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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 receptor agonists, dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide and suicidal ideation and behavior: A systematic review of clinical studies and pharmacovigilance reports
Full text linkAims: Suicide is a global public health concern, accounting for nearly 700,000 deaths annually. Although well-established risk factors, including mental health disorders, are widely recognized, emerging concerns have surfaced regarding a potential association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), the dual Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist tirzepatide and suicidal behavior. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence on the potential association between these drugs and suicidal behavior. Methods: This review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, and APA PsycInfo up to September 24, 2024, using terms related to GLP-1 RAs/GIP/GLP-1 RAs and suicidal behavior.Three independent reviewers conducted article screening and data extraction. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies and ROB2 for RCTs. Results: The review identified 16 studies published between 2017 and 2024, consisting of 5 observational studies, 2 randomized controlled trials, 8 pharmacovigilance analyses, and 1 post-hoc analysis of RCTs. No consistent evidence indicated an increased suicide risk among GLP-1 RA users. Pharmacovigilance analyses produced mixed findings; while some disproportionality analyses reported higher rates relative to other antihyperglycemic drugs, no causal link was confirmed. Cohort studies involving diabetic and obese populations generally did not demonstrate a significant increase in suicidal behavior. Conclusions: Although current data do not warrant changes in prescribing practices, further research is needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn. Moreover, the generalizability and reliability of these findings should be interpreted in light of the methodological limitations of the included studies
HS-SPME-GC-MS Volatile Profile of “Aglio Rosso di Sulmona” (Sulmona Red Garlic) Floral Scape
Full text linkGarlic (Allium Sativum L.) is a source of organosulphur compounds with well-known sensorial and biological activity. Organosulphur precursors of garlic aroma are also detected in the plant leaves, but limited literature on this subject is available. This study is aimed at the characterization of the volatile profile of the floral scapes of Sulmona red garlic (aglio rosso di Sulmona) cultivated in the Abruzzo region (Italy). Floral scapes are manually removed from the plant before flowering and used as an ingredient of local gastronomy. The organosulphur volatile profile of the scapes is investigated by HS-SPME-GC-MS and compared to that provided by the clove. The GC-MS chromatogram of garlic clove, which is characterized by the predominant contribution of a few organosulphur organic compounds, is significantly more intense than that of the scapes. Almost all the organosulphur compounds contributing to the clove aroma were detected in the scape volatile profile, which, however, exhibits a more balanced contribution of major and minor organo sulphur compounds. Moreover, a significantly higher relative abundance of terpenes and aldehydes is observed in the scape aroma. The geographical/varietal origin of clove seeds (Sulmona versus Spain or France) and cultivation area interactively influence the aroma profile of Sulmona red garlic scapes
Memory, memories, conflicts: Pedagogical reflections against the backdrop of the “second Nakba”|Memoria, memorie, conflitti. Considerazioni pedagogiche sullo sfondo della “seconda Nakba”
No full textThe article explores the role of pedagogy in addressing contemporary conflicts, with a particular focus on the Israeli Palestinian conflict and the and the situation that emerged following Hamas's attack on October 7h, 2023, and the genocidal response in Gaza. Through a critical reflection on the paradoxes of our time - between fear and security, utopia, dystopia, and disillusionment – it questions pedagogy’s transformative potential in rethinking the relationship between subject, history, memory, human rights. Central to the discussion is the concept of memory, understood as an educational tool to connect past and future, with reference to memories of the Shoah and the Palestinian Nakba. The article highlights tensions between different historical and political narratives, analyzing the risks of ritualized memory and those of its instrumentalization. Finally, it underscores the need for critical and conscious education, capable of addressing contemporary fractures without succumbing to ideological polarization but instead fostering dialogue and building bridges between different identities and memories
The Future of Breast Cancer Organized Screening Program Through Artificial Intelligence: A Scoping Review
