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Effects of non-thermal plasma activated water and low temperature on wheat sprouts: a focus on photosynthetic pigments, protein and phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes activity
No full textThe study aimed to evaluate the effects of non-thermal plasma activated water (PAW) in combination with low temperature (15°C) on the biosynthetic potential, antioxidant activity and enzymes activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa) sprouts. The exposure to three different types of PAW (PAW1, PAW2 or PAW3) and low temperature (15°C) had positive influence on wheat sprouts. Content in proteins and photosynthetic pigments and activity of superoxide dismutase increased in wheat sprouts at day 3 and shoots at day 8. Peroxidase was stimulated in wheat sprouts (day 3) while catalase activation was detected in shoots (day 8). Polyphenol oxidase, responsible for enzymatic browning, was inhibited in shoots at day 8. PAW1 boosted free phenolic content in shoots at day 8. An increment in the antioxidant activity of bound phenolic fraction of shoots (day 8) under treatment with PAW1 was also detected. Overall, non-thermal PAW in combination with low temperature (15°C) is an efficient approach to enhance the quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa) sprouts
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Plant Extracts Films: Preparation, Surface Characterization and Antibacterial Studies against Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria
No full textIn this study, we aim to obtain biomaterials with antibacterial properties by combining poly(vinyl alcohol) with the extracts obtained from various selected plants from Romania. Natural herbal extracts of freshly picked flowers of the lavender plant (Lavandula angustifolia) and leaves of the peppermint plant (Mentha piperita), hemp plant (Cannabis sativa L.), verbena plant (Verbena officinalis) and sage plant (Salvia officinalis folium) were selected after an intensive analyzing of diverse medicinal plants often used as antibacterial and healing agents from the country flora. The plant extracts were characterized by different methods such as totals of phenols and flavonoids content and UV-is spectroscopy. The highest amounts of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, respectively, were recorded for Salvia officinalis. Moreover, the obtained films of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) loaded with plant extracts were studied concerning the surface properties and their antibacterial or cytotoxicity activity. The Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared analysis described the successfully incorporation of each plant extract in the poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix, while the profilometry demonstrated the enhanced surface properties. The results showed that the plant extracts conferred significant antibacterial effects to films toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and are not toxic against fibroblastic cells from the rabbit
The evolution of the soil microbiota under the influence of winter wheat crop in the north-eastern region of Moldova
No full textSoil microbial diversity is important to sustainable agriculture because microbes mediate many processes that support
agricultural production. During four growing seasons of the winter wheat crop (2019-2022), the microbiota of the soil
was analyzed, following its evolution during this period of time. Each year, soil samples were taken at two key times for
the wheat crop: the beginning of stem elongation (BBCH 32–34) and the end of flowering (BBCH 68–70). The aim of
this study was to determine and compare communities of bacteria and fungi occurring in the rhizosphere of winter
wheat. The analyzed parameters included: abundance of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, abundance and
genera composition of filamentous fungi. The frequency and composition of soil microbiota were examined in 4-years
cultivation of winter wheat. The total number of Gram-negative bacteria was significantly higher compared to the total
number of Gram-positive bacteria and filamentous fungi. The dominant groups of fungi were the genera Penicillium
and Aspergillus, which accounted for more than 50% of the total number of fungal colonies identified
Structuri secretoare interne la Hypericum patulum - o selecție de imagini de microscopie optică
Get PDFHypericum patulum (goldencup Saint John’s wort, fam. Hypericaceae) is an exotic shrub, originated from China, widely cultivated in gardens in temperate regions as ornamental, for its large, golden yellow flowers and thick, green, deciduous or persistent foliage. Similar to Hypericum perforatum (common St. John’s wort), which is a well-known valuable herbal drug, some other Hypericum species also have some unusual internal secretory structures that produce and accumulate many bioactive compunds, thought to have evolved as a plant response to herbivore attack. In the present study the optic microscopy images of Hypericum patulum leaves, flowers and stem show: black nodules (spheroidal dark glands) which are glands that produce and accumulate a granular red to black colored pigment (hypericin) – they were seen in sepals and stem; pedunculate black nodules (glandular emergences) were seen on the margin of the sepals; secretory cavities (spheroidal pale glands or translucent glands) that are almost spherical or a bit elongated found in leaves and sepals, they have a cavity that is bordered by secretory cells that produce oils that diffuse through the cell wall and accumulates within the cavity, they are considered to produce hyperforin and essential oils; secretory canals with large lumen, that are long, tubular structures found in leaves mixed with translucent glands which have the same structure and origin
