangrejos arañas (Stenorynchos seticomis). En los moluscos, el cobo pequeño (Lobatus pugilis) fue la especie más abundante, seguido de la almeja pecten (Pecten zigzag) y en menor medida la almeja blanca (Lima scabra). La elevada proporción FAC/C, la alta abundancia de especies de bajo valor comercial en la captura de la FAC, la presencia de especies oportunistas y la no aparición de grupos susceptibles a perturbaciones por pesca, demuestra el impacto negativo de la pesca en la región.The composition and relative abundance of the bycatch species of the shrimp fishery were determined from the prospecting cruises in the fishing areas of the gulf of Ana María by the Cienfuegos Industrial Fishing Company, from 2017 to 2021. Proportion of the bycatch species with respect to the catch of shrimp by trawling is 20:1 and the fishing subarea that presents the highest proportion is that of Manuel Gómez. A total of 48 species were obtained where fish was the best represented group, followed by crustaceans and mollusks. Among the fish, the crappie and kick (Fam. Gerreidae) were the species with the highest relative abundance and dominance, followed by the biajaiba (Lutjanus synagris) and the atlantic bumper (Chloroscombrus chrysurus), the clarion (Lepophidium graëllsi) and jeniguano (Haemulon aurolineatum) appeared to a lesser extent. In the group of crustaceans the manicuris crabs (Lupella forceps) predominated, followed by the skills (Squilla spp.) and crabs (Callinectes spp.) and to a lesser extent the spider crabs (Stenorynchos seticomis). In mollusks, the small conch (Lobatus pugilis) was the most abundant species, followed by the pectin clam (Pecten zigzag) and to a lesser extent, the white clam (Laevicardium spp.). The high proportion of FAC/C, the high abundance of species of low commercial value in the catch of the FAC, the presence of opportunistic species ant the non-appearance of the groups susceptible to disturbance by fisihing, demonstrates the negative impact of the fishing in the region.PublishedReferee
The Ocean Impact Navigator. A new impact measurement framework for the ocean innovation ecosystem. Technical Appendix. Work in Progress.
No full textThis Technical Appendix has been written as a companion to the Ocean Impact Navigator: A New Impact Measurement Framework for the Ocean Innovation Ecosystem. It provides further details on the KPIs proposed within the Navigator framework. At the time of publication in June 2022, the Navigator has not yet been finalised, but is embarking on a period of testing, feedback and refinement that is expected to culminate in the launch of an online tool at the end of the year. It is in this spirit of soliciting feedback from the ocean impact and innovation community that this Appendix is published, as we hope that it will enable interested members of the community to review and provide more nuanced and detailed comments on the proposed framework. It is expected both that the set of KPIs elaborated in this Appendix will be revised in the coming months, and that the detailed guidance outlined in this Appendix will also be refined, based on the feedback that is received. It is also hoped that Navigator users – both now and in the future, will find this a practical tool to support implementation of the framework for their own impact measurement.Challennge 5, 10PublishedReferee
Resposes to flooding of young plants of Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart.
No full textFloodplains provide a unique environment, periodic floods cause low rates of diffusion and solubility of oxygen in the soil and represent the main restriction to plant community development. Among the strategies presented by plants that allow them to survive these flooding events are morphophysiological and anatomical adjustments, reducing the damage caused by oxygen deficiency. This study was conducted with the objective of experimentally observing the adaptive strategies of survival to the flooding, thus, young plants of Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart were submitted to water saturation conditions. The following treatments were submitted to the plants: flooded (only the soil submerged in water), submersion (plants totally under the water) and the control group (maintained at field capacity). For morphological evaluation, we collected data from shoot height, root length, biomass (leaves, stem and root). For the anatomical analysis of the root, we measured the diameter of the vascular cylinder of the root and the total diameter of the root, in addition to data about chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and total chlorophyll. Analyzes were performed 15, 30 and 60 days after the start of the treatments. Results were statistically compared by mean tests (ANOVA, Kruskal-wallis and t-test). In general, the control group presented higher growth averages in the parameters: shoot height, root length, biomass of leaves and root, diameter of the central cylinder of the root and total diameter of the root, compared to the other treatments, in all studied periods. The values of chlorophyll a, b and total and carotenoids showed little variation at 15 days after the beginning of treatments and only at 30 days the control and flooded groups obtained higher values, compared to the totally submerged, indicating changes in the metabolism of plants kept in submersion. Anatomical analysis showed greater development in the control