IRIS Università degli Studi dell'Aquila
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The Missing Link: Integrating Interventional Pain Management in the Era of Multimodal Oncology
Get PDFCancer-related pain (CrP) is one of the most frequent and debilitating issues that affect the quality of life of patients with cancer. Systemic analgesics, particularly opioids, have been the cornerstone of pain management. However, the following shortcomings of the mentioned therapies, such as side effects, tolerance, and inadequate relief in refractory cases, make implementing a more complete, multimodal treatment plan necessary. Interventional pain management (IPM) uses specific invasive procedures, with different degree of invasiveness, such as nerve blocks, neurolysis, neuromodulation, and intrathecal drug delivery systems to provide effective pain relief with reduced adverse effects compared with opioids. These approaches are frequently underutilized due to delayed referrals, insufficient awareness, and logistic inefficiencies, which delay access to pain management centers specializing in care for patients in pain. Recent technological advancements offer the potential to overcome these barriers, including artificial intelligence-driven decision support systems and automated referral pathways, enabling early intervention and individualized pain treatment plans. The future of CrP management should shift from the current reactive model to a proactive approach, enabling the earlier incorporation of interventional techniques into treatment plans. The integration of interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovations will enhance cancer pain management and progress from current outdated approaches to provide more effective and timely pain relief for patients with chronic refractory cancer pain
Optimizing dismantling approaches for recycling of li-ion batteries: Strategies, challenges and economic analysis
Get PDFLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and energy storage systems due to their high energy density and long operational life. As demand for these batteries rises globally, their end-of-life management has become a growing concern due to environmental risks, material scarcity, and recycling inefficiencies. This review addresses the urgent need for safe, sustainable, and cost-effective dismantling practices, recognized as the most critical and preparatory step in LIB recycling, by evaluating current methods and proposing future directions. The review examines manual, mechanical and automated dismantling approaches, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Manual method offers straightforward material recovery but face safety, labour, and efficiency challenges. Emerging automated solutions using robotics, AI, and machine learning promise improvements in safety, scalability, and disassembly precision. In addition to dismantling strategies, the review discusses regulatory frameworks, environmental implications, and the importance of standardizing battery design for easier disassembly. It also provides future perspectives emphasizing automation, eco-friendly chemical processes, and public participation in battery collection. By organizing scattered knowledge and offering critical insights and recommendations, this review serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders. It aims to guide sustainable innovation and foster circular economy practices in LIB end-of-life management
Assistive Technologies for Individuals with a Disability from a Neurological Condition: A Narrative Review on the Multimodal Integration
Get PDFA Humean Williams and a Williamsian Hume
No full textIf one browses through Bernard Williams’s work, one might conclude that David Hume does not represent a predominant source of inspiration for him. This chapter tries to show that this is not the case; there are many elements in Williams’s theoretical approach, from his early papers to his late reflection on genealogy, that can be interpreted in a Humean light, revealing more than just a superficial resemblance. In turn, Hume proves to be less of a straightforward optimist than Williams believed when seen in relation to Williams’s philosophical concerns. Thus, the connection between the two will be reconstructed with the aim of illuminating how Williams, although not a declared Humean, was much closer to the great Scot than may appear at first sight
EFFETTI NEL TEMPO DELLA DICHIARAZIONE DI INCOSTITUZIONALITÀ E RUOLO DEL GIUDICE COSTITUZIONALE
Get PDFL'articolo esamina molte delle questioni che ruotano attorno alla problematica concernente l’efficacia nel tempo della dichiarazione di incostituzionalità. Tali questioni sono da sempre oggetto di attenzione da parte della dottrina1 e della giurisprudenza per gli inevitabili riflessi sulla disciplina da applicare nei singoli casi e, più in generale, sulle conseguenze in tema di tutela - immediata o differita - dei diritti lesi da norme incostituzionali
Creating the vision of rapid, repeatable, reactive data workflows for policy on biodiversity