The role of viral infections in the devolopment of respiratory disease in swine
Get PDFSusceptible categories of pigs for the occurrence of respiratory diseases are categories in postweaning and
fattening. The spectrum of clinical symptoms is very wide and includes not only respiratory symptoms, but
also many other symptoms that appear as a consequence of systemic disorders, depending on the type of
causative agent. Cough can be of different frequency, intensity and productivity, and difficulty breathing can
be of different degrees. Respiratory diseases may be accompanied by stunted growth, rough bristles,
anorexia, reduced daily gain and lethargy. Disseminated systemic disorders often include symptoms
suggestive of central nervous system disorders, swollen joints and lameness, followed by reproductive
disorders or sudden death. Pathomorphological changes are also of different character and severity. Nonspecific
factors predispose to the occurrence of initial damage or contribute to the further spread of already
existing lesions. In this article, we wanted to give an overview of our research on respiratory diseases of viral
etiology in pigs from commercial farms
Serum anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a IgG antibodies are biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis
No full textAbstract
Objectives
A previous single-country pilot study indicated serum anti-GM2 and anti-GA1 anti-glycolipid antibodies as potential biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis. This study aims to validate these findings in a large geographically heterogenous cohort.
Materials and Methods
Sera from 175 dogs clinically diagnosed with acute canine polyradiculoneuritis, 112 dogs with other peripheral nerve, cranial nerve or neuromuscular disorders and 226 neurologically normal dogs were screened for anti-glycolipid antibodies against 11 common glycolipid targets to determine the immunoglobulin G anti-glycolipid antibodies with the highest combined sensitivity and specificity for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis.
Results
Anti-GM2 anti-glycolipid antibodies reached the highest combined sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity: 65.1%, 95% confidence interval 57.6 to 72.2%; specificity: 90.2%, 95% confidence interval 83.1 to 95.0%), followed by anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies (sensitivity: 61.7%, 95% confidence interval 54.1 to 68.9%; specificity: 89.3%, 95% confidence interval 82.0 to 94.3%) and these anti-glycolipid antibodies were frequently present concomitantly. Anti-GA1 anti-glycolipid antibodies were detected in both acute canine polyradiculoneuritis and control animals. Both for anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies, sex was found a significantly associated factor with a female to male odds ratio of 2.55 (1.27 to 5.31) and 3.00 (1.22 to 7.89), respectively. Anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies were more commonly observed in dogs unable to walk (OR 4.56, 1.56 to 14.87).
Clinical Significance
Anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a immunoglobulin G anti-glycolipid antibodies represent serum biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis
Vertebral heart size and vertebral left atrial size reference ranges in healthy Maltese dogs
No full textThe most common cardiac measurements on thoracic radiography in veterinary medicine are vertebral heart size (VHS) and vertebral left atrial size (VLAS). Previously published studies have demonstrated evidence that reference ranges for these measures vary among different dog breeds, however reference ranges for Maltese breed dogs are currently lacking. We hypothesized that VHS and VLAS in healthy Maltese dogs would not be influenced by sex, age, or bodyweight. This retrospective, reference interval study aimed to describe reference intervals for VHS and VLAS in a sample of clinically healthy Maltese dogs and assess the intra- and interobserver variabilities for VLAS and VHS measurements. A total of 81 clinically healthy Maltese dogs were included, with healthy status being based on a complete cardiologic examination. Thoracic radiography in right lateral recumbency was performed for all dogs. The intra- and interobserver variability assessments of VHS and VLAS were based on measurements independently performed by three observers. The mean VHS was 9.53 ± 0.46 vertebrae (v). The median and interquartile range (IQR) for VLAS was 2 v (IQR, 1.8-2.1v). A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was observed between VHS and VLAS (P < .01, r = 0.416). Both VHS and VLAS showed an almost perfect intraobserver agreement. Interobserver agreement was almost perfect for VHS and substantial for VLAS. Findings supported previous studies recommending the use of breed-specific reference values for VHS and VLAS, and provided background data for future radiographic evaluations of Maltese dogs with clinical signs of cardiac disease
A DNA analysis of Romanian wheat cultivars from the Vegetal Genetic Resources Bank Suceava
No full textDevelopment of improved technology, new high-yielding varieties, mechanization, enhanced use of chemical and
fertilizers led to increased wheat yields, but this development adversely affected agroecology and labor demands in
agriculture. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important crop plants, with a significant dietary importance, all
due to the high carbohydrate and protein content of the grain and the ratio between them, which satisfies the
requirements of human nutrition. Also, it is one of the ancient crops of agronomic importance, having been taken into
cultivation by man about 10-12 thousand years B.C. In Romania, wheat cultivation dates back more than 2500 years.