Full text linkObjective: The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate whether artificial intelligence integrated into breast cancer screening work strategies could help resolve some diagnostic issues that still remain. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were consulted. The literature research was updated to 28 May 2024. The PRISMA method of selecting articles was used. The articles were classified according to the type of publication (meta-analysis, trial, prospective, and retrospective studies); moreover, retrospective studies were based on citizen recruitment (organized screening vs. spontaneous screening and a combination of both). Results: Meta-analyses showed that AI had an effective reduction in the radiologists’ reading time of radiological images, with a variation from 17 to 91%. Furthermore, they highlighted how the use of artificial intelligence software improved the diagnostic accuracy. Systematic review speculated that AI could reduce false negatives and positives and detect subtle abnormalities missed by human observers. DR with AI results from organized screening showed a higher recall rate, specificity, and PPV. Data from opportunistic screening found that AI could reduce interval cancer with a corresponding reduction in serious outcome. Nevertheless, the analysis of this review suggests that the study of breast density and interval cancer still requires numerous applications. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence appears to be a promising technology for health, with consequences that can have a major impact on healthcare systems. Where screening is opportunistic and involves only one human reader, the use of AI can increase diagnostic performance enough to equal that of double human reading
Bisessualità; Carne/corpo; Genitorialità; Ebraismo; Leibovitz, Annie; Melodramma; Queer; Radicalismo/Tendenziosità
No full textPlant-fungus synergy against soil salinity: The cellular and molecular role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Full text linkArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in disease control by establishing symbiotic relationships with plant roots. AMF improve salinity tolerance in plants by regulating the Na+/K+ ratio through selective ion transport and mediate osmotic regulation by inducing the accumulation of osmotic-compatible solutes such as glycine betaine and proline to enable plant cells to maintain water content and the metabolic balance. AMF can also activate antioxidant defense responses by stimulating enzymes that protect plant cells from harmful oxidation and pathological infections. Plant salinity tolerance induced by AMF depends on abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent signaling mechanisms, calcium-calmodulin-dependent pathways, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-modulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. Therefore, future research should focus on optimizing the production and field efficacy of AMF-based inoculants, including their combined use with microbial biostimulants, to support the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices
La virtù di Achille. Pind. I. 8 e le reinterpretazione del mito nella cultura greca tardo-arcaica
No full textPythian 8 is one of Pindar’s epinician odes that establish particularly strong connections with the historical context in which they were composed and performed. The structure of the ode iscoherently built on a system of explicit and implicit references to the events of the Persian War and to the opposing roles played in it by Aegina, the homeland of the laudandus Cleander, and
Thebes, the poet’s own city. Here, the mythical paradigm of the Trojan War and the deeds of Achilles undergo a new interpretation, shared with other sophoi, that enforces a correspondence with the historical events of the Persian War
Diversity management from a gender perspective in the private sector: TIM and IKEA case studies
No full textThis chapter explores diversity management (DM) practices with a gender lens in the Italian private sector. Through two case studies – TIM and IKEA – it highlights innovative strategies for promoting gender inclusion, leadership development, and equal opportunities, offering valuable insights for organizations aiming to foster sustainable and equitable workplace cultures
Sciacca interprete dell’antinomia orteghiana tra ragione e vita
No full textIn occasione del cinquantesimo anniversario della morte di Michele Federico Sciacca, il presente contributo si ispira alla sua rigorosa analisi interpretativa del raziovitalismo di José Ortega y Gasset, figura emblematica del volto moderno e laico della cultura iberica. L’attenzione si concentra in particolare sulle osservazioni critiche sciacchiane riguardo al tentativo orteghiano di risolvere l’antinomia tra ragione pura e impulso vitale. L’obiettivo è mostrare come anche brevi e circoscritti frammenti riflessivi possano contribuire a riattivare o ad ampliare il dialogo filosofico contemporaneo attorno alla rilevanza di una philosophia perennis o, più propriamente, di una metaphysica perennis, nella quale — secondo l’interpretazione rosminiana di Sciacca — emerge «la necessità di quel coraggio dell’ardire filosofico, di quel buon coraggio che libera la Filosofia da inutili restrizioni e ingiusti vincoli», tanto per «amore della verità» quanto per il desiderio orteghiano di «vivere faccia a faccia con la realtà profonda della vita contemporanea»