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Digital twin earth for climate change adapation: an AI based federated system
No full textDespite the permanent efforts to reduce emissions and achieve carbon neutrality a warmer climate is no longer to be avoided. The European mission „Adaptation to Climate Change" aims to build resilience by 2030 in at least 150 European communities and regions. At the same time, the „Destination Earth" (DestinE) initiative promotes the use of digital twins of the Earth enabling a thorough assessment of climate change by leveraging an accurate digital model of the Earth that can be used to monitor, model, and predict natural and human activity, and to develop and test scenarios for a more sustainable growth. Climate models describe changes at scales of 50km to 150km. However, adaptation measures shall be applied at human activities scales, from 10m to 1km. We propose to achieve this by scale-out novel paradigms of Artificial Intelligence for Earth Observation (AI4EO) including the use of coupled models across domains and spatiotemporal scales. The envisaged R&D work will be carried out in the project Competence Center for Climate Change Digital Twin Earth for forecasts and societal redressement: DTEClimate, in the frame of Romania National Recovery and Resilience Plan
Control of coccidiosis of farm breeding sheep
Get PDFInfection with coccidia is one of the most common and damaging sheep diseases, particularly young lambs and
economically important diseases of sheep. Coccidiosis is caused by parasitic protozoa in the genus Eimeria. Coccidial
infection is virtually universal in sheep and large numbers of oocysts may be found in the faeces of clinically normal
animals. Usually it is presented at animals at 4-10 weeks.Lamb and kids infection had moderate morbidity and low
mortality rate. Environmental contamination and resulting clinical disease is generally influenced by local weather
conditions and the grazing management practices of the flock. In our paper, we present measures to control coccidiosis
in sheep kept in frame breeding conditions
Soil nitrogen fixing bacteria under biofertilizer application in different tillage systems in maize and sunflower crops
No full textIt is well known that chemical inputs are the main determinant of yields, but their impact is considerable, causing
significant changes in the soil. Soil microbiota is a very important component of the agricultural ecosystem and is
involved in nutrient cycling. Its structure and dynamics are easily influenced by tillage, fertilizers and crops. The aim of
the present study was to observe the effects of different tillage systems combined with the application of inorganic
fertilizers and a phosphorus-solubilizing bacterial fertilizer in different rates and combinations on nitrogen-fixing
bacteria in the soil. The study was conducted in 2023 growing season at the Ezareni Farm from Iasi. The tillage systems
were represented by conventional (CT) and no-tillage (NT). Sunflower and maize crops were fertilized with: NPK (20%
N, 10% P2O5, 5% K2O), phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) fertilizer containing Bacillus megaterium var.
phosphaticum, applied twice, and Corona N foliar fertilizer (21% N), applied to 3 of the 5 treatment formulations. For
the quantification of nitrogen-fixing bacteria populations (Azotobacter spp. and Clostridium pasteurianum), soil
samples were collected four times and the method used in the laboratory was that of successive dilutions. During the
growing season, an increase in colony numbers was observed in CT maize when treated with the manufacturer's
recommended dose (10 l/ha) of biofertilizer in combination with foliar application of nitrogen. In contrast, in sunflower,
the number of bacterial populations was higher in NT under biofertilizer treatment at the prescribed dose but without
foliar fertilizer application. At the beginning of the growing season, Clostridium sp. is more numerous, but this is
reversed 4 weeks after the second application of PSB, which corresponds to the flowering period of the plants, when
Azotobacter spp. predominates. The results indicate increased populations of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in both the
recommended and higher-dose PSB treatments, and in sunflower this is more evident in the no-tillage system
Caracterizarea unui sortiment de bob de grădină (Vicia faba L.)
Get PDFAn experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Vegetable growing discipline, at Iasi University of Life Science, during 2022-2023, with the aim of studying the main morphological, physiological and agro-productive characteristics of an assortment of garden broad bean consisting by the following cultivars: De Monica, Karmazin, Aquadulce, Bartek, Scorpio, Witkiem Manita and Suprifin.
