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Research on the influence of climate change on the photosynthesis process in maize
No full textThe general objective is the study of the photosynthesis process in corn plants, the necessary basis for the great
adaptation capacity of plants to climate changes. These studies are important because they participate in the
identification of solutions involved in increasing corn production and its quality. The experience was organized at the
farm "Vasile Adamachi" within the USV Iasi, in the spring of 2021 and the analyzes on the collected physiological
material were carried out in the plant physiology laboratory of the USV Iasi. The research material was represented by
the hybrid DKC 4598 produced by the Bayer Group with the FAO 350-390 group. The analysis of the photosynthesis
process in maize in the context of the climatic conditions specific to the growing season of 2021 was carried out by
quantitatively determining of the content of photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence. The results obtained
by the analyse of the photosynthesis process were correlated with the production obtained. The results obtained from
the fluorescence analysis show us that the corn plants studied had the highest light quantification capacity in the 6 and 8
node phenophases. The recorded differences do not show an effort in the ability of the plants to adapt to the weather
conditions of 2021 in North-Eastern Moldova
Realization of the systematic cadastrum in Romania
No full textThe general cadastre is the unitary and mandatory system of technical, economic and legal records of all real estate
throughout the country, regardless of their destination and owner. The systematic registration of real estates in the
integrated cadastre and land register system is regulated by Law no. 7/1996 of the cadastre and real estate advertising,
with subsequent amendments and additions, and can take place at the level of administrative-territorial units or cadastral
sectors. The realization of the general cadastre started in 2007, at first as a pilot program, through the Ştefan Vodă pilot
project with financing from ANCPI and through the Project on Completing the Financial Support granted by the EU for
the Restructuring of Agriculture (CESAR). The National Cadastre and Land Registry Program 2015-2023 (PNCCF) has
as its general objective the free registration in the integrated cadastre and land registry system of all real estates
throughout the territory of Romania, with financing from ANCPI's own revenues, non-refundable external funds
(European Union) and through allocations (co-financing) from the budgets of administrative-territorial units. Currently,
out of the estimated 40,000,000 real estates, 20,359,544 real estates are registered in the integrated cadastre and land
register system, of which 5,381,335 real estates are registered through systematic cadastre. Through the material and
financial support of the town halls and the active participation of the owners, a faster rhythm of the systematic cadastre
can be ensured
Effect of seed pre-sowing treatments on the germination and early growth of Albizia lebbeck seeds
No full textAlbizia lebbeck is a
multipurpose tree that has many benefits for
the environment and the end user. The extent
to which this tree species is cultivated is very
low due to seed coat dormancy, which
causes a longer germination period and late
seedling growth. This research was done at
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and
Technology, located in Kumasi, Ghana, at
the Department of Horticulture, to ascertain
the effect of seed pretreatment on germination
and early seedling growth. Germination was
observed in seeds pretreated with hot water
(100º) for 1 minute (T1), dry heat (90º) for
2 minutes (T2), in 6% hydrogen peroxide
solution for 30 minutes (T3), cold water at
room temperature for 24 hours (T4) and
untreated seed (T5) as the control. The
experiment was conducted using a
randomised complete block design (RCBD)
with three replications. The data obtained for
seed germination percentage were
statistically analysed using one-way analysis
of variance in Statistix 7.0 software, and the
least significant difference at 5% probability
level was used to separate the means of
height, collar diameter and number of leaves.
A comparison between the pretreated and
control seeds showed no significant difference
(P > 0.05) on germination percentage,
germination rate, and root and shoot dry
weights of Albizia lebbeck. However, it had
a positive influence (P < 0.05) on early
growth characteristics. Seeds soaked in cold
water (T4) had maximum early seedling
growth. Hydrogen peroxide treatment (T3)
yielded the highest collar diameter growth.
Hot water treatment (T1) had the lowest
height, collar diameter and number of leaves.
