Digital Library of Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
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Smart Start: A Critical Analysis of Chatbots as Tools to Support Study Orientation
No full textIn higher education, elevated dropout rates pose a significant problem, leading to vast societal and personal costs and disadvantages. In Germany, in particular, dropout is closely connected to a misfit between students' expectations and their choice of study program. As a countermeasure, a chatbot is proposed that targets prospective students and is supposed to help them with their study orientation by providing them with accurate and personalized information. In this study, we first use a survey including the Technology Acceptance Model to test whether the target group would even accept such a chatbot and whether there are differences in the acceptance for different demographic groups. Our results show high acceptance and no differences among demographic groups, although we propose that differences among demographic groups should be scrutinized in future research. Subsequently, we develop a chatbot architecture using Large Language Models and Retrieval Augmented Generation that enables accurate and personalized answers while simultaneously ensuring appropriate responses to inappropriate user prompts. Our first evaluation of the chatbot shows promising results. The chatbot will become part of a study orientation platform in one of Germany's largest federal states
From Data to Defense: Design Principles for Converting Open-Source Data into Threat Indicators
No full textOpen-source intelligence data sources play a vital role in understanding the perspective of cyber attackers. With the vast number of data sources and tools available, information security experts often struggle to identify the relevant ones. Moreover, many existing tools focus on collecting data and lack transparent assessment functions. To tackle these challenges, we have established design principles in our ongoing research to identify relevant data sources and derive actionable threat indicators
An Architecture for efficient Netflow Collection and Storage for Analysis and AI Training
No full textNetflow is a type of network data protocol that contains only network traffic metadata. Due to its small size compared to the actual network traffic, it is a promising data source for cyber attack detections at the network level. While Open Source tools for collecting and storing them exist, w observed high resource consumption. Based on these observations, we developed an architecture for storing netflows with system requirements that are smaller by magnitudes
Integration Analysis of UAVs into Emergency Response Control Centers
No full textUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are already used in emergency response, but in many cases, especially in medium and small control centers, they are deployed by drone pilots who arrive in a second dispatch wave. This research focuses on the integration of automated UAVs into the workflows of control centers, with a specific focus on Integrated Control Center (Integrierter Leitstelle, ILS) in Bavaria. The aim is to support dispatchers by deploying UAVs in the early stages of emergency response, before field responders arrive. These UAVs are intended to collect and deliver information that helps prepare responders for the situation. The study analyzes how UAV dispatch and control can be integrated into the existing systems of the ILS and proposes a Dispatcher-Controller paradigm to support this integration
PyRope – Ein codebasierter Ansatz für E-Assessment in MINT-Fächern
No full textEs wird das von Grund auf neu entwickelte, quelloffene E-Assessment-System PyRope für den MINT-Bereich vorgestellt. Anders als bei herkömmlichen Systemen, bei denen Aufgaben in einer Weboberfläche erstellt werden, beruht dessen Ansatz darauf, Aufgaben ausschließlich durch Quellcode zu beschreiben. Dies bringt unter anderem eine Reihe an inhärenten Vorteilen mit sich, die zwar in der Welt der Softwareentwicklung, bisher jedoch nicht bei E-Assessment-Systemen selbstverständlich sind. Der Prototyp ist als Python-Bibliothek mit dem Ziel konzipiert, den Zeitaufwand zur Erstellung von Übungsaufgaben so weit wie möglich von technischen Aspekten auf das eigentliche didaktische Konzept zu verlagern. Jede Übungsaufgabe wird durch eine eigene Klasse realisiert, deren Methoden die einzelnen Komponenten der Aufgabe umsetzen und deren Klassenattribute die Metadaten beinhalten. Im Rahmen der Demo wird der Prototyp mit wenigen Befehlen aufgesetzt sowie das Erstellen, Testen und Ausführen einfacher Aufgaben vorgeführt, um exemplarisch einige Innovationen gegenüber herkömmlichen Systemen herauszuarbeiten
