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Influence of serial blood sampling on total blood volume and complete blood count in Siberian Husky dogs during bioequivalence testing of an anthelmintic
Get PDFSerial blood sampling is essential for the assessment of the bioavailability of active molecules, which is the basis for the
bioequivalence testing of medicinal products. In some canine breeds, including Siberian Husky (SH), serial blood
sampling may be influenced by the total blood volume and other morpho-physiological and behavioral characteristics.
This research was foscused on the analysis of the suitability of Siberian Husky dogs for serial blood sampling by
phlebocentesis, to determine the plasma concentrations that are required for drug bioequivalence studies. In this regard,
we resort to the analysis of serial blood sampling (n=72) influence on hematological indices and total blood volume in a
SH dogs batch (n=22) during the bioequivalence testing of a canine anthelmintic product, based on a single-centered
protocol (randomized, crossed, two-sequenced, two treatments and a 30 days break). The maximum volume of blood
collected daily reached 85 mL/animal on the first day of the two phases, to be reduced as the test advanced, reaching a
total of 310 mL blood/test/animal. The serial blood samples collected during the entire testing period represented
16.23% out of the mean value of the total blood volume (1909 mL blood/animal) for an average weight of 22.2 kg. By
comparison with the possibility of taking 3 units of blood (450 mL/unit)/year from a canine donor of 20-25kg, we
appreciate the good suitability of SH dogs for serial blood sampling, which was also confirmed by the evolution within
the physiological range of hematological indices, with statistically insignificant deviations between the initial and final
screening
Research on the agrochemical potential of land within the Ezareni farm, Iasi county
No full textSoil fertility represents the ability to provide plants throughout the vegetation period, permanently and simultaneously
with nutrients and water, in quantities satisfactory to their needs. The assessment of the nitrogen supply status of plants
is influenced by the organic matter content in the soil that stores more than 80% of the total nitrogen reserve in the
analyzed layer. Under the action of microorganisms in the soil, the mineralization of organic matter takes place, with
the release in the form of ammonia (the ammonia process) then it is oxidized and converted into nitrates (the
nitrification process) both forms accessible to plants, easily leaching also, especially the second form that is not fixed in
any mineral or organic compounds in the soil. The topographic plot 127a analyzed in the study belongs to Research
Station of Ezareni, part of the Iasi University of Life Sciences, occupying an area of 12,90 ha, in which the sunflower
crop was sown. Two agrochemical samples were taken after the sunflower crop was harvested. The land is located on
the southern part of the farm, on a plateau with an overall slope of less than 5 % and oscillates in the eastern part
between 5-7 %, with a minimum altitude of 92 m in the eastern part, and in the western part the maximum of 122 m,
with an eastern exposure. After sampling of agrochemical samples, the removal of plant residues and their grinding
followed, and subsequently introduced into the analytical flow of the chemistry laboratory where the foll
Quality analysis of some assortments of milk chocolate and white chocolate sold in Romania
No full textThe study consisted in the comparative assessment of the quality of some varieties of milk chocolate and white
chocolate sold in Romania, following their sensory, chemical (including energy value), economic and aesthetic
characteristics. Were analyzed 48 samples from eight varieties of chocolate (milk chocolate was coded M1, M2, M3,
M4 and white chocolate was coded W1, W2, W3, W4, six samples for each producer, from different batches). The
sensory characteristics were analyzed by tasting (using the scoring scales method of 0-5 points). The content of water,
dry matter and lipids was determined by classical standardized methods; the results obtained were compared with the
values declared on the label by producers. Following the sensory analysis, five products were included in the category
of good products (near under the 18 points) and three in the class of very good quality (over 18.1 points). According to
the information on the labels the products studied had as main ingredient the sugar, for white chocolate an average of
58.73%, then an average of 33.48% lipids, 5.58% proteins and 0.30 % salt; for milk chocolate was found an average of
59% carbohydrates from which 58.25% sugars, 31% lipids, 4.55% proteins and 0.25% salt. The lipids determined by
Soxhlet method for white chocolate was closed in average to the information on the labels (33.26% vs 33.48%), but for
milk chocolate was determined 29.09%, compared with 31% from the label, with 1.91 percentage points difference
New host for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the ne region of Romania
No full textSclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary (1884) is a fungal plant pathogen with worldwide distribution and causes
diseses as white mold, Sclerotinia stalk rot, Sclerotinia head rot, watery pod rot or cottony soft rot. Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum is capabile of infecting many plant species from different botanical families and can cause damage to a
large variety of crops as sunflower, soybean, dry bean, canola, some vegetables or in ornamental plants. In Romania,
there are very few informations about Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in ornamental plants. In the spring of 2021, we found
symptoms of white mold on Forsythia spp. plants from arboretum park of Iasi University of Life Sciences (IULS),
located in Iasi city, Romania. The symptoms appeared in water soaked lesions form on flower petals and leaves,
infections that has progressed into branch tissue resulting wilt of individual branches. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
isolations were made from leaf and branch tissue fragment from Forsythia spp
Yeast diversity in winemaking in Romania and abroad: a review
No full textNowadays, the most important aspect of viniculture is alcoholic fermentation. Most of the wine-growing countries are
searching new ways to isolate and select local yeast strains. Using native yeasts in oenological practice is essential in
orde to maintain the defining and authenticity aromatic profile, therefore improving the quality of wine. In this review
are highlighted the results of various researches regarding the identification of yeast strains from the indigenous flora
and their influence in enhancing winemaking technologies. The publications selected from electronic databases were
reported between 1980 and 2021. Thus, in this article, the main yeasts encountered in winemaking centers and their
importance in optimizing winemaking technologies have been highlighted and presented
