RIULS (Repository of Iași University of Life Sciences)
Not a member yet
5043 research outputs found
Sort by
The characteristics of forest soils from Covasna county
No full textForest soils represent an important resource for Covasna County, characterized by a large surface of both private and
national forests. The forest soils (that differ from agricultural soils) were analysed based on the following chemical
characteristics: soil’s solution reaction, base saturation degree, humus and total nitrogen content and the total cationic
exchange capacity. A total number of 15 soil types were analysed in Covasna County. The most widespread ones are
eutric cambisol and dystric cambisol, which cover together 77% of the surface. At the same time, the most acid soils are
entic podzols, while the most alkaline are rendzic leptosols. The majority of soils are mezobazic, moderately or
intensely humiferous, well and very well supplied with nitrogen. Entic podzol has a very large cationic exchange
capacity, while all other soils have high capacities. The chemical characteristics of forests soils from Covasna County
are favourable to forest vegetation, a fact that can be observed by the stands’ productivity
Plant spacing and its effect on yield, fibre quality and physiological parameters in cotton
No full textThe purpose of this study
was to see how changing plant spacings
affected cotton yield, yield components,
fibre quality traits, and physiological
parameters. In this study, six plant
spacings (no thinning, 5, 10, 15, 20, and
25 cm) were investigated. Plant density
caused significant differences in the
number of first fruiting branches, number
of bolls, ginning percentage, seed cotton
yield, fibre yield, and normalised
difference vegetative index (NDVI). Plant
height, the number of sympodial branches,
number of monopodial branches, boll
weight, seed cotton weight/boll, number of
100-seed weight, seeds/boll, canopy
temperature, chlorophyll content, leaf area,
and fibre quality properties (micronaire,
length, strength, elongation, uniformity,
short fibre index, reflectance, yellowness,
and spinning consistency index [SCI] were
non-significant. The highest values of seed
cotton yield, fibre yield, ginning
percentage, number of first fruiting
branches, and NDVI were obtained in the
no thinning and 5 cm plant spacing
applications, while the highest boll number
was obtained at 20 and 25 cm plant
spacings. In this study, physiological
parameters, such as canopy temperature,
leaf area, chlorophyll content, and fibre
technological traits, were not affected by
plant spacing. The highest seed cotton
yield, fibre yield, ginning percentage and
NDVI were obtained from no thinning and
5 cm intra-row spacing, indicating their
impact on examined characteristics.
Therefore, a yield estimation can be made
in the flowering period with the NDVI in
different plant densities in cotton
Aspects regarding the operation of some pulsators for milking equipments
No full textMechanical milking can only be done using specific milking systems. The pulsators are components of the milking
machines. These components make it possible to obtain a certain working frequency of the milking cup and also make it
possible to obtain a certain ratio between the milk extraction phase and the massage phase during operation. The two
mentioned parameters influence the milking time. Given the importance of pulsators for mechanical milking, this paper
analyzes the operation of two types of pulsators: a BRK pneumatic pulsator and a prototype electromagnetic pulsator,
design by author. Both types of pulsators are equipped with drawer type working elements. The electromagnetic
pulsator was set for the operating mode in which the extraction time is longer than the massage time (3: 1 ratio). For
both types of pulsators, the operating frequencies and the ratio between the extraction time and the massage time were
determined on the basis of a number of vacuum-time diagrams. The value of the vacuum at the level of the milking cup
was -42kPa. Following the tests, it was observed that both the pneumatic pulsator and the electromagnetic pulsator fall
within the normal operating limits in terms of pulsation frequency. Regarding the work phases ratio at the prototype
pulsator there is a bigger difference between its theoretical value and the real one than at the pneumatic pulsator. This
difference can be corrected from the electronic control device of this pulsator
Assessment of sprinkler irrigation systems used for peanut irrigation in Mediterranean zone, Turkey
No full textThis study was conducted to evaluate irrigation practices of sprinkler-irrigated peanut farms at Kadirli-Osmaniye
province of Turkey. The seasonal number of irrigation in the examined farms varied from 3 to 5. Sprinklers with
double nozzle had flow rates ranging from 1.5 to 2.2 m3
/h. The average rate of sprinkler precipitation was found as 13