group, with roots in advanced secondary tissue growth and reduced total root diameter in treatments when it was in hypoxia. We observed The presence of lenticels and adventitious roots in the flooded plants. At 60 days after the start of treatments, subjects in the submerged treatment were dead. Flooding represented a negative effect on the growth of individuals as well as substrate flooding. The death of plants under submersion treatment indicates that Albizia niopoides does not tolerate long periods of total submersion, while the morphoanatomical characteristics developed suggest that the plant is considered tolerant to the stress caused by the flooding of the substrate.Planícies de inundação fornecem um ambiente único devido as cheias periódicas que causam baixas taxas de difusão e solubilidade de oxigênio no solo e representam a principal restrição ao desenvolvimento da comunidade vegetal ripária. Entre as estratégias apresentadas pelas plantas que possibilitam-nas sobreviver a esses eventos de inundação estão ajustes morfofisiológicos e anatômicos, reduzindo o dano causado pela deficiência de oxigênio. Com o objetivo de observar experimentalmente as estratégias adaptativas de sobrevivência à inundação, plantas jovens de Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart foram submetidas às condições de saturação hídrica. Os tratamentos consistiram em: alagado (somente o substrato submerso em água), totalmente submerso (planta inteiramente coberta por água) e o controle (mantido em capacidade de campo). Para avaliação morfológica coletou-se os dados de altura da parte aérea, comprimento da raiz e biomassa (folhas, caule e raiz). Para as análises anatômicas da raiz, mensurou-se o diâmetro do cilindro vascular da raiz e o diâmetro total da raiz. Por fim, obtivemos clorofila a e b, carotenoides e clorofila total. As análises foram realizadas 15, 30 e 60 dias após o início dos tratamentos. Os resultados foram comparados estatisticamente por testes de média (Anova, Kruskal-wallis e teste-t). De maneira geral, o grupo controle apresentou maiores médias de crescimento nos parâmetros altura da parte aérea, comprimento de raiz, biomassa das folhas e raiz, diâmetro do cilindro central da raiz e diâmetro total da raiz, comparado aos outros tratamentos, em todas os períodos. Os valores de clorofila a, b e total e de carotenoides apresentaram pouca variação aos 15 dias após o início dos tratamentos e somente aos 30 dias o grupo controle e alagado obtiveram maiores valores, comparados ao totalmente submerso, indicando alterações no metabolismo das plantas mantidas em submersão. Registrou-se pela análise anatômica, maior desenvolvimento no grupo controle, com raízes em avançado crescimento secundário dos tecidos e redução do diâmetro total da raiz nos tratamentos onde essa se encontrava em hipoxia. Observou-se a presença de lenticelas e raízes adventícias no tratamento alagado. Aos 60 dias após o início dos tratamentos, os indivíduos do tratamento submerso estavam mortos. A inundação representou um efeito negativo no crescimento dos indivíduos assim como o alagamento do substrato. A morte das plantas sob tratamento de submersão indica que Albizia niopoides não tolera grandes períodos de total submersão, enquanto as características morfoanatômicas desenvolvidas sugerem que a planta seja considerada tolerante ao estresse causado pelo alagamento do substrato.Master
Jaiba y centolla. Región de Los Lagos y Región de Aysén, 2021
No full textEn Chile, según cifras oficiales del Sernapesca correspondientes al año 2021, se desembarcaron 21 especies de crustáceos de importancia económica, los que en total aportaron 15.588 t al desembarque nacional, un 80% de esta producción (12.624,3 t) correspondieron a capturas de crustáceos bentónicos, siendo las jaibas y la centolla los principales recursos que las componen, aportando el 40% y 36%, respectivamente al desembarque nacional de los crustáceos bentónicos.Programa de seguimiento de las principales pesquerías nacionalesPublishedReferee
The Bloop diver travel: a journey between geology and marine ecology in the Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo MPA
No full textThis manual is the final outcome of a field-based mission, performed in collaboration with different representatives of the SCUBA diving sector and acted on favour of different teaching agencies sharing the same standards at EU level (RSTC standards). This product aimed mainly at diving professionals and recreational divers is part of a personal commitment in the field of marine education and Ocean Literacy research. From this bottom-up conceived initiative an EU Erasmus+ project will be financed under the formal supervision of the Spanish National Agency. The outcome of the personal work is the result of a multiperspective field-based commitment and is part of a wider multidisciplinary approach to environmental research. The main goal of this work is the educational dimension in line with the purposes of the SDG14 and is conceived in line with the OL principles, at the basis of the wider outreach mission, promoted under the leading supervision of the IOC-UNESCO in the framework of the UN Decade 2021-2030 for Ocean Sciences. This work is an homage to a great diver and friends representing the most rewarding side of the italian diving sector.Challenge 9: Skills, knowledge and technology for all,
Challenge 10: Change humanity’s relationship with theoceanPublishedNot Know