Intensification of the photodegradation efficiency of an emergent water pollutant through process conditions optimization by means of response surface methodology
No full textHeterogeneous photocatalysis has been increasingly investigated during the past years and has been recognized as a promising technique for clean and safe water purification. The current study exploits the advantage of this technique demonstrating that the removal of a biorefractory water pollutant named clofibric acid can be really improved by photocatalysis through a parametric comprehensive investigation and optimization study based on response surface methodology. Its novelty comes from the approach used to enhance the efficiency of the photocatalytic degradation of clofibric acid. A custom central composite design consisting of 49 trials was applied for process modeling and a quadratic robust model was derived based on the analysis of variance for the optimization of the process parameters. The effective removal of the target molecule with about 70% carbon mineralization was achieved under optimal photocatalytic conditions: 1.5 mg/L as the initial concentration of pollutant, 0.61 g/L catalyst, and an irradiation time of 190 min. Further, it was provided that nitrates play a positive role in the removal of this pollutant, while hydrogenocarbonates slow down its elimination. The ecotoxicity evaluation at different trophic levels confirmed the low toxicity of photodegradation by-products. Data analysis demonstrated that response surface methodology is a reliable approach for the optimization of the interactive effects of photocatalytic process parameters and is able to enhance their performance for the complete elimination of this hardly removed water pollutant
Trichinella spiralis and T. britovi in North-Eastern Romania: A Six-Year Retrospective Multicentric Survey
No full textThe genus Trichinella includes roundworm parasites with a wide geographical spread that can cause illness in humans and animals. In this context, an epidemiological study of Trichinella infection was carried out in the northeastern part of Romania to investigate for the first time its prevalence in pigs, horses, wild boars and bears, the geographical distribution of Trichinella species and the natural reservoir of the parasites. Between 2010 and 2015, a total of 166,270 animals were examined by specific methods in order to calculate the prevalence of Trichinella infection, the involved species, and their geographical distribution. The overall prevalence of Trichinella infection in animals was 0.188%. But the specific prevalence varied as follows: in pigs 0.096%, horses 0.021%, wild boar 1.46% and bears 36.76%. The geographical distribution showed that T. spiralis was dominant, occupying the entire northeastern part of Romania, being identified in pigs, horses, wild boars and bears. T britovi occupied five mountain counties, being identified only in wild boars and bears. These results validate the presence of T. spiralis and T. britovi in domestic and game animals in northeast Romania and warn about the risk of human infection in the region
The improvement of a traction model for agricultural tire–soil interaction
Get PDFThe goodness-of-fit analysis performed over the results provided by a model presented in
a previous paper proved that the theoretical data were very well correlated with the experimental
data with regard to the traction force (with Pearson coefficient r2 over 0.9); however, the model was
less accurate in predicting traction efficiency, with r2 = 0.203. In order improve the model and obtain
a better fit between the theoretical and experimental data (especially for the traction efficiency), the
model was updated and modified by taking into account the geometry of the tire cross section, which
was considered to be a deformable ellipse. Due to the deformable cross section, the minor axis of
the tire–ground contact super ellipse decreased compared with the previous model (from 0.367 m
to 0.222 m), while the major axis increased (from 0.530 m to 0.534 m). As a result, different data
for the traction force and traction efficiency were obtained. The effect of the wheel travel reduction
(wheel slip) over the tire–soil shear area was also investigated, and the hypothesis of a constant shear
area (independent of wheel slip) provided the most accurate results. The goodness-of-fit analysis
performed using the data predicted by the modified model showed that the Pearson coefficient
increased significantly with regard to the traction efficiency (from 0.203 to 0.838), while it decreased
by only 2.7% with regard to the data for the traction force, still preserving a high value (r2 = 0.896)
Analysis of Phylogeny and Genetic Diversity of Endangered Romanian Grey Steppe Cattle Breed, a Reservoir of Valuable Genes to Preserve Biodiversity
No full textSince 2000, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has been drawing attention to the increasing numerical decline of Podolian cattle, which include the Romanian Grey Steppe. Currently, this breed is endangered, numbering under 100 heads across the territory of the entire country. Due to its qualities of rusticity, adaptability, and increased resistance to diseases and severe climate conditions, the Grey Steppe is considered a valuable genetic reserve for improving livestock production. This study aimed to quantify the genetic diversity of a population of 32 cattle from the area of N-E Moldova through the analysis of two mitochondrial markers, cytochrome b and the d-loop, which have been proven to be relevant to studies of genetic diversity and phylogeny. The results obtained based on the statistical analysis of the data using nucleotide sequence analysis software (DnaSP, SeaView, MegaX, PopArt, etc.) demonstrated that the breed belonged to the ancestral P′QT haplogroup, with direct descent from Bos taurus primigenius. Within this haplogroup, five cattle were identified, which could be used in the selection of crosses, with the aim of preserving valuable genetic resources for the improvement of other cattle breeds and the protection of biodiversity
Dirofilaria repens predominates in shelter dogs from South Romania
Get PDFCanine filarioids are zoonotic vector-borne parasitic nematodes distributed mostly in the tropics and subtropics.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, distribution, etiology and genetic variation of canine
filarioid infections by three different PCR techniques in four Southern Romanian counties. Blood samples of 300
shelter dogs were screened for infections with canine filarioids by real-time PCR. To determine filarioid species
and coinfections, samples positive in the initial screening were further tested by conventional PCR and
sequenced. Results indicated that 17% of the tested dogs were positive for at least one filarioid species. The
prevalence of D. repens infection was 11.7%, significantly higher than that of D. immitis (4.7%) and A. reconditum
(1.3%) (p ≤ 0.003). The high prevalence of canine filarioid infections represents a challenge to animal and
human health in the South of Romania, and they should be constantly monitored