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Monieziais of ruminant in Serbia – preliminary observations
No full textMonieziais is a global parasite disease of ruminants. It is caused by Moniezia expans and Moniezia benedini. As all
tapeworms, Moniezia spp has an indirect life cycle with ruminants as final hosts, and oribatid mites (also called "moss
mites" and "beetle mites") as intermediate hosts. The oribatid mites ingest the eggs, which hatch in their gut and
develop to cysticercoids in the body cavity of the mites. They are infective for the final hosts. These thugs inhabit the
small intestine of the host and clinical presentation is most common in young animals. There are disorders of profuse
diarrhea, intestinal convulsions and obstruction, bloated abdomen, cachexia and death. Research on the prevalence of
monieziais in ruminants has not been done in Serbia for more than fifty years. In our work, we presented the results of a
preliminary examination of the prevalence of monieziais in certain regions of Serbia in large and small ruminants in the
last ten years. Moniezia benedeni is a common tapeworm of cattle in Serbia and depending on the region, the prevalence
is 3 to 5%. Moniezia expansa is more frequent in sheep and goats and occured in 11 to 23% of examined animals.
Diagnosis is based on fecal examination for the presence of gravid segments (proglottids) or of eggs with a
characteristic morphology. In the treatment of the disease, the most commonly used preparations are bezamidazole,
niclosamide, and combination of praziquantel and levamisole
Biomass-based soil in ecological agriculture: characteristics and wheat grains development trends
No full textThe biomass-based soils are
used in the ecological agriculture, being
already proposed in sustainable organic
production systems with reduced costs for
assuring the good cropping productivity, and
also high quality of the crops. For the
elimination of the synthetic inorganic
fertilizers’ utilization on soil, the use of
certain types of residual biomass in mixture
with the reference soil was proposed as they
have a positive impact on the adsorption and
absorption of nutrients and water for the
nutrition of plants. The aim of this paper is
to present four mixtures of reference soil and
residual biomass, considered as biosoil used
as support for development of wheat seeds.
These biosoils were characterized in terms of
real density, actual and potential pH, content
of total organic carbon, humus,
exchangeable calcium, total and available
nitrogen and phosphorus, and the trends of
grain seeds germination and plants growth
were registered in association with the
evolution of soil pH for a period greater than
a month. The results encourage the use of
these biosoils (mixtures of soil with residual
biomass) as support for plants cropping
Observaţii privind înmulţirea pe cale vegetativă a speciei Juniperus horizontalis Mnch. în condiţiile judeţului Iaşi
Get PDFWithin the multitude of dendrological species, Juniperus species are particular importance in green areas and especially in our country's conditions that are generally favorable and very favorable to these species. The aim of the paper is to highlight the potential for vegetative propagation of the most popular species, namely Juniperus horizontalis Mnch., which is found in Iasi county. During the vegetation period, observations were made on the action of rooting biostimulators and the growth rate of cuttings roots by determining the percentage of rooted cuttings, the average length of roots emitted per cuttings and the average number of roots per cut
The importance of traceability in the beer brewing process within the brewing microproduction workshop
No full textTransparency in identifying the origin of food is a necessity. After a number of recalls and incidents related to food
insecurity around the world, consumer awareness of food security issues has increased. In this scenario, food
traceability appears as an important tool. The importance of the present paper derives from the approach to a highly
current research area, namely the guarantee of food safety, food quality and the continuous concern of alcoholic
beverage producers to obtain safe and healthy products. The main objectives and activities consist of: (1) making an
exhaustive documentation of the national and international legislation (especially that of the EU) related to the topic
addressed; (2) establishing the manufacturing recipe, the raw and auxiliary materials and the optimal technological
parameters for beer manufacturing, the development of manufacturing technological norms for the companies in the
field (internal quality standards); (3) planning and tracking the production process; (4) physico-chemical
characterization of the raw and auxiliary materials that enter the manufacturing process of the analyzed products. This
analysis can be useful for the creation and development of new guidelines to improve the production process of beer,
aiming at a higher degree of satisfaction of breweries and increasing the degree of safety of foods in the brewery chain
Composite Materials Based on Gelatin and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for MRI Accuracy
No full textThe majority of recent studies have focused on obtaining MRI materials for internal use. However, this study focuses on a straightforward method for preparing gelatin-based materials with iron oxide nanoparticles (G–Fe2O3 and G–Fe3O4) for external use. The newly obtained materials must be precisely tuned to match the requirements and usage situation because they will be in close touch with human/animal skin. The biocompatible structures formed by gelatin, tannic acid, and iron oxide nanoparticles were investigated by using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM-EDAX analysis, and contact angle methods. The physico-chemical properties were obtained by using mechanical investigations, dynamic vapor sorption analysis, and bulk magnetic determination. The size and shape of iron oxide nanoparticles dictates the magnetic behavior of the gelatin-based samples. The magnetization curves revealed a typical S-shaped superparamagnetic behavior which is evidence of improved MRI image accuracy. In addition, the MTT assay was used to demonstrate the non-toxicity of the samples, and the antibacterial test confirmed satisfactory findings for all G-based materials
A scientometric analysis of climate change adaptation studies
Get PDFIn recent years, climate change has begun to put pressure on humanity and affect natural
and human systems. The aim of this paper is to provide an improved understanding of the state
of the literature on the impacts of climate change that can be addressed through measures related
to disaster risk reduction, sustainable agricultural practices, and the circular economy. This review
also represents a valuable and fundamental reference for both researchers and practitioners in these
fields. A total of 74,703 articles (climate change adaptation, 45,030; disaster risk reduction, 5920;
sustainable agricultural practices, 7940; circular economy, 15,813) published between 1990 and 2022
were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection, and the links between these areas were
mapped using VOSviewer. There has been an increase in the amount of published research on these
four topics since 2007, indicating the increasing involvement of researchers to address these topics,
influenced by the concerns of national and international bodies to address these changes
Observations on sensitivity and AMR of E.coli in pigs and humans
Get PDFAntimicrobial resistance of pathogenic E. coli impacts the swine industry due to the limited treatment options and growing
public health concerns caused by potential transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes into the food chain. The study was
carried out throughout the whole year; the samples were collected from the small intestine following necropsies performed
in young pigs. From a laboratory database, 78 samples were positive for E. coli and were sampled and processed in order
to describe the AMR following a classical microbiological exam. Each sample was cultured on selective media (Mac
Conkey Agar) and antibiograms were performed using MicroScan Walk Away System. The antibiogram examinations
were performed for 20 antibiotics and the results were presented in the form of the following categories: resistant,
intermediate, susceptible. In 4 of the 20 antibiotics tested, the bacterial agent showed a sensitivity of over 85% and in 6
of the 20 antibiotics, it showed resistance of over 85%. On average, 47.8±37% of E. coli showed sensitivity to the 20
antibiotics tested and 48.5±38% resistance; 3.2±4% were classified as “intermediate”. Similarities were noted in terms of
sensitivity and resistance between the antibiograms from animal E.coli versus human E.coli. The same sensitivity was
observed in 5 of the 20 antibiotics, and in 3 of the 20 antibiotics we noticed common resistance, but a future molecular
biology analysis will be performed in order to identify the genes associated with AMR
Preliminary study on the impact of non-thermal plasma activated water on the quality of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa sprouts
No full textThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of non-thermal plasma-activated water
(PAW) on Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa sprouts. Two types of PAW were generated by exposing
distilled water to a high-voltage electric discharge. Wheat caryopses were treated either with PAW1
(25 mg/L NO3
−, 4 mg/L NO2
−, and 6 mg/L H2O2
) or PAW2 (35 mg/L NO3
−, 5 mg/L NO2
−, and
7.5 mg/L H2O2
) for 8 days, with samples being collected at days 1, 2, 3, and 8. The germination rate,
growth parameters, protein, photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity of
free and bound phenolic fractions, and activity of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. Both PAW1
and PAW2 had positive effects on Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa sprouts. PAW2 had a better impact
on sprouts with respect to growth parameters, free phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of the
free phenolic fraction (day 3), the accumulation of proteins, and photosynthetic pigments (day 8). In
conclusion, exposure to PAW increases the quality of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa sprouts. Further
optimization of PAW treatment is required for the most favorable impact on the accumulation of
biomass and health-promoting compounds in sprouts
Assessment of the technological parameters of butter production and the influence of the storage conditions on its freshness
Get PDFButter is the dairy product obtained by processing cream. It is a food rich in nutrients and is characterized by a very
high digestibility. In the study carried out in a dairy products processing unit, located in the south of Romania, the
technological flow of obtaining different types of butter, as well as their physico-chemical characteristics were
followed. Laboratory determinations were carried out regarding the freshness of the butter (organoleptic examination,
acidity determination, Kreiss reaction etc.). At the same time, a questionnaire was carried out in which 170 people
participated, regarding the consumption of butter, a study performed through the Google forms platform. Following the
determination of the acidity of the fresh, refrigerated and frozen butter samples, values below the maximum allowed
limit were recorded, all samples being considered compliant, and the butter samples stored at temperatures higher than
4oC exceeded the maximum allowed value from the first days of the deviations temperature, being classified as noncompliant
products. This aspect highlights the importance of respecting the storage conditions recommended by the
manufacturers. Following the opinion poll on butter consumption, 71.2% confirmed the preference to consume butter in
the morning. For most participants, the producing company is the determining factor in the choice of butter
Study on identification and quantification of insecticide/pesticide residues in some hive products from rape and sunflower crops in the active season 2020
Get PDFBee poisoning causes economic damage to both beekeepers and farmers by influencing pollination, mortality and
depopulation of bee families. The purpose of the paper was to establish the impact of insecticides/pesticides used to
combat plant pests on bees and hive products in the 2020 beekeeping year, in two research and development stations
(Fundulea, Albota) and a private beehive belonging to a beekeeper from Secuieni Neamt. A total of 9 clinically healthy
and untreated for parasites bee families (experimental group) were monitored, both at rape and sunflower harvest,
which were located in the 3 different locations. 24 samples (live bees, pollen/bee bread, and honeycomb/brood) were
collected from each rape (12 samples) and sunflower (12 samples) harvest, which were sent to an ISO 17025 accredited
laboratory for the determination of insecticide/pesticide levels. After the rape and sunflower harvest, the results of the
toxicological examination showed a number of 5 positive samples (20,83%), of which three in rape (12,5%) and two in
sunflower (8,33%), having a contamination with the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid, contamination with various
insecticides, fungicides (some banned in Europe) and acaricides. The spring inspection, carried out after the inactive
season in the bee families introduced in the experiment after the active beekeeping season 2020, revealed the
occurrence of bee losses through progressive depopulation, with their weakening power