On the shores of the Black Sea, on the sites of ancient cities, coins have been found with the image of the goddess
Demeter inscribed on one side and wheat ears on the other. The objectives of the research paper are the DNA-based
genetic analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and einkorn (Triticum monococcum) cultivars belonging to different
subspecies or varieties. This study used 50 wheat genotypes, containing local populations, varieties and breeding
material provided by the Vegetal Genetic Resources Bank "Mihai Cristea" Suceava
Assessment of some mitochondrial function based on gene expression in sow oocyte cultured in vitro
Get PDFOocyte maturation represents the highlight of developmental process in the ovarian follicle. It entirely depends on
mitochondrial ability to ensure energy supplies. Beside ATP production, mitochondria is involved in apoptosis and any
disorder generating ROS excess will lead to cellular death. Using PCR reaction we have assessed the gene expression
for proapoptotic (Bax), antiapoptotic (Bcl2 and p53) and mitochondrial-related genes (Polg, Polg2 and CYTB) in sow
oocyte cultured in vitro. Oocyte-cumulus complexes were cultured in TCM media supplemented with PMSG and HCG
(group A -control) plus 0.57 Mm cysteine (group B) or 10 μg/ml quercetin (group C). Based on their antioxidative
properties, the added compounds generated a satisfactory oocyte maturation rate without any gene inhibition, except
group C. The over-expression of POLG and Polg2 genes accompanied by an increase of gene expression involved in
apoptosis and all of these correlated with an increase of Bax/Bcl2 ratio determined us to conclude that culture media
supplementation with 10 μg/ml of quercetin is not suitable for in vitro sow oocyte maturation
Habitat preference of the endangered species Crambe tataria (Brassicaceae) from Romania
Get PDFCrambe tataria is a protected species, thermophilic relict in Europe and steppe postglacial relict in
Romania. In the past three decades, the size of C. tataria populations has been significantly reduced,
and the geographical distribution of these populations is fragmented. Despite its status, there is
insufficient data on the environmental conditions of this priority species. This study aimed to identify
the main plant communities with C. tataria and the relationships between their floristic composition
and environmental variables. The floristic composition based on 211 phytocoenological relevés from
the Romanian Grasslands Database (164 relevés; EU-RO-008) and personal data (47 relevés). The
vegetation groups were identified using hierarchical agglomerative clustering methods. Detrended
correspondence analysis (DCA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) evaluated the relationship
between floristic composition and environmental variables. Climatic variables were represented by the
environmental variables. The analysis of the floristic composition was performed based on the
presence/absence matrix. The vegetation analysis indicated that C. tataria grows and persists in a
limited number of plant communities, with a preference for the Arrhenatherion elatioris, Festucion
valesiacae, Stipion lessingianae, Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati, Danthonio-Brachypodion and Prunion
fruticosae. The most important variable that influences the floristic composition is the elevation. The
analyzed populations prefer alkaline soils rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Arsenic and lead
were also present in high concentrations. Investigations have shown that in addition to the Festuco-
Brometea the phytocoenoses of C. tataria identified belong to the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, and
Rhamno-Prunetea classes. The areas occupied by xerophilic meadows of the Festuco-Brometea are in
different stages of degradation due to overgrazing, particularly in north-eastern Romania