Get PDFEffective biodiversity management and policymaking requires timely access to accurate and reliable scientific data on biodiversity status, trends and threats. However, current biodiversity monitoring processes are often time-consuming, complex and irreproducible. Moreover, the quality and types of biodiversity data are diverse, which challenges their integration and impedes effective monitoring. A major step to overcome such challenges would be the availability of standardized species occurrence data. However, challenges arise in aggregating and integrating these heterogeneous data with environmental and landscape data. By creating standardized biodiversity data cubes and automated workflows for post-processing, we envision that (1) information from complex datasets will be available in a known format to efficiently communicate biodiversity variables to policymakers; (2) the adoption of repeatable Open Data workflows will make biodiversity data more accessible, efficient and cost-effective; and (3) cloud computing will make it easier to analyse large datasets, benefit from a broader range of models, share resources and work together on biodiversity projects. This revolution in biodiversity monitoring will rely on community collaboration. By bridging the gap between policymakers' needs, bioinformation specialists' skills and data collectors' motivations, biodiversity monitoring can become a more inclusive and community-driven effort. As such, we advocate for the development of tools and workflows in close consultation with stakeholders to enhance the impact and use of biodiversity information. Practical implication. The proposed approach faces challenges in maintaining software, data standards and addressing biodiversity data complexity. However, leveraging existing infrastructures like GBIF and Copernicus, and building on the knowledge from GEO and GEO BON offers a feasible path
The complementary effects of formal and informal budgetary performance feedback on doctor-managers' responsibilities
No full textBackground: The reforms that have affected public health care organizations have changed the tasks and responsibilities of physicians heading operational units, who have become doctor-managers. This hybridization makes doctor-managers vulnerable to role ambiguities, with possible dysfunctional effects on their managerial behaviors and performance. The enhancement of different sources of budgetary performance feedback (BPF) and perceived organizational support (POS) can help them reconcile their managerial and clinical professional domains. Purpose: Rooted in psychology-based budgeting research, this study aimed to show the role of doctor-managers' perceptions of BPF by examining the complementary effects of formal and informal BPF on POS and their satisfaction with the budget-holder role. Methodology/Approach: We collected self-reported data by administering questionnaires to a sample of doctor-managers from Italian public health care organizations. The hypotheses were tested using a linear regression model, clustered at the hospital level. Mediation analysis was used to test the mediating effects of POS. Results: Findings showed that formal and informal BPF perceptions positively influenced POS and satisfaction with the budget-holder role. Further, POS mediated the BPF–role satisfaction link. Conclusion: The study adds to the limited research on the individual-level benefits of perceived formal and informal BPF as complementary mechanisms for improving doctor-managers' attitudes toward the budget-holder role. Practice Implications: Top management and controllers should develop budgeting practices that consider the psychological factors related to the complementary functioning of formal and informal BPFs. These factors may support doctor-managers in meeting their responsibilities as budget holders and mitigate role ambiguities
Human osteosarcoma cell secretome impairs neonatal mouse calvarial osteogenic cells functions and modifies the nanoparticles-derived protein profile
Get PDFOsteosarcoma is the most common pediatric primary bone tumor, whose growth strictly relies on a complex interplay among tumor cells, resident cells, and the bone matrix. We investigated the effects of secretome collected from the human osteosarcoma cell line MNNG/HOS on mouse primary osteogenic cells, finding that prolonged exposure alters osteoblast phenotype and activity. MNNG/HOS secretome also reduces the production and release of collagen type I, the most abundant constituent of the bone matrix, and hinders osteoblast ability to form nodule of mineralization, compared to osteogenic cells treated with their own secretome. Given the crucial role exerted by secretome on tumor growth, we aimed also to determine whether osteosarcoma cells secretome can influence the osteoblast release of extracellular nanoparticles (NPs) as well as NPs protein cargo. Intriguingly, we found that MNNG/HOS secretome exerts a direct effect on osteoblast-NPs, reprogramming their protein cargo and subsequently influencing extracellular matrix composition and collagen formation, in favor of tumor progression. Overall, our findings indicate the ability of MNNG/HOS cells to fuel their own malignancy by deranging bone matrix composition and stimulating osteoblast-nanoparticles shuttling of osteosarcoma promoting factors