Cold water at room temperature should be
encouraged as a pretreatment method for the
early growth of Albizia lebbeck seedlings
New research on the study of selectivity and efficacy of treatments on weed control for the maize crop
No full textThis paper present the results obtained at National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea, during
2019-2020, according to the new herbicide treatments: Diniro (prosulfuron 40 g/kg + dicamba 400 g/kg + nicosulfuron
100 g/kg) + Trend (adjuvant); Radial 40 (40 g/l nicosulfuron) + Dicopur Top (344 g/l acid 2,4 D from DMA salt and
120 g/l dicamba); Principal plus (50 g/kg dicamba + 92 g/kg nicosulfuron + 23 g/kg rimsulfuron) +Trend (adjuvant);
Radial 60 (60 g/l nicosulfuron) + Hudson (fluroxypyr 200 gr/l), postemergently applied - BBCH 14-16, maize 4-6
leaves-, for the annual and perennial weeds controlling from the maize crop. The weather from the experimentation
years is representative for the local trend for last decade. The differences (5.64 t/ha in average) between yields of
control plots and the yields of treated plots were significant in all years, but the differences within the yields of treated
plots were not significant. The herbicides must be correlated with the infestation degree of weed, the spectrum and
dominance of weeds, the time of application, the technical potential for efficacy, the local climatic conditions
Investigating six common pesticides residues and dietary risk assessment of Romanian wine varieties
Get PDFThe food and environmental safety debate extends to the use of pesticides in agriculture
including the wine sector, which is one of the most intensive pesticide users across the agricultural
sector. Pesticide utilisation is a common agricultural practice to protect fruits and plants from
pathogens and insects while maintaining high production levels. Grapevine is generally a crop that is
subject to intensive phytosanitary treatments, and therefore, it can be assumed that pesticide residues
will accumulate in the vine-shoots and, later on, end up in the grapes and wines. The aim of this study
was to determine the pesticide content in red, rosé, and white wines after phytosanitary treatments
applied in the vineyard and their impact on long-term dietary risks. The following six pesticides
were analysed: oxathiapiprolin, myclobutanil, iprovalicarb, tebuconazole, chlorantraniliprole, and
acetamiprid. Samples were extracted using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and
safe) method and analysed for the residues of pesticides by liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry. Results indicated that the observed pesticides in the wine samples ranged between 0.05
and 0.75 ng/g. Dietary risks due to pesticide residues for women and men were evaluated using the
estimated daily intake (EDI), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) of wines. The HQs and HIs
did not surpass the 1 value (HQ, HI < 1) for both women and men, denoting that the concentrations
of pesticide residues in these wine samples do not pose any immediate risk to consumers. Moreover,
a pesticide residue intake model (PRIMo) model analysis was conducted, and the results suggest that
European adult consumers have a low pesticide residue intake due to moderate wine consumption.
However, pesticide residue intakes have been associated with several human health problems and
high toxicity levels, therefore reliable analytical methods to monitor their presence in horticultural
crops is crucial for clean and safe food products and healthy consumers
Improving fertility in multiparous cows by inducing ovulation with GnRH agonist - gonadorelin or human chorinic gonadotrophin
Get PDFThis study was designed to assess the effects of the GnRH agonist gonadorelin and human chorionic gonadotrophin
administered at first artificial insemination on the fertility of lactating dairy cows. The lactating dairy cows were
divided into three groups: the hCG-group consisting of primiparous and multiparous cows that expressed the specific
behavior of estrus with AI 12 hours after the end of estrus along with administration of 1500 IU of human chorionic
gonadotropin (hCG); the GnRH-group consisting of primiparous and multiparous cows that showed the specific
behavior of estrus with AI 12 hours after the end of estrus along with administration of 2 mL of Gonadorelin; and the
control group (C-group) consisting of primiparous and multiparous cows that showed the behavior specific to estrus and
that were artificially inseminated (AI) 12 hours after the end of estrus signs without any treatment. According to our
results, administering GnRH agonist or hCG products to multiparous cows in order to induce ovulation increases the
pregnancy rate during the first artificial insemination (46.6%, 57.1% vs. 22.2%, P ≤ 0.05). Both products don't have
any effects on primiparous dairy cows (45%, 42.9% vs. 50%, P > 0.05)
An Overview on Leishmaniasis in Romania: Diagnosis and Therapeutics
Get PDFLeishmaniasis, a vector-borne disease considered to be one of the twenty neglected diseases by the World Health Organization, represents one of the public health concerns in endemic countries. In humans, as well as in animal counterparts, the infection can evolve with different clinical localizations, such as those that are cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral. Romania has been traditionally considered a nonendemic country for Leishmania species infection and has had sporadic positive human cases; however, the climate change recorded in recent decades has created potentially optimal conditions for the preponderant vectors of Phlebotomus spp., which has lately been identified in various parts of country. Moreover, with people and dogs (the prevailing hosts) traveling in endemic countries, the disease was imported and diagnosed in both species, and became a medical concern. In this review, we focused on the: (1) epidemiological data of leishmaniasis cases, both in humans and animals, reported by Romania; (2) diagnostic tools available for confirmation since there is a lack of gold-standard laboratory methods for human and dog patients; and (3) conventional antileishmanial therap
Some physiological features and the productivity of the energy crops Miscanthus X giganteus and Sorghum almum under the conditions of the Republic of Moldova
No full textThis article presents the results of scientific research on some physiological processes in the energy crops Miscathus x
giganteus 'TITAN' and Sorghum almum 'ARGENTINA', grown under the conditions of the central area of the Republic
of Moldova, the dry biomass yield and quality indices of the obtained solid biofuels. The obtained results show the
establishment of the physiological-biochemical activity in the species M. x giganteus by the values of the indices of
photosynthesis intensity (3.39-8.682µmol ms
-1
), in correlation with the intensity of transpiration (0.59-2.02 mmol m-2 s
-
1
), respiration (0.02 mol m-2 s
-1
) and the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (320-385. µmol m-2 s
-1
).