The assortment is relatively diverse in terms of phenology, plant height, number of pods per plant, mass of green grains per pod and green grains yield (kg/ha). The most productive cultivars are: Bartek, with 7398.96 kg/ha green grains, Aqadulce, with 7272.38 kg/ha green grains, and Witkiem Manita, with 6580.35 kg/ha green grain
Posibilităţi de reducere a impactului variaţiilor factorilor externi asupra performanţei economice a producătorilor agricoli
Get PDFAgriculture is a complex and unpredictable activity and the multiple challenges in this sector, of which climate change has a significant impact on production, are responsible for increasing the economic vulnerability of farms. This paper tries to offer some solutions on the basis of which the economic performance of agricultural producers could be less exposed to the impact of the variation of external factors. The results show that it might be possible by reorganizing the range of goods and services and substituting some production factors. The development of managerial skills and the use of relevant market information can contribute to the amplification of agricultural economic performances
Cercetări privind calitatea uleiului aromatizat de floarea-soarelui obținut prin presarea la rece
Get PDFCold-pressed flavoured sunflower oil is a virgin oil that has undergone maceration by adding herbs, spices vegetable, or fruit seeds in order to extend the product’s shelf life, being considered a superior quality product. The aim of the present research was to determine, by means of sensory and physicochemical analyses, the quality of sunflower aromatized oils obtained by cold pressing. The physicochemical properties of the analysed oil assortments were represented by the following determinations: impurity content, moisture, relative density, acidity, iodine, saponification and peroxide indexes
Unusual Canine Cutaneous Melanoma Presenting Parietal Bone Metastasis: A Case Report
Get PDFMelanocytic tumour anatomic location is considered an important prognostic indicator. The cutaneous forms are generally considered benign and may show various biological behaviours. This work reports a rare case of canine cutaneous melanoma showing parietal bone metastasis. Bone invasion in melanocytic tumours is often described in oral or visceral melanomas, but not in cutaneous forms. The patient (dog, male, mixed breed, 12 years) was initially presented for the surgical removal of a cutaneous tumour located on the skin of the carpal region of the right forelimb. Four months after, the patient returned with enlarged lymph nodes and acute respiratory failure. The patient was euthanized due to a decline in physical condition. The necropsy showed metastases in the affected forelimb, regional lymph node, splanchnic organs, parietal bone and meninges. Histopathological examination of tumour tissue samples revealed a mixture of pigmented and non-pigmented spindle and epithelioid melanocytes, while according to immunohistochemistry, the tumours showed a strong immunopositivity for VEGF and MMP-10, and a moderate positivity for MMP-2 expression. This case shows that cutaneous melanocytic tumours may show an aggressive malignant form with positive immunohistochemical reactions for multiple invasiveness factors
The influence of phytosanitary treatments on the soil yeast load in vineyard Iași, Romania
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the influence of phytosanitary treatments on the soil yeast load in Vineyard Iași..
The experiment study included 4 local grape varieties: Busuioacă de Bohotin, Fetească Albă, Fetească Neagră and
Fetească Neagră (from Collection of grape varieties) from viticultural center Copou. The samples were taken at 3
depths: 5-7 cm, 10-15 cm, 15-20 cm. To determine the influence of phytosanitary treatments on the diversity and
distribution of yeasts, 2 soil samples were taken in the 5-7 cm shoot phenophase at 10-day intervals. The yeast strains
isolation and obtaining of the pure cultures was completed by successive replications using sowing on solid nutrient
media technique
Numerical analysis of pore water pressure changes of an earth dam and monitoring of vertical deformations. Case study - Plopi dam, Iasi county
No full textNumerical analysis of pore water pressure changes and the evolution of vertical deformations are the main aspects of the behaviour monitoring of an earth dam. This study analyzed the main aspects of the behaviour monitoring of the Plopi Dam, built on the Gurguiata River, in the northwest of Iași County, Romania. The main data taken into consideration are the dam body's type and material, the foundation's soils, and the dam's monitoring equipment. For tracking the evolution of the pore water pressure, 12 piezometers are used. The Plopi Dam is equipped with 19 piezometers, of which 9 piezometers (marked with B) show the route of the infiltration curve through the dam body and 10 piezometers (marked with F) have the bottom level in the base of the foundation and record the variation of groundwater levels in the aquifer. The paper presents the pore-pressure ratios in embankment material throughout its existence, mainly in the last 12 years, and the influence of external stresses on the hydrostatic levels. Data obtained for a period of 45 years (1978-2023) from 11 landmarks, placed on the dam canopy, were used in the settlement analysis of the embankment The filling in the dam body is still being consolidated, the settlements are significant, the pore pressures are high, so the monitoring of the dam's behaviour is done continuously so that the dam is safely exploited