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Current trends in the application of Vaccinium myrtillus and Aronia melanocarpa as natural preservatives in meat and meat products: a review
Get PDFIn the contemporary food industry, preservation of meat and meat products remains a paramount concern for ensuring
safety, quality, and extended shelf life. Against the backdrop of consumer demand for natural and clean-label food
additives, this comprehensive review investigates the current trends in utilizing Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) and
Aronia melanocarpa (chokeberry) extracts as natural preservatives in meat and meat products. The review begins by
elucidating the intrinsic antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these berry extracts, emphasizing their relevance in
the preservation of meat products. Recent research highlights their efficacy in reducing lipid oxidation, extending the
shelf life of meat products, and inhibiting microbial proliferation. Furthermore, it explores various application methods,
including their incorporation into meat matrices and the development of edible coatings, shedding light on innovative
techniques and emerging technologies. The practicality of deploying these natural preservatives in meat processing is
substantiated through industrial applications and illustrative case studies. Recognizing the promise of these natural
preservatives, the review acknowledges the hurdles faced, including formulation optimization, cost-effectiveness, and
consumer perceptions. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for their widespread adoption. The review concludes by
summarizing key findings and underscores the pivotal role of Vaccinium myrtillus and Aronia melanocarpa in shaping
the landscape of meat preservation while ensuring consumer safety and satisfaction
When gallbladder oedema comes as a chronic disease – diagnosis and treatment
Get PDFDiagnosis of the gallbladder oedema is difficult during the clinical examination because the clinical signs are not
specific for this disease. The causes of this pathology are multiple and can be divided into emergencies (such as
anaphylactic shock, right-sided hearth failure, pericardial effusion) and chronic pathologies (such cholecystitis,
pancreatitis or immune-mediated hemolytic anemia). Imagistics methods complete the information of the clinical exam
and ultrasound is considered the golden standard for diagnosing this pathology. Normally, at the ultrasound exam, the
gallbladder has a hyperechoic wall, with a diameter of 2-3 mm; while in case of gallbladder oedema, the wall is thick
and has a triple stratification, with 2 hyperechoic rows, separated by a hypoechoic line. This pathognomonic description
of the gallbladder oedema is also known as the ‘Halo Sign’ or ‘Double Rim Effect’. Making a correct differential for the
appearance of the sign is vital for the outcome of the case. The main focus is to exclude every emergency cause in order
to start treating the chronic pathologies. This paper presents the pathologies leading to gallbladder oedema, met at the
Radiology and Emergencies Departments from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Iasi during the period march 2020 –
may 2022. The clinical case presented was diagnosed and treated at the Center of Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive
Surgery Bucharest
Comparative Study of Flesh Quality, Blood Profile, Antioxidant Status, and Intestinal Microbiota of European Catfish (Silurus glanis) Cultivated in a Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) and Earthen Pond System
Get PDFWith the increasing demand for European catfish, traditional extensive growth methods in polyculture are no longer sufficient to meet market needs. Therefore, this study aimed to identify indicators for improving recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) technology by determining and comparing growth performance, flesh quality, blood profile, oxidative status, and intestinal microbiota parameters between fish cultivated in a RAS and an earthen pond. Results revealed that RAS-grown fish had a higher fat content compared to pond-grown fish, while no significant differences were found for growth parameters. Sensory analysis showed no significant difference in taste between the two groups. Blood composition analysis showed small differences. Oxidative status analyses showed higher catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in RAS-grown fish and slightly higher superoxide dismutase activity in pond-grown fish. Microbial analysis showed differences in the intestinal microflora, with a higher total number of aerobic germs and anaerobic germs and a lower total number of sulfite-reducing clostridia in RAS-grown fish. This study provides valuable insights into the comparative performance of a RAS and a pond rearing system in European catfish production, potentially informing future growth technologies
The influence of climatic factors in the transmission of vector borne diseases
Get PDFThe prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases differs geographically, and transmission times may change in response to
the interaction between pathogens, vectors, hosts and the environment. In the context of global warming there is a need
to monitor the risk of emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne diseases in Romania. The forecast made in this
study shows an increase in temperature until 2050 by 0.78°C, which demonstrated the possibility of extending the
transmission period of Plasmodium protozoa until November, of West Nile virus until October and of Dengue fever
from June to the first half of September. The results underline the need to introduce vectors and vector-borne disease
monitoring and control programmes in Romania in the context of global warming
Studies on the morphological changes of beef during freezing processes