Reinforcement Learning and Life Cycle Assessment for a Circular Economy – Towards Absolute Sustainability
No full textWe discuss the potential of using methods from reinforcement learning to achieve absolute sustainability in the economic system by respecting planetary boundaries. In the beginning, we present the “strategic triangle of AI” for such an ambivalent endeavor as an introduction. We then formulate the computer-science related challenges of changing the economic paradigm towards (absolute) sustainability, and in how far what we call ’progressive computer science’ needs to contribute. Those challenges include the closing of material loops in a circular economy to optimize for (absolute) sustainability, and we present some new ideas in this direction. To give some context, we explain how reinforcement learning was successfully applied in computer chess and beyond (e.g. in AlphaZero / AlphaFold). Finally, we discuss the potential of such methods for ecological economic planning by changing the current mostly ’linear’ and profit-driven way of organizing the economy towards a more circular, democratic and sustainable mode of production
Wide open - Freiheit im Code: Die Open-Source-Geschichte
No full textOb in der Wirtschaft, in Behörden oder im Privaten – die Nutzung von Open Source wächst rasant. Dabei spielt nicht nur der Kostenvorteil eine entscheidende Rolle, sondern auch Interoperabilität, die große Auswahl an Open-Source-Software (OSS) und das damit verbundene Sicherheitsversprechen: Offen zugänglicher Code ermöglicht es, Fehler leichter zu entdecken und zu beheben. Auf den entsprechenden Plattformen steigt die Zahl der Beiträge Jahr für Jahr. Doch wie ist die Community überhaupt entstanden? Welche Länder treiben den Trend besonders voran? Und wie groß ist der wirtschaftliche Beitrag wirklich
Global Historical Routes as a Tool for Disseminating and Preserving Cultural Heritage
No full textHistorical routes have long served as channels for exchanging goods, ideas, and cultures. These routes play a significant role in shaping civilizations and preserving cultural heritage. This work explores the significance of historical routes in safeguarding cultural heritage and disseminating cultures across nations. The world’s 98 most critical historical routes are digitized and modeled alongside their associated countries. The results show that most of the routes are positioned in Europe, with a few routes in other regions of the world. The Silk Road, Roman Roads, and Via Egnatia are considered the most central routes, with high betweenness centrality. Moreover, Turkey, Italy, and China show a high degree of centrality and are considered cultural hubs
A Forensic Analysis Model for Remote-Persistent Messengers using the Example of the Chat Platform Knuddels
No full textMessenger services are not only a popular means of everyday communication but also provide criminals with opportunities to plan and execute illegal activities and exchange harmful content. As a result, the analysis of mobile communications is becoming increasingly important in criminal investigations. Most previous research has focused on analysing data stored locally on mobile devices. However, messenger service providers are increasingly storing data remotely on database servers. This work presents a forensic analysis model for remote-persistent messengers that integrates mobile and cloud forensics methods. The model’s practical application is illustrated by extracting forensically relevant artefacts from the chat platform Knuddels. This platform has gained particular importance under criminal law because, according to the Federal Criminal Police Office of Germany, sex offenders in German-speaking countries are increasingly using it to make contact with minors
Let the Door Handle It: Exploring Biometric User Recognition Embedded in Doors
No full textIn this work, we explore the use of behavioral biometrics when opening doors to enable user recognition on demand. We propose a combination of inertial, capacitance, force, and acoustic sensors embedded in a door for capturing user interaction with the handle. This way, we collect data only when needed, i.e., when the handle is used to open the door. No additional device (e.g., a smartphone) or knowledge is required, enabling a seamless and unobtrusive identification experience for users. We use tangible interaction data captured from 20 participants in two sessions, at least 5 days apart, for building a random forest classifier and an LSTM neural network, and compare and discuss the impact of the sensors on their performance. We found that random forest yields the best accuracy, and performance is better within one session than between sessions. Within one session, a few interactions are sufficient for recognition