mm/h with a 20 h of water application under four irrigation events to the peanut during whole growth cycles, and
seasonal applied irrigation water was around 314 mm. Average net grain yield was between 3.15 and 3.50 t/ha. Total
labor and irrigation energy costs were 200 USD/ha and 158 USD/ha, respectively. The sprinkler irrigation system was
found well suited for peanut irrigation. High quality management of irrigation water resources is necessarily
prerequisites for sustainable agro-production particularly at water shortage agro-zones
Adulteration of natural honey and the nutritional effect
Get PDFCouncil Directive 2001/110 / EC (1) defines honey as the sweet natural substance produced by Apis
mellifera bees. Honey contains especially different types of sugars, especially fructose and glucose, as well as
other substances, such as organic acids, enzymes and solid particles resulting from honey collection. (1). It is
an aqueous solution rich in sugary substances up to 80% represented mainly by glucose and fructose that come
from the floral nectar, extrafloral, manna and other sources, collected by bees and stored in honeycombs. The
enzymes, which the bees introduce into the nectar, have the ability to split sucrose, maltose, melioidoses, raffinose,
melibioses', this process lasting for many years. The transformation of the nectar by the bees into honey
is then accompanied by the exchange and replacement of the content of useless acids, with the release of the
surplus water. The pH value of the matured shoulder varies from 3,5-5.5, depending on its floristic origin. The
bees depend exclusively on the plant world for their nutrition and, therefore, throughout the active season,
they make sustained efforts to provide food, both for immediate needs and for reserves (2). Typically, the bees
feed on nectar, honey, pollen, water and for the use of larvae and quail feeds, in addition, milkweed is used.
Except for the water, the honey and pollen are stored as reserves. Artificially, a wide range of food can be used
in bee feed: the sugar syrup and sherbet, the cough sugar, the powdered sugar mixed with yeast, the powdered
milk, delipidated soybean meal, corn pollen, various cereal flours, medicines as well as herbal supplements.
From nectar, manna or sweet juices, which are found in the different parts of plants and trees, in combination
with some substances that are born in the salivary glands of bees, honey is obtained, which the bees deposit in
the honeycomb cells. Subsequently, the honey is stored in the honeycomb cells and left in the air for a while,
through evaporated water. Finally, these cells are tightly sealed with some wax caps (3). In this research we
performed experiments on medium samples of acacia, linden, coriander, sage, manna, polyflower honey (average
tests of honey from Nord East Region of Romania) and we detected minor inaccuracies related to the
level of dextrin in sage honey, as well as a low level of sucrose in sage honey and acacia honey
Monitorizarea unor parametri fizico-chimici pentru apele de suprafață ale unor emisari din Bazinul Dornelor
No full textThe objective of this study was to establish the quality of surface water from streams that cross the Dorna’s Basin,
following some defining physico-chemical indicators. In order to conduct this study, 10 sampling stations were
established over four streams, the study taking place for two years, 2017 and 2018, between the months of May and
October. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory using specific methods for each indicator monitored - temperature,
pH, oxidizable substances, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, hardness, anions and cations. The results obtained
varied depending on the sampling site, weather phenomena, as well as the geological structure of the mountain ranges
from which the streams -that were under study- spring. The conclusions of this study demonstrate that the targeted streams
have physico-chemical properties that are close to the standards imposed for natural mineral waters, the main geological
resource for the Dorna’s Basin, discovered and used for over 300 years. Thus, the anthropic activity represented mainly
by animal husbandry, mostly in an extensive-ecological system, does not have a negative effect on the quality of
watercourses in the area
The importance of computerized rations and their impact in a dairy cow farm in the Botoșani region
No full textThe nutrition of dairy cows plays a very important role especially in terms of farm economy, efficiency and health of
dairy herds. Unfortunately, in many farms this aspect is treated superficially and economic efficiency is not maximized
in order to obtain the highest milk yields and efficient use of feed. In view of the above, we have chosen this topic in
order to achieve the most efficient computerized ration in the herd under study. In this case we followed, over a period of