Comparative values of the resulting indices were established simultaneously for the species S. almum, with the values
estimated in the process of photosynthesis (15.77-17.18 µmol m-2 s
-1
), the intensity of transpiration (1.26-1.84 mmol m-2
s
-1 ) and the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) 1061-1565 µmol m-2 s
-1
. These results show that the
values of photosynthesis and PAR indices are more active and higher in M. x giganteus as compared with the values of
the indices of S. almum. It was established that the stem dry biomass yield in the second season reached 1.18-1.89
kg/m2
, with a content of 45.23-45.64% carbon, 5.76-5.91% hydrogen, 0.25-0.40% nitrogen, 0.05-0.06% sulphur, 1.25-
4.40% ash, 18.99-19.20 MJ/kg gross calorific values and 17.30-17.45 MJ/kg net calorific values. The specific density of
briquettes reached 770-850 kg/m3
and the specific density of pellets 970-1070 kg/m3
. The local cultivars of M. x
giganteus and S. almum may serve as feedstock for renewable energy productio
Saharan dust storm aerosol characterization of the event (9 to 13 May 2020) over European AERONET sites
Get PDFThis researchwas aimed at investigating the Saharan dust cloud recorded on 11 and 12May 2020,
by AERONET AOD stations in Italy, Austria, Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine, and Romania and determining
whether it affected the area of the Republic of Moldova. During this period, the Chisinau
AERONET monitoring site was not operational. The incentive for the investigation was the discovery
of a high sediment load in rainwater collected on 12 May 2020 in Pelinia, a village in the Dochia district
of the Republic of Moldova, in the southeastern part of Europe (47.8780 latitude, 27.8344 longitude),
which could have originated from the Saharan dust storm. Backward trajectory analysis with NOAA’s
HYSPLIT model confirmed that the Saharan dust storm impacted the village of Pelinia. Scanning
electron microscopy coupled with electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of Pelinia rainwater sediments confirmed the chemical
composition and morphological structure of Saharan dust particles. The particle size of the
sediments matched the measurements at the AOD stations at Timisoara and Magurele, supporting
the suggestion that Saharan dust probably entered the Republic of Moldova from Romania. FTIR
analysis identified chemical compounds such as carbon dioxide, carbonates, sulfates, ferrocyanides,
and organics (amines, amides, polypeptides, imines, oximes, pyrroles, aldehydes, sulfoxides, sulfones,
nitro-derivatives) that were adsorbed and/or absorbed from the atmosphere, consistent with Saharan
dust aerosols. Bio-allergens such as pollen were detected in the SEM images, showing the role of
Saharan dust in transporting and spreading this kind of biological material. This study highlights
the risk of Saharan dust clouds to humans, animals, and plants, but also its potential benefits for
agriculture when suitable conditions are met in this regard
Perspective de cultivare și importanța speciei Chenopodium quinoa, Willd., ca legumă pentru frunze în România
Get PDFIn recent decades, climate change is rapidly deteriorating crop production conditions. The phenomena of salinization and drought are constantly increasing in all areas of the world, as well as in Romania. On the other hand, there is a constant population growth worldwide, which means that new species and genotypes tolerant to these factors can be identified and used for modern-future agriculture. The species tolerant to stress and salinity exist, they have an ecological plasticity and a very high value of biodiversity, due to the different climatic conditions in their area of origin, but at the moment they are unused and neglected. One such species is quinoa Chenopodium quinoa, Willd., which we have focused on in this paper, in particular emphasis is placed on the ecological plasticity of the plant, respectively resistance to drought and salinity