No full textThe freezing process can cause several morphological changes in meat, with the most significant ones being the formation of ice crystals, damage to muscle fibers, and protein denaturation. During the freezing process, water molecules transform into ice crystals, which can lead to the breakdown of meat fibers. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes that occur in beef after freezing and to observe the differences between refrigerated and thawed samples using two different storage methods: vacuum-packed (wet chilling/ freezing) and unpacked (dry chilling/ freezing). Beef samples were subjected to slow freezing, both dry and wet freezing, with a temperature drop of 0.45 - 0.48ºC/hour. The most notable changes after thawing were observed in physical parameters, pH, and texture indicators. The pH of the samples decreased during thawing, with the dry freezing method showing a more pronounced decrease (from a pH value of 6.43 in the chilled sample to a pH of 5.69 after thawing). Shear force (N) and the energy required for shearing (mJ), which reflect the textural qualities of the meat, demonstrated an increase in tenderness as the values of these parameters significantly decreased after thawing. The average values shifted from 87.08 N/1351.02 mJ (wetchilled sample) and 89.29 N/1389.80 mJ (dry-chilled sample) to the lowest values observed in the wet thawed sample, with averages of 49.14 N/778.14 mJ. The impact of the studied factors on the chemical components was minimal. Humidity decreased from initial values of 75.66% (wet refrigeration) and 75.64% (dry refrigeration) to 75.46% (wet thawing) and 74.94% (dry thawing), with a more noticeable decrease in the case of dry thawing
Analysis of the rider position on a horse simulator, a case study
No full textThe experimental study regarding the influence of the rider position on the horse simulator was conducted on the
Racewood simulator. The evaluated results were compared on three different types of saddles. The experiment showed
that is a very unique way to determine the impact of the designed equipment in horses, the position of the rider
according to the center of gravity and also to measure objectively the outcome of the experience and reactions of the
rider
Recovery of Spinal Walking in Paraplegic Dogs Using Physiotherapy and Supportive Devices to Maintain the Standing Position
No full textParaplegic patients have always been ideal candidates for physiotherapy due to their body’s inability to recover on its own. Regardless of the cause that led to the onset of paraplegia (traumatic or degenerative), physiotherapy helps these patients with devices and methods designed to restore the proper functioning of their motility, as well as their quality of life. A total of 60 paraplegic dogs without deep pain in the hindlimbs caused by intervertebral disc extrusion or thoracolumbar fractures underwent physiotherapy sessions: manual therapy (massage), electrostimulation (10–20 min with possible repetition on the same day), ultrasound therapy, laser therapy, hydrotherapy, and assisted gait in supportive devices or on treadmills to stimulate and relearn walking, which was the main focus of the study. To maintain the standing position over time, we developed different devices adapted for each patient depending on the degree of damage and the possible associated pathologies: harnesses, trolleys, straps, exercise rollers, balancing platforms and mattresses, physio balls and rollers for recovery of proprioception. The main objective of our study was to demonstrate that physiotherapy and assisted gait in supportive devices to maintain the standing position may help paraplegic dogs to develop spinal walking. Concurrent pathologies (skin wounds, urinary infections, etc.) were managed concomitantly. Recovery of SW was evaluated by progression in regaining the reflectivity, nociception, gait score, and quality of life. After 125 to 320 physiotherapy sessions (25 to 64 weeks), 35 dogs (58.33%) developed spinal walking and were able to walk without falling or falling only sometimes in the case of a quick look (gait score 11.6 ± 1.57, with 14 considered normal), with a lack of coordination between the thoracic and pelvic limbs or difficulties in turning, especially when changing direction, but with the recovery of the quadrupedal position in less than 30 s. The majority of dogs recovering SW were of small size, with a median weight of 6.83 kg (range: 1.5–15.7), mixed breed (n = 9; 25.71%), Teckel (n = 4; 11.43%), Bichon (n = 5; 14.28%), Pekingese (n = 4; 11.43%), and Caniche (n = 2; 5.71%), while those who did not recover SW were larger in size, 15.59 kg (range: 5.5–45.2), and mixed breed (n = 16; 64%)
Microbiological approaches regarding the bacterial microflora in some assortments of dairy products
Get PDFIn the present research were investigated some microbiological aspects of the microflora of some assortments of dairy
products regarding the involvement of microbial species in fermentation processes in various periods of refrigeration
according to the scheme of laboratory microbiological conduct.
The registered results through the evaluations of the number of colonies in dairy products determined by the species
Streptococcus lactis, in various refrigeration periods regarding the quantitative study as well as its importance in the
lactic fermentation, allowed us to obtain relevant knowledge specific to the microbiology of food products.
Isolation of the species from dairy products of different varieties determined a favorable saprophytic microflora in the
bacteriological study of microbial cultures on culture media in different periods of refrigeration and microscopic indices
of streptococcal cells specific to the species
Classification and clinical significance of papillomavirus infection in domestic cats
Get PDFDuring the last decades, the infection with papillomavirus in domestic cats gained interest from the veterinary
community due to its significant impact on the companion's animal's health. Therefore, in this review, we aim to present
a concise classification of feline papillomaviruses and their clinical relevance in domestic felines. Initially, the different
types of papillomaviruses affecting domestic cats are described. Here, we emphasize the molecular diversity and
transmission ways to better understand each virus type and its clinical implications. Furthermore, we explore the
clinical importance of papillomavirus infections, analyzing their various manifestations such as skin or oral lesions. We
outline the signs and symptoms of these infections, shedding light on the oncogenic mechanisms used by the virus. The
knowledge gained from this analysis holds the potential to refine veterinary medical practices, enabling the effective
management of this condition and ultimately enhancing the overall quality of life for our feline companions
In vivo and in vitro models to study the mosquito-borne Usutu virus
Get PDFUsutu virus (USUV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus discovered in South Africa in 1959, has spread to many
European countries over the last 20 years. The virus is currently a major concern for animal health due to its expanding
host range and the growing number of avian mass mortality events. Although human infections with USUV are often
asymptomatic, they are occasionally accompanied by neurological complications reminiscent of those due to West Nile
virus (another flavivirus closely related to USUV). The knowledge about the various study models is a helpful tools for
scientific to identify the best methos for different scientific questions