10 weeks, the impact of the computerized ration and the control ration on milk production both in terms of quantity and
quantity, and on feedstuff usage optimization. Another aspect followed was the economics of forage and finance in the
farm. The study also relied on chemical analysis of the feed to determine the quality of the feed. For this we determined
the chemical composition of the feed by looking at the amount of protein, cellulose, fat, then followed the actual
implementation of the ration and at the end all the data was collected to show the efficiency of this study. There were two
experimental batches, grouped by weight and productivity, also the control batch was followed. During the 10 weeks we
noticed that the feed quantity was lower and the milk yields remained relatively constant with little impact on milc
chemical composition. In this way we have successfully highlighted the importance of implementing such specialized
computer software in a dairy farm where rations are made without a scientific basis
Viabilitatea polenului și capacitatea de germinare a soiurilor de cireș în condițiile climatice din nord-estul României
Get PDFThis study presents the germination capacity and the pollen viability of ten sweet cherry cultivars (‘Regina’, ‘Kordia’, ‘Bucium’, ‘Cătălina’, ‘Cetățuia’, ‘George’, ‘Golia’, ‘Maria’, ‘Marina’ and ‘New Star’) registered on climatic conditions and phenological evolution of 2021. The phenological stages followed from bud burst to the end of flowering, were between April 5th (‘Regina’) and May 4th (‘New Star’), with an average value of 21.3 days. Determination of pollen viability recorded average percentage values of 64.3% and a germination capacity of 74.5% with a medium coefficient of variation (11.29% respectively 15.86%). The significant differences among pollen viability and germination ability were recorded for all cultivars. The results showed that the sum of the degrees of active temperature during the flowering have important influence to obtain high percentage values of pollen viability and germination capacity.
Prunus avium L., pollen, germination, flowering stage, cultivar
The influence of technological parameters on the sensory quality of pork paté
No full textTo obtain high-quality food appreciated by consumers, several principles and rules are applied in all stages involved
in obtaining the product, including design, production, testing, and marketing that must be observed. This paper
presents a diversification of the technology of producing canned paté, manufactured within the Meat Processing
Workshop of the University of Life Sciences, and the consequences of technological changes examined in terms of
sensory parameters. For the study, three batches of products were prepared. The technological flow was differentiated
by the proportion of raw meat materials introduced in the recipe (pork/pork liver/fat) and by the time and temperature
parameters at which the sterilization was performed. Following the performance of sensory tests on the obtained
batches, significant differences in texture were found, the batch with the highest average for unctuosity and
spreadability being L1, which contained the highest quantity of fat. The most pronounced flavour for the three samples
was the metallic one, the next score being for the butter flavour, also perceived more intensely for L1. Regarding the
averages obtained for the rancid aroma, they had the lowest values, which reveals the fact that a correct balance of the
amount of fat was achieved with the heat treatment applied for the three batches
Effect of climatic conditions on some physiological indicators of winter wheat cultivated in organic farming system
No full textLeaf area index, normalized index of vegetation and yield are important traits affected by environmental factors. The
objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different year on leaf area index, normalized index of
vegetation and its implication on the winter wheat yield cultivated in organic farming system. Twenty wheat cultivars
were sowing during 2016-2018 under rainfed conditions at National Agricultural Research and Development Institute
Fundulea, Romania, on a cambic chernozem soil. Climatic conditions and cultivars strongly influenced all studied traits
in this study. The highest leaf area index and NDVI were reached in 2016, while the lowest ones were recorded in
organic farming system for all cultivars in 2018. In conditions of 2018 year LAI ranged from 1.6 (Bezostaia) to 3.1
m2
/m2
(Glosa), reflecting less favorable conditions of water and nutrients supply than in 2016 when in the same
genotypes the LAI values were 0.35 and 0.54, respectively. The correlations between leaf area index, normalized index
of vegetation and yield obtained in experimental years, were very significantly positive, suggesting that a higher yield in
organic farming system can be associated with capacity of cultivar for a higher leaf area to achieve